超声处理对球墨铸铁熔体凝固组织与性能的影响
|
摘要
对球墨铸铁熔体施加超声处理,从浇注的曲轴铸件取样研究了微观组织、力学性能和断口形貌,分析超声处理的作用机理。结果表明,超声处理可以提高球墨铸铁微观组织中的珠光体含量;随着超声输出电流的提高,球墨铸铁曲轴试样的强度和伸长率也随之提高,最高可达892 MPa和6.6%,与未施加超声的球墨铸铁曲轴试样相比分别提高了13.3%和40.4%。超声处理可以减小石墨球尺寸,降低石墨球产生的应力集中现象,缩小珠光体组织的片层间距,进而提高球墨铸铁曲轴的力学性能。
The crankshaft castings were produced by nodular iron melts with and without ultrasonic treatment to investigate the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of nodular cast iron crankshaft. The results showed that ultrasonic treatment increased pearlite content in microstructure; and with enhancing the ultrasonic output current, the strength and elongation of nodular cast iron specimens also increased, up to 892 MPa and 6.6%, with an increase of 13.3% and 40.4%, respectively, as compared with those of nodular cast iron specimens without ultrasonic treatment. In addition, ultrasonic treatment decreased the size of graphite balls, reduced the phenomenon of stress concentration caused by graphite balls, shorten the lamellar spacings of pearlite, and therefore, improved the mechanical properties of nodular cast iron crankshaft.
The crankshaft castings were produced by nodular iron melts with and without ultrasonic treatment to investigate the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of nodular cast iron crankshaft. The results showed that ultrasonic treatment increased pearlite content in microstructure; and with enhancing the ultrasonic output current, the strength and elongation of nodular cast iron specimens also increased, up to 892 MPa and 6.6%, with an increase of 13.3% and 40.4%, respectively, as compared with those of nodular cast iron specimens without ultrasonic treatment. In addition, ultrasonic treatment decreased the size of graphite balls, reduced the phenomenon of stress concentration caused by graphite balls, shorten the lamellar spacings of pearlite, and therefore, improved the mechanical properties of nodular cast iron crankshaft.
引文
[1]麻于科.高品质球墨铸铁的熔炼技术[J].技术与市场,2014(8):61-61.
[2]刘光华,张永秀,尹晓舜,等.球墨铸铁曲轴应用前景的评估[J].现代铸铁,2005,25(1):1-7.
[3]郜永志.球墨铸铁曲轴的铸造与发展[J].知识经济,2008(6):119-119.
[4]Bayrakceken H,Ucun I,Tasgetiren S. Fracture analysis of a camshaft made from nodular cast iron[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis,2006,13(8):1240-1245.
[5]杨思一,丛建臣,孙海涛,等.高强度高韧性球墨铸铁曲轴铸造技术[J].现代铸铁,2011,31(6):39-43.
[6]Abramov O V. Solidification of metals in an ultrasonic field[J]. Metallurgiya Moscow,1972.
[7]Abramov O V. Action of high Intensity Ultrasound on solidifying Metals[J]. Ultrasoincs,1987,25(3):73-84.
[8]Junwen L,Momono T. Effect of ultrasonic output power on refining the crystal structures of ingots and its experimental simulation[J].Journal of Materials Science&Technology,2005,21:47-52.
[9]Kudryashova O,Vorozhtsov S,Khrustalyov A,et al. Ultrasonic dispersion of agglomerated particles in metal melt[C]//Prospects of Fundamental Sciences Development,2016:020013.
[10]刘欢,龚文邦,高辉武,等.金属熔体超声细化处理技术及其应用[J].铸造,2015,64(10):1013-1016.
[11]SkorbE V,M?hwaldH,AndreevaD V.Effectofcavitationbubblecollapseonmodificationofsolids:crystallizationaspects[J].Langmuir,2016,32(43):11072-11085.
[12]朱龙,徐人平.球墨铸铁中石墨大小对其断裂韧性的影响[C]//全国疲劳与断裂学术会议. 1998.
[13]申志清,田学雷,郑洪亮,等.球墨铸铁石墨球核心组成及形核机制的研究[J].铸造,2012,61(4):357-361.
[14]Mitelea I,Bordea?u I,Pelle M,et al. Ultrasonic cavitation erosion of nodular cast iron with ferrite-pearlite microstructure[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2015,23:385.
[15]朱先勇,刘耀辉,张英波,等.铸态珠光体球墨铸铁组织形态与性能[J].农业机械学报,2007. 38(2):179-182.
[16]刘硕.高碳纳米珠光体钢轨钢组织与性能的研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2015.
[17]吴庆辉,杨忠民,陈颖,等.奥氏体化温度对珠光体轨钢组织和性能的影响[J].材料热处理技术,2012,41(14):111-114.
[2]刘光华,张永秀,尹晓舜,等.球墨铸铁曲轴应用前景的评估[J].现代铸铁,2005,25(1):1-7.
[3]郜永志.球墨铸铁曲轴的铸造与发展[J].知识经济,2008(6):119-119.
[4]Bayrakceken H,Ucun I,Tasgetiren S. Fracture analysis of a camshaft made from nodular cast iron[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis,2006,13(8):1240-1245.
[5]杨思一,丛建臣,孙海涛,等.高强度高韧性球墨铸铁曲轴铸造技术[J].现代铸铁,2011,31(6):39-43.
[6]Abramov O V. Solidification of metals in an ultrasonic field[J]. Metallurgiya Moscow,1972.
[7]Abramov O V. Action of high Intensity Ultrasound on solidifying Metals[J]. Ultrasoincs,1987,25(3):73-84.
[8]Junwen L,Momono T. Effect of ultrasonic output power on refining the crystal structures of ingots and its experimental simulation[J].Journal of Materials Science&Technology,2005,21:47-52.
[9]Kudryashova O,Vorozhtsov S,Khrustalyov A,et al. Ultrasonic dispersion of agglomerated particles in metal melt[C]//Prospects of Fundamental Sciences Development,2016:020013.
[10]刘欢,龚文邦,高辉武,等.金属熔体超声细化处理技术及其应用[J].铸造,2015,64(10):1013-1016.
[11]SkorbE V,M?hwaldH,AndreevaD V.Effectofcavitationbubblecollapseonmodificationofsolids:crystallizationaspects[J].Langmuir,2016,32(43):11072-11085.
[12]朱龙,徐人平.球墨铸铁中石墨大小对其断裂韧性的影响[C]//全国疲劳与断裂学术会议. 1998.
[13]申志清,田学雷,郑洪亮,等.球墨铸铁石墨球核心组成及形核机制的研究[J].铸造,2012,61(4):357-361.
[14]Mitelea I,Bordea?u I,Pelle M,et al. Ultrasonic cavitation erosion of nodular cast iron with ferrite-pearlite microstructure[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2015,23:385.
[15]朱先勇,刘耀辉,张英波,等.铸态珠光体球墨铸铁组织形态与性能[J].农业机械学报,2007. 38(2):179-182.
[16]刘硕.高碳纳米珠光体钢轨钢组织与性能的研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2015.
[17]吴庆辉,杨忠民,陈颖,等.奥氏体化温度对珠光体轨钢组织和性能的影响[J].材料热处理技术,2012,41(14):111-114.