落新妇种子发芽条件初探
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摘要
为初步明确落新妇(Astilbe chinensis)种子萌发的适宜条件,为落新妇的引种栽培和繁殖提供理论参考,本文以甘肃兰州种源的落新妇种子为试验材料,对其分别进行250 mg/L GA_3浸种、500 mg/L丙酮溶液浸种和低温(3-7℃)层积等预处理以解除休眠,然后将各组种子分别置于不同温度条件下进行培养,分析不同预处理下温度对落新妇种子萌发的影响。结果分析表明:在10-30℃条件下,GA_3浸种、丙酮浸种及低温层积3种不同预处理均能够有效促进落新妇种子萌发,其促进程度由高到低依次为GA_3浸种>丙酮溶液浸种>低温层积;当温度为20℃时,250 mg/LGA_3预处理能够显著提高落新妇种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数,分别达到90.00%、54.67%和8.57。当温度高于35℃时,落新妇种子萌发被明显抑制。随着温度的逐渐升高,落新妇种子发芽的各项指标均呈现先上升后下降的变化规律;当温度为20℃时,发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数均达到最大值。综上所述,经50 mg/LGA_3浸种预处理后,20℃对落新妇种子萌发的促进效果最佳。
Dormancy exists in seeds of Astilbe chinensis. In order to preliminarily determine the suitable seed germination condition of A. chinensis, providing a theoretical reference for its introduction, cultivation and reproduction, the seeds originated from Lanzhou were firstly exposured to 250 mg/L GA_3, 500 mg/L acetone solution and cold stratification and then cultivated for 21 d at 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃ and 35℃, respectively, demonstrating the effect of germination conditions on the seeds. The results made it clear that seed germination could be effectively improved by GA_3, acetone solution and cold stratificationon at 10℃-30℃, and affected by GA_3, following by acetone solution and cold stratification. In addition, 250 mg/L GA_3 significantly improved seed germination percentage, germination energy and germination index at 20℃, which was up to 90.00%, 54.67% and 8.57, respectively. Furthermore, the seed germination was negatively affected when the temperature was no less than 35℃. With increasing temperature, all the indexes of seed germination rised and then declined, which reached a peak value at 20℃. In conclusion, 20℃ probably was the most suitable germination condition for seeds of Astilbe chinensis that pretreated by 250 mg/L GA_3.
Dormancy exists in seeds of Astilbe chinensis. In order to preliminarily determine the suitable seed germination condition of A. chinensis, providing a theoretical reference for its introduction, cultivation and reproduction, the seeds originated from Lanzhou were firstly exposured to 250 mg/L GA_3, 500 mg/L acetone solution and cold stratification and then cultivated for 21 d at 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃ and 35℃, respectively, demonstrating the effect of germination conditions on the seeds. The results made it clear that seed germination could be effectively improved by GA_3, acetone solution and cold stratificationon at 10℃-30℃, and affected by GA_3, following by acetone solution and cold stratification. In addition, 250 mg/L GA_3 significantly improved seed germination percentage, germination energy and germination index at 20℃, which was up to 90.00%, 54.67% and 8.57, respectively. Furthermore, the seed germination was negatively affected when the temperature was no less than 35℃. With increasing temperature, all the indexes of seed germination rised and then declined, which reached a peak value at 20℃. In conclusion, 20℃ probably was the most suitable germination condition for seeds of Astilbe chinensis that pretreated by 250 mg/L GA_3.
引文
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[2] 尹聪,涂星,张建伟,等.落新妇不同部位岩白菜素含量的测定[J].中国药师,2018,21(07):1292-1295.
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[7] Naqinezhad A,Nabavi S M,Nabavi S F,et al.Antioxidant and antihemolytic activities of flavonoid rich fractions of Artemisia tschernieviana Besser[J].Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci,2012,16(3):88-94.
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[9] 周叶,葛卫红,戴纯辉.落新妇超微粉与普通粉的有效成分溶出度及镇痛作用比较研究[J].浙江中医杂志,2018,53(08):616-617.
[10] 詹佳,鲍跃群,唐飞,等.落新妇组培快繁技术研究[J].现代农业科技,2016(16):63-64.
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[13] 贾有伟,魏驰宇,田如男.欧洲冬青种皮特性与种子休眠的关系[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(12):96-99.
[14] 颜启传.种子检验的原理和技术[M].北京:农业出版社,1992:290.
[15] 胡晋.种子生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:191.
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[17] Franklin K A.Light and temperature signal crosstalk in plant development[J].Curr Opin Plant Biol,2009,12(01):63-68.
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[19] 关雪莲,董连新.温度和盐分胁迫对新疆鼠尾草种子萌发的影响[J].中国野生植物资源,2013,32(04):24-25.
[20] 王靖靖,余玲,朱恭,等.几种环境因子对黄花矶松种子萌发的影响[J].草业科学,2018,35(07):1661-1669.
[21] 徐本美,龙雅宜.种子最适萌发温度的探讨[J].植物生理学通讯,1987(02):34-37.
[22] 颜安,吴敏洁,甘银波.光照和温度调控种子萌发的分子机理研究进展[J].核农学报,2014,28(01):52-59.
[23] 毕辛华,戴心维.种子学[M].北京:农业出版社,1993:85-87.
[24] 张艳,袁涛.野生草本花卉种子萌发特性研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(03):67-73.
[25] Nikolaeva M G.Physology of Deep Dormancy in Seeds[J].Washington,DC:National Science Foundation,1967.
[26] Duan C R,Wang B C,Liu W Q,et al.Effect of chemical and physical factors to improve the germination rate of Echinacea angustifolia seeds[J].Colloid Surface B,2004,37(3-4):101-105.
[27] Bassel G W.Down-Regulation of DELLA genes is not essential for germination of tomato,soybean,and arabidopsis seeds[J].Plant Physiol,2004,136(01):2782-2789.
[28] 潘瑞炽,王小菁,李娘辉.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:218.
[29] 吴宪,廖建雄,甘啟良,等.环境因子对陕西羽叶报春种子萌发及成苗的影响[J].植物科学学报,2011,29(02):212-217.
[30] 曹毅,李春梅.不同温度及赤霉素处理对少花龙葵种子萌发与出苗的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2008(05):792-795.
[31] 郑庆钟,李发明,朱淑娟,等.不同处理对沙生针茅种子萌发的影响[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(01):63-71.
[32] 田晓艳,刘延吉.辽东楤木种子休眠原因及休眠破除研究[J].种子,2008,27(12):77-79.
[33] 张伟峰,孙渭,李斌,等.几种化学药剂对烟草种子萌发的促进效果[J].种子,2004(12):20-23.
[34] 郭聪聪,沈永宝,史锋厚.白皮松种子休眠研究进展[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42:1-11.
[2] 尹聪,涂星,张建伟,等.落新妇不同部位岩白菜素含量的测定[J].中国药师,2018,21(07):1292-1295.
[3] 雷冰.落新妇化学成分及药理活性研究[D].吉林:吉林农业大学,2012.
[4] 陈奶莲,汪攀,吴鹏飞,等.不同杉木半同胞家系种子生物学特性的差异[J].森林与环境学报,2015,35(03):230-235.
[5] 陈浩,陈婷,李建新,等.落新妇的成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2004(07):46-48.
[6] Moulari B,Pellequer Y,Lboutounne H,et al.Isolation and in vitro antibacterial activity of astilbin,the bioactive flavanone from the leaves of Harungana madagascariensis Lam.ex Poir.(Hypericaceae)[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2006,106(02):272-278.
[7] Naqinezhad A,Nabavi S M,Nabavi S F,et al.Antioxidant and antihemolytic activities of flavonoid rich fractions of Artemisia tschernieviana Besser[J].Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci,2012,16(3):88-94.
[8] 黄炳军.长白山区落新妇的开发利用及园艺栽培技术[J].长春师范学院学报,2014,33(02):82-84.
[9] 周叶,葛卫红,戴纯辉.落新妇超微粉与普通粉的有效成分溶出度及镇痛作用比较研究[J].浙江中医杂志,2018,53(08):616-617.
[10] 詹佳,鲍跃群,唐飞,等.落新妇组培快繁技术研究[J].现代农业科技,2016(16):63-64.
[11] Baskin J M,Baskin C C.A classification system for seed dormancy[J].Seed Sci Res,2004,14(01):1-16.
[12] 庞长民,王庆,刘安成,等.不同处理对落新妇种子室内萌发的影响[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2009,31(02):70-73.
[13] 贾有伟,魏驰宇,田如男.欧洲冬青种皮特性与种子休眠的关系[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(12):96-99.
[14] 颜启传.种子检验的原理和技术[M].北京:农业出版社,1992:290.
[15] 胡晋.种子生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:191.
[16] 宋松泉,程红焱,姜孝成,等.种子生物学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:224-239.
[17] Franklin K A.Light and temperature signal crosstalk in plant development[J].Curr Opin Plant Biol,2009,12(01):63-68.
[18] Kocabas Z,Craigon J.The germination response of Bambara groundnut (Vigna sublerrannean(L.)Verdc.) to temperature[J].Seed Sci Technol,1999,27(04):303-313.
[19] 关雪莲,董连新.温度和盐分胁迫对新疆鼠尾草种子萌发的影响[J].中国野生植物资源,2013,32(04):24-25.
[20] 王靖靖,余玲,朱恭,等.几种环境因子对黄花矶松种子萌发的影响[J].草业科学,2018,35(07):1661-1669.
[21] 徐本美,龙雅宜.种子最适萌发温度的探讨[J].植物生理学通讯,1987(02):34-37.
[22] 颜安,吴敏洁,甘银波.光照和温度调控种子萌发的分子机理研究进展[J].核农学报,2014,28(01):52-59.
[23] 毕辛华,戴心维.种子学[M].北京:农业出版社,1993:85-87.
[24] 张艳,袁涛.野生草本花卉种子萌发特性研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(03):67-73.
[25] Nikolaeva M G.Physology of Deep Dormancy in Seeds[J].Washington,DC:National Science Foundation,1967.
[26] Duan C R,Wang B C,Liu W Q,et al.Effect of chemical and physical factors to improve the germination rate of Echinacea angustifolia seeds[J].Colloid Surface B,2004,37(3-4):101-105.
[27] Bassel G W.Down-Regulation of DELLA genes is not essential for germination of tomato,soybean,and arabidopsis seeds[J].Plant Physiol,2004,136(01):2782-2789.
[28] 潘瑞炽,王小菁,李娘辉.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:218.
[29] 吴宪,廖建雄,甘啟良,等.环境因子对陕西羽叶报春种子萌发及成苗的影响[J].植物科学学报,2011,29(02):212-217.
[30] 曹毅,李春梅.不同温度及赤霉素处理对少花龙葵种子萌发与出苗的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2008(05):792-795.
[31] 郑庆钟,李发明,朱淑娟,等.不同处理对沙生针茅种子萌发的影响[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(01):63-71.
[32] 田晓艳,刘延吉.辽东楤木种子休眠原因及休眠破除研究[J].种子,2008,27(12):77-79.
[33] 张伟峰,孙渭,李斌,等.几种化学药剂对烟草种子萌发的促进效果[J].种子,2004(12):20-23.
[34] 郭聪聪,沈永宝,史锋厚.白皮松种子休眠研究进展[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42:1-11.