基于粗糙集理论的城市生态林地土壤肥力评价研究
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摘要
以北京大兴区白皮松林、白蜡林、油松林、国槐林4种城市生态林地为研究对象,将以主观经验评价为特征的特尔斐法和以客观赋权为基本内容的粗糙集理论相结合进行林地土壤肥力的综合评价。结果表明:城市生态林对土壤肥力具有明显的改善作用,其中不同城市生态林地的全氮、有效磷、速效钾和有机质平均比对照提高了75.00%、191.16%、43.48%、67.69%;林地pH值也有明显变化,其中白皮松林地、白蜡林地、油松林地、国槐林地分别比对照荒地下降了3.44%、2.55%、3.10%、22.59%。由土壤肥力综合评价可知,不同林地土壤肥力由优到劣为国槐林地(7.1)>白蜡林地(5.6)>白皮松林地(4.6)>油松林地(3.6)> CK(2.4)。
To evaluate the soil fertility of Pinus bungeana forests, Fraxinus chinensis forests, Pinus tabulaeformis forests and Sophora japonica forests, with the control of the abandoned land, the study combined the subjective method with the objective method. The results of the comprehensive evaluation based on Delphi method and rough set theory showed that the four kinds of urban ecological forests had a significant improvement on soil fertility. Compared with the abandoned land,the total N, available P, available K and organic matter in different urban ecological forest lands were increased by 75.00%, 191.16%, 43.48% and 67.69% on average.Soil integrated fertility index(IFI) followed the order of Sophora japonica forests(7.1) > Fraxinus chinensis forests(5.6) > Pinus bungeana forests(4.6) > Pinus tabulaeformis forests(3.6) > the abandoned land(2.4).
To evaluate the soil fertility of Pinus bungeana forests, Fraxinus chinensis forests, Pinus tabulaeformis forests and Sophora japonica forests, with the control of the abandoned land, the study combined the subjective method with the objective method. The results of the comprehensive evaluation based on Delphi method and rough set theory showed that the four kinds of urban ecological forests had a significant improvement on soil fertility. Compared with the abandoned land,the total N, available P, available K and organic matter in different urban ecological forest lands were increased by 75.00%, 191.16%, 43.48% and 67.69% on average.Soil integrated fertility index(IFI) followed the order of Sophora japonica forests(7.1) > Fraxinus chinensis forests(5.6) > Pinus bungeana forests(4.6) > Pinus tabulaeformis forests(3.6) > the abandoned land(2.4).
引文
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[2]彭玉华,黄小荣,申文辉,等.林型差异对土壤理化性状及其持水能力的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(8):1-5+17.
[3]卢瑛,甘海华,史正军,等.深圳城市绿地土壤肥力质量评价及管理对策[J].水土保持学报,2005(1):153-156.
[4]刘桂民,陈苗苗,李存华,等.黄河三角洲盐碱地人工林土壤肥力质量的综合评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(10):6-9.
[5]张连金,赖光辉,孙长忠,等.北京九龙山不同林分土壤肥力诊断与综合评价[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(1):1-6.
[6]MaJ,FanZ,HuangL. Asubjectiveandobjectiveintegrated approach to determine attributeweights[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 1999, 112(2):397-404.
[7]Wang T, Lee H. Developing a fuzzy TOPSIS approach based on subjectiveweightsandobjectiveweights[J].ExpertSystems with Applications, 2009, 36(5):8980-8985.
[8]Rao R V, Patel B K. A subjective and objective integrated multipleattributedecisionmakingmethodformaterial selection[J]. Materials&Design, 2010, 31(10):4738-4747.
[9]Zhang B, Zhang Y, Chen D, et al. A quantitative evaluation system of soil productivity for intensive agriculture in China[J].Geoderma, 2004, 123(3):319-331.
[10]邓宝.基于组合赋权法的指标权重确定方法研究与应用[J].电子信息对抗技术,2016,31(1):12-16.
[11]李惠通,张芸,魏志超,等.不同发育阶段杉木人工林土壤肥力分析[J].林业科学研究,2017,30(2):322-328.
[12]刘洁,李茗,吴立潮.南方红壤区油茶林土壤肥力质量指标及评价[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(4):73-80.
[13]许仙菊,马洪波,陈杰,等.基于养分丰缺诊断和主成分分析相结合的桑园土壤肥力评价[J].土壤,2013,45(3):470-476.
[14]宋苏苏,黄林,陈勇.基于粗糙集的土壤肥力组合评价研究[J].农机化研究,2011,33(12):10-13.
[15]叶回春,张世文,黄元仿,等.粗糙集理论在土壤肥力评价指标权重确定中的应用[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(4):710-717.
[16]王伟东,王渭玲,徐福利,等.秦岭西部中幼龄华北落叶松林地土壤养分与酶活性特征研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015, 21(4):1032-1039.
[17]魏新,郑小锋,张硕新.秦岭火地塘不同海拔梯度森林土壤理化性质研究[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(3):9-14.
[18]杨晓娟,王海燕,刘玲,等.不同林龄长白落叶松人工林土壤肥力[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(3):51-56.
[19]周伟,王文杰,张波,等.长春城市森林绿地土壤肥力评价[J].生态学报,2017,37(4):1211-1220.
[20]赵伟红,康峰峰,韩海荣,等.冀北辽河源地区不同林龄油松天然次生林土壤理化特征的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(3):1-8.
[21]高微微,康颖,卢宏,等.城市森林不同林型下土壤基本理化特性及土壤真菌多样性[J].东北林业大学学报,2016, 44(3):89-94, 100.
[22]ElserJJ,SternerR W,GorokhovaE,etal.Biological stoichiometry from genes to ecosystem. Ecology Letters, 2000,3(6):540-550.
[23]邵国栋.山东省主要山地不同林分类型土壤质量状况及评价[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2017.
[24]陈钦程,徐福利,王渭玲,等.秦岭北麓不同林龄华北落叶松土壤速效钾变化规律[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014, 20(5):1243-1249.
[25]Karlen D L, Stott D E. A framework for evaluating physical and chemical indictors of soil quality[J].SSSA Special Publication(USA), 1994(35):53-72.
[26]刘效东,乔玉娜,周国逸.土壤有机质对土壤水分保持及其有效性的控制作用[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(12):1209-1218.
[27]郭晓利.谈谈土壤有机质的成分和在土壤肥力上的作用[J].内蒙古草业,2013,25(1):19-20.
[28]张彩红,茹豪,武秀娟,等.庞泉沟流域土壤粒径分形维数特征[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(11):83-88.
[29]王广月,崔海丽,李倩.基于粗糙集理论的边坡稳定性评价中因素权重确定方法的研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(8):2418-2422.
[30]苗夺谦,李道国.粗糙集理论、算法与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008:41-43.
[31]王伟,马履一,贾忠奎,等.河北平泉地区油松人工林生长过程的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(6):13-17.