京津冀血站血液检测前标本质量控制情况调查分析
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摘要
目的分析京津冀血站血液检测前标本质量控制情况,探讨检测前标本质量控制策略的差异对血液质量的影响,为实现京津冀血液检测质量同质化提供依据。方法通过调查问卷形式,对京津冀三地血站血液筛查实验室(简称血站实验室)检测前标本质量控制情况进行调查,包括真空采血管的厂家规格和应用情况、标本采集数目和用途、核酸标本采集后处理方式等数据进行分析。结果 15家血站采用的血清学真空采血管来自9个厂家规格均为5 m L,核酸真空采血管来自3个厂家规格为5 m L和8 m L; 13家血站采集2管标本,1管标本用于血型、ALT和ELISA检测,1管用于核酸检测,另外2家血站采集3管标本; 13家血站采集核酸标本后4h内离心,另外2家中1家仅部分核酸标本4h内离心,1家全部核酸标本4—8 h内离心; 13家血站采用全自动或半自动方式对核酸标本进行前处理,另外2家为手工方式处理。结论京津冀15家血站血液检测前标本处理过程和质量控制机制存在差异。血清学真空采血管应用厂家较多但只有1种规格,核酸真空采血管应用厂家较少但有2种规格;在采集数目和用途上13家血站相同,2家不同;在核酸标本采集后的处理方式上,13家血站能达到4h内进行离心,2家达不到,13家血站采用自动、半自动方式处理核酸标本,2家为手工方式处理。因此需进一步分析以上差异对京津冀各个血站实验室血液检测质量带来的影响。为推进京津冀血液检测质量同质化提供基础数据。
Objective Analyse the pre-test quality control of specimens in blood banks of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,discuss the influence of the different for quality control strategy about pre-test specimens,provide a data basis for the homogenization evaluation of blood screening laboratories. Methods Pre-test quality control of specimens were investigated by questionaires in blood banks of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in 2016,which included specification and application of vacuum blood collecting tube,collected numbers and usage of sample,post-collection treatment mode on NAT sample. Results15 blood banks all used 5 m L vacuum tube for serological test form 9 manufactures,and used 5 m L or 8 m Lvacuum tube for NAT from 3 manufactures.13 blood banks taked 2 samples for testing,of which,1 sample was tested for blood group,ALT and ELISA,1 sample was detected for NAT,another 2 blood banks taked 3 samples; 13 blood banks collected NAT samples and centrifuged them within 4 hours,some NAT samples of one blood banks centrifuged within 4 hours,all NAT samples of another blood bank centrifuged in 4 to 8 hours; NAT samples of 13 blood banks with pretreatment by fully automatic or semiautomatic,another 2 blood banks by manual. Conclusion There are differences of pre-test sample on treating process and quailty control in 15 blood banks,more brands with vacuum tube for serological test,only have 1 specification and less brands with vacuum tube for NAT have 2 specifications.13 blood banks are the same for collected numbers and usage of sample,2 blood banks are different.13 blood banks can finish NAT samples centrifugation within 4 hours,another 2 blood banks can not reach; 13 blood banks treat NAT samples by fully automatic or semi-automatic,another 2 blood banks by manual.Therefore,it needs further analysis on those differences which cause the influence on blood testing of each laboratory,and provide a data basis for advancing the homogenization evaluation of blood screening laboratories in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
Objective Analyse the pre-test quality control of specimens in blood banks of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,discuss the influence of the different for quality control strategy about pre-test specimens,provide a data basis for the homogenization evaluation of blood screening laboratories. Methods Pre-test quality control of specimens were investigated by questionaires in blood banks of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in 2016,which included specification and application of vacuum blood collecting tube,collected numbers and usage of sample,post-collection treatment mode on NAT sample. Results15 blood banks all used 5 m L vacuum tube for serological test form 9 manufactures,and used 5 m L or 8 m Lvacuum tube for NAT from 3 manufactures.13 blood banks taked 2 samples for testing,of which,1 sample was tested for blood group,ALT and ELISA,1 sample was detected for NAT,another 2 blood banks taked 3 samples; 13 blood banks collected NAT samples and centrifuged them within 4 hours,some NAT samples of one blood banks centrifuged within 4 hours,all NAT samples of another blood bank centrifuged in 4 to 8 hours; NAT samples of 13 blood banks with pretreatment by fully automatic or semiautomatic,another 2 blood banks by manual. Conclusion There are differences of pre-test sample on treating process and quailty control in 15 blood banks,more brands with vacuum tube for serological test,only have 1 specification and less brands with vacuum tube for NAT have 2 specifications.13 blood banks are the same for collected numbers and usage of sample,2 blood banks are different.13 blood banks can finish NAT samples centrifugation within 4 hours,another 2 blood banks can not reach; 13 blood banks treat NAT samples by fully automatic or semi-automatic,another 2 blood banks by manual.Therefore,it needs further analysis on those differences which cause the influence on blood testing of each laboratory,and provide a data basis for advancing the homogenization evaluation of blood screening laboratories in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
引文
[1]血站技术操作规程(2015版).国卫医发[2015]95号附件.
[2]颜秀娟,邱昌文,石庆秋,等.核酸血液筛查标本的质量控制.中国医药指南,2012,31(10):383-384.
[3]姚凤兰,陈瑜,汪德海,等.标本保存温度、时间和不同采血管对核酸检测结果的影响.中国输血杂志,2012,25(6):530-533.
[2]颜秀娟,邱昌文,石庆秋,等.核酸血液筛查标本的质量控制.中国医药指南,2012,31(10):383-384.
[3]姚凤兰,陈瑜,汪德海,等.标本保存温度、时间和不同采血管对核酸检测结果的影响.中国输血杂志,2012,25(6):530-533.