商业模式创新视角下后发企业颠覆式创新机理——基于智能手机行业的多案例扎根分析
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摘要
商业模式创新是后发企业竞争优势的重要来源,探明后发企业通过商业模式创新实现颠覆的"黑箱"机制,已成为亟待解决的关键性问题。本文基于商业模式创新的新视角,探讨后发企业颠覆式创新的内隐机制,揭示了颠覆过程如何启动、颠覆动力如何持续等内在机理。收集整理华为、小米、OPPO、vivo四家智能手机后发企业的案例资料,采用多案例研究与扎根理论结合的方法,构建商业模式创新视角下后发企业颠覆式创新的机理模型。结果显示:基于用户价值体系迁移方向的价值主张设计、价值网络重构、盈利模式创新、关键资源能力强化等构成了颠覆启动机制,而隔离能力和企业柔性则构成了颠覆长效机制。最后,本文为后发企业提出了强化用户价值体系迁移感知能力、建立多元化的柔性机制、促进技术创新与商业模式创新深度融合的建议。
Business model innovation is an important source of competitive advantage for latecomers, and it has become a key problem to explore the "black box" mechanism for latecomers to realize subversion through business model innovation. From the new perspective of business model innovation, the paper expounds the implicit mechanism of disruptive innovations done by latecomer firms and reveals the intrinsic mechanism such as how the disruptive process initiates and how the disruptive power sustains. First of all, the paper collects and collates the case information of 4 latecomer firms of smart phone including Huawei, Xiaomi, OPPO, and vivo. Then, with adoption of case study combined with grounded theory, the paper constructs the mechanism model of disruptive innovation of latecomers from the perspective of business model innovation. Results show that, the value proposition design, the reconstruction of value network, the innovation of profit model and the strengthening of key resource capacity based on the migration direction of user value system constitute the disruption initiation mechanism, while the isolation ability and enterprise flexibility constitute the disruption continuous mechanism. Finally, this paper puts forward suggestions to strengthen the perception of user value system migration, establish diversified flexible mechanism, and promote the deep integration of technology innovation and business model innovation.
Business model innovation is an important source of competitive advantage for latecomers, and it has become a key problem to explore the "black box" mechanism for latecomers to realize subversion through business model innovation. From the new perspective of business model innovation, the paper expounds the implicit mechanism of disruptive innovations done by latecomer firms and reveals the intrinsic mechanism such as how the disruptive process initiates and how the disruptive power sustains. First of all, the paper collects and collates the case information of 4 latecomer firms of smart phone including Huawei, Xiaomi, OPPO, and vivo. Then, with adoption of case study combined with grounded theory, the paper constructs the mechanism model of disruptive innovation of latecomers from the perspective of business model innovation. Results show that, the value proposition design, the reconstruction of value network, the innovation of profit model and the strengthening of key resource capacity based on the migration direction of user value system constitute the disruption initiation mechanism, while the isolation ability and enterprise flexibility constitute the disruption continuous mechanism. Finally, this paper puts forward suggestions to strengthen the perception of user value system migration, establish diversified flexible mechanism, and promote the deep integration of technology innovation and business model innovation.
引文
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[2]Christensen, Cla yton M. The innovators solution:creating and sustaining successful growth[M].Harvard Business School Press, 2005.
[3]Wei Z, Yang D, Sun B, et al.. The fit between technological innovation and business model design for firm growth:evidence from China[J].R&D Management, 2014, 44(3):288-305.
[4]Thomond, Lettice. Disruptive Innovation:Removing the Innovators'Dilemma[J].British Academy of Management.2003,10(1):1-15.
[5]Danneels E.. Disruptive Technology Reconsidered:A Critique and Research Agenda[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management, 2004, 21(4):246–258.
[6]张枢盛,陈继祥.颠覆式创新演进、机理及路径选择研究[J].商业经济与管理,2013,(5).
[7]张枢盛,陈继祥.颠覆式创新的框架分析及技术的角色[J].科技进步与对策,2013,(2).
[8]王俊娜,李纪珍,禇文博.颠覆式创新的价值系统分析——以广东省LED照明行业为例[J].科学学研究,2012,(4).
[9]周洋,张庆普.高端颠覆式创新的技术演进轨迹和市场扩散路径[J].研究与发展管理,2017,(6).
[10]Christensen C M, Raynor M, Mcdonald R..What is disruptive inn ovation?[J].Harvard Business Review,2015,93(12):44-53.
[11]C Markides. Disruptive Innovation:In Need of Better Theory[J].Journal of Product Innovation Management,2006,23(1):19-25.
[12]Guttentag D.. Airbnb:disruptive innovation and the rise of an informal tourism accommodation sector[J].Current Issues in Tourism, 2015, 18(12):1192-1217.
[13]吴佩,姚亚伟,陈继祥.后发企业颠覆式创新最新研究进展与展望[J].软科学,2016,(9).
[14]王炳成,许长宇.破坏性创新商业模式的成长路径研究[J].科技进步与对策,2010,(16).
[15]徐德力.互联网领域商业模式颠覆式创新分析[J].商业研究,2013,(3).
[16]臧树伟,潘璇,孙倩敏.动态环境下的后发企业追赶研究——基于商业模式创新视角[J].经济与管理研究,2018,(8).
[17]Yin R K.. Case study research:design and methods[J].Journal of Advanced Nursing,2010,44(1):108-108.
[18]Corbin J.. Grounded Theory[J].Journal of positive psychology, 2017, 12(3):301-302.