某ABS阀支架振动疲劳分析及其优化设计
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摘要
为了解决某ABS阀支架断裂失效问题,首先基于有限元方法对其进行模态分析,分析结果表明其前两阶固有模态频率与发动机的激励频率相一致,将产生共振,不满足模态性能要求。然后采集横梁左、右端的载荷谱,将其转换为功率谱密度载荷,并通过单位激励的频率响应分析,建立单位激励与应力之间的传递函数,以此对其进行振动疲劳分析,分析结果表明该支架的疲劳循环次数低于目标值,不满足疲劳性能要求,并且其危险点与断裂位置相同。再采用霍克-吉维斯直接搜索算法对该支架进行参数优化,并新增一条加强筋,得到最终对优化方案。优化之后该支架的第一阶频率能够避开发动机激励频率,其疲劳循环次数高于目标值,其重量也降低了16%,能够同时满足模态性能、疲劳性能和轻量化的要求。最后对优化方案进行道路验证和测试,测试结果表明该支架的振动激励降低了39.3%,优化效果比较明显,并且没有出现开裂现象。
Aiming at solving the fracture failure problem of a ABS valve bracket. Firstly, the bracket was modal analysised based on finite element method, the analysis results show that its first two natural modes frequency were consistent with the engine excitation frequency, it would produce resonance, it didn't meet the modal performance requirements. Secondly, the load spectrum of left and right crossbeam ends were collected, and they were converted into power density load. The transfer function between unit excitation and stress was established by frequency response analysis of unit excitation, the vibration fatigue analysis show that its fatigue cycles were below the target values, it didn't meet the fatigue performance requirements, its danger point was the same as the breaking point. The bracket was parameter optimizated by hooke-jeeves direct search method, the final optimal solution was obtained by adding a new reinforcement. Its first frequency could avoid the engine excitation frequency, its fatigue cycles were exceeding target value, its height was also reduced by 16%, it could meet modal performance requirements, fatigue performance requirements and lightweight requirements.Lastly, its optimal solution was certificated and tested by road test, the test results show that its vibration excitation was decreased by 39.3%, the optimization effect was obvious, and the cracking didn't occurrs.
Aiming at solving the fracture failure problem of a ABS valve bracket. Firstly, the bracket was modal analysised based on finite element method, the analysis results show that its first two natural modes frequency were consistent with the engine excitation frequency, it would produce resonance, it didn't meet the modal performance requirements. Secondly, the load spectrum of left and right crossbeam ends were collected, and they were converted into power density load. The transfer function between unit excitation and stress was established by frequency response analysis of unit excitation, the vibration fatigue analysis show that its fatigue cycles were below the target values, it didn't meet the fatigue performance requirements, its danger point was the same as the breaking point. The bracket was parameter optimizated by hooke-jeeves direct search method, the final optimal solution was obtained by adding a new reinforcement. Its first frequency could avoid the engine excitation frequency, its fatigue cycles were exceeding target value, its height was also reduced by 16%, it could meet modal performance requirements, fatigue performance requirements and lightweight requirements.Lastly, its optimal solution was certificated and tested by road test, the test results show that its vibration excitation was decreased by 39.3%, the optimization effect was obvious, and the cracking didn't occurrs.
引文
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[12]刘迪辉,朱睿,贺尧.基于实测载荷的传动轴疲劳寿命分析[J].机械强度,2016,38(6):1312-1317.
[13]左芳君.机械结构的疲劳寿命预测与可靠性方法研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2016:20-23.
[14]王登峰,张帅,陈辉,等.基于疲劳试验的车轮拓扑优化和多目标优化[J].汽车工程,2017(12):1351-1361.
[15]丁智平,王卫峰,贺才春,等.基于Isight的橡胶动力吸振器参数化优化[J].机械设计与研究,2016,32(6):126-129.
[2]吴道俊,钱立军,祝安定,等.基于疲劳寿命的车架支架结构优化[J].汽车工程,2013,35(10):863-867.
[3]冯伟,王宗彦,郑江,等.重型卡车转向器支架结构优化设计[J].机械设计与制造,2014(2):175-177.
[4]郝伟伟.某型汽车发动机附件支架有限元分析及优化设计[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2015.
[5]贺尚红,李文科,周钦,等.摆线转子式机油泵模态分析及试验[J].机械设计与研究,2016,32(3):138-141.
[6]姚艳春,杜岳峰,朱忠祥,等.基于模态的玉米收获机车架振动特性分析与优化[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(19):46-53.
[7]张业祥,赵刚,章翔,等.液压挖掘机工作装置有限元分析[J].现代制造工程,2016(2):89-63.
[8]陈华,胡伟平,马爱军,等.基于振动响应特性的结构随机振动损伤分析[J].机械设计与研究,2017,33(3):21-25.
[9]方吉,李季涛,王悦东,等.基于随机振动理论的焊接结构疲劳寿命概率预测方法研究[J].工程力学,2016,33(3):24-30.
[10]杨中梁.卫星的随机振动疲劳寿命预测方法研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.
[11]赵礼辉,郑松林,冯金芝.基于低载强化特性的疲劳寿命估计方法[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(8):115-122.
[12]刘迪辉,朱睿,贺尧.基于实测载荷的传动轴疲劳寿命分析[J].机械强度,2016,38(6):1312-1317.
[13]左芳君.机械结构的疲劳寿命预测与可靠性方法研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2016:20-23.
[14]王登峰,张帅,陈辉,等.基于疲劳试验的车轮拓扑优化和多目标优化[J].汽车工程,2017(12):1351-1361.
[15]丁智平,王卫峰,贺才春,等.基于Isight的橡胶动力吸振器参数化优化[J].机械设计与研究,2016,32(6):126-129.