后生产主义乡村:乡村振兴的一个理论视角
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摘要
在后现代主义的语境下,对乡村生产主义的反思产生了"后生产主义乡村"这一概念。西方后生产主义模式的驱动因素是多样的,在发达国家甚至在一些发展中国家,都出现了一些后生产主义乡村的经验证据。在中国城市化的发展进程中,传统乡村的结构发生了变化,随之而来的就是乡村的功能也发生了变化,主要表现为乡村生产性功能的消解及其向非生产性功能的转化。中国后生产主义乡村功能可能有三种表现形式,即重新发现"农耕文化"的价值,重构"生活、生态与生产"兼具的乡村功能,以及发掘"乡村性"对于城市工业文明的意义。
In the context of post-modernism, the concept of the post-productivist countryside has emerged. The driving factors of the emergence of the post-productivist models in the West are diverse. In developed countries and even some developing countries, a transition from the productivist to post-productivist countryside is evident. During the urbanization process in China, traditional rural structures have been experiencing tremendous changes, followed by changes in rural functions. The evidence is mainly manifested as the dissolution of rural productive functions and its transformation into non-productive functions. There are three possible ways of development in the transformation from the productivist to post-productivist countryside in China, namely, rediscovering the value of rural "farming culture", reconstructing rural functions of "life, ecology and production", and exploring the significance of "rurality" to urban industrial civilization.
In the context of post-modernism, the concept of the post-productivist countryside has emerged. The driving factors of the emergence of the post-productivist models in the West are diverse. In developed countries and even some developing countries, a transition from the productivist to post-productivist countryside is evident. During the urbanization process in China, traditional rural structures have been experiencing tremendous changes, followed by changes in rural functions. The evidence is mainly manifested as the dissolution of rural productive functions and its transformation into non-productive functions. There are three possible ways of development in the transformation from the productivist to post-productivist countryside in China, namely, rediscovering the value of rural "farming culture", reconstructing rural functions of "life, ecology and production", and exploring the significance of "rurality" to urban industrial civilization.
引文
1.埃比尼泽·霍华德,2000:《明日的田园城市》,金经元译,北京:商务印书馆。
2.高敏、刘畅、周馨,2016:《规划60年:成就与挑战--2016中国城市规划年会论文集(15乡村规划)》,北京:中国建筑工业出版社。
3.李伯华、刘沛林、窦银娣,2012:《转型期欠发达地区乡村人居环境演变特征及微观机制--以湖北省红安县二程镇为例》,《人文地理》第6期。
4.龙先琼、杜成材,2008:《存在与表达--论地方性知识的历史叙述》,《吉首大学学报(社会科学版)》第3期。
5.史蒂文·康纳,2004:《后现代主义文化--当代理论导引》,严忠志译,北京:商务印书馆。
6.苏静,2017:《重塑乡村生活场景推动城乡一体化发展》,《长江论坛》第6期。
7.王常伟、顾海英,2012:《生产主义?后生产主义?--论新中国农业政策观念的变迁与选择》,《经济体制改革》第3期。
8.王瑞璠、王鹏飞,2017:《后生产主义下消费农村的理论和实践》,《首都师范大学学报(自然科学版)》第1期。
9.文军,2012:《农村社区建设:乡村结构变迁中的新治理》,《探索与争鸣》第11期。
10.吴可人,2015:《长三角地区乡村空间变迁特点、存在的问题及对策建议》,《农业现代化研究》第4期。
11.谢秋运,2004:《走上乡村政治前台的“城归”精英》,《社会》第2期。
12.杨雪、谈明洪,2014:《近年来北京市耕地多功能演变及其关联性》,《自然资源学报》第5期。
13.余斌、卢燕、曾菊新、朱媛媛,2017:《乡村生活空间研究进展及展望》,《地理科学》第3期。
14.张京祥、申明锐、赵晨,2014:《乡村复兴:生产主义和后生产主义下的中国乡村转型》,《国际城市规划》第5期。
15.张甜、刘焱序、王仰麟,2017:《恢复力视角下的乡村空间演变与重构》,《生态学报》第7期。
16.张晓阳、霍达,2009:《我国格网式村庄布局的形式、问题及改造》,《北京工业大学学报》第7期。
17.张原,2014:《从“乡土性”到“地方感”:文化遗产的现代性承载》,《西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版)》第4期。
18.周怡,2000:《社会结构:由“形构”到“解构”--结构功能主义、结构主义和后结构主义理论之走向》,《社会学研究》第3期。
19.Reichel A,Lowengart O,M.Ady.,2000,“Rural tourism in Israel,service quality and orientation”,Tourism Management,21(5):451-459.
20.?sa,A.,K.Svante,L.Linda,B.Patrick,and M.??astná,2014,“Beyond post-productivism:from rural policy discourse to rural diversity”,European Countryside,6(4):297-306.
21.Almstedt,A.,2013,“Post-productivism in rural areas:A contested Concept”,in Lundmark,L.,and C.Sandstr?m(eds.)Natural resources and regional development theory,Sweden:Institutionen f?r geografi och ekonomisk historia,Ume?Universitet,pp.8-22.
22.Evans,N.,2002,“Conceptualizing agriculture:a critique of post-productivism as the new orthodoxy”,Progress in Human Geography,26(3):313-332.
23.Mather,A.S.,2006,“Post-productivism and rural land use:cul de sac or challenge for theorization?”,Journal of Rural Studies,22(4):441-455.
24.Shucksmith,M.,2010,“Farm Household Behaviour and the Transition to Post-productivism”,Journal of agricultural economics,44(3):466-478.
25.Wilson,GA.,2001,“From productivism to post-productivism...and back again?Exploring the(un)changed natural and mental landscapes of European agriculture”,Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,26(1):77-102.
26.Wilson,GA.,2004,“The Australian Landcare movement:towards'post-productivist'rural governance?”,Journal of Rural Studies,20(4):461-484.
(1)参见《农民工返乡创业人数达450万》,网址:http://leaders.people.com.cn/n1/2016/1202/c347621-28920601.html
2.高敏、刘畅、周馨,2016:《规划60年:成就与挑战--2016中国城市规划年会论文集(15乡村规划)》,北京:中国建筑工业出版社。
3.李伯华、刘沛林、窦银娣,2012:《转型期欠发达地区乡村人居环境演变特征及微观机制--以湖北省红安县二程镇为例》,《人文地理》第6期。
4.龙先琼、杜成材,2008:《存在与表达--论地方性知识的历史叙述》,《吉首大学学报(社会科学版)》第3期。
5.史蒂文·康纳,2004:《后现代主义文化--当代理论导引》,严忠志译,北京:商务印书馆。
6.苏静,2017:《重塑乡村生活场景推动城乡一体化发展》,《长江论坛》第6期。
7.王常伟、顾海英,2012:《生产主义?后生产主义?--论新中国农业政策观念的变迁与选择》,《经济体制改革》第3期。
8.王瑞璠、王鹏飞,2017:《后生产主义下消费农村的理论和实践》,《首都师范大学学报(自然科学版)》第1期。
9.文军,2012:《农村社区建设:乡村结构变迁中的新治理》,《探索与争鸣》第11期。
10.吴可人,2015:《长三角地区乡村空间变迁特点、存在的问题及对策建议》,《农业现代化研究》第4期。
11.谢秋运,2004:《走上乡村政治前台的“城归”精英》,《社会》第2期。
12.杨雪、谈明洪,2014:《近年来北京市耕地多功能演变及其关联性》,《自然资源学报》第5期。
13.余斌、卢燕、曾菊新、朱媛媛,2017:《乡村生活空间研究进展及展望》,《地理科学》第3期。
14.张京祥、申明锐、赵晨,2014:《乡村复兴:生产主义和后生产主义下的中国乡村转型》,《国际城市规划》第5期。
15.张甜、刘焱序、王仰麟,2017:《恢复力视角下的乡村空间演变与重构》,《生态学报》第7期。
16.张晓阳、霍达,2009:《我国格网式村庄布局的形式、问题及改造》,《北京工业大学学报》第7期。
17.张原,2014:《从“乡土性”到“地方感”:文化遗产的现代性承载》,《西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版)》第4期。
18.周怡,2000:《社会结构:由“形构”到“解构”--结构功能主义、结构主义和后结构主义理论之走向》,《社会学研究》第3期。
19.Reichel A,Lowengart O,M.Ady.,2000,“Rural tourism in Israel,service quality and orientation”,Tourism Management,21(5):451-459.
20.?sa,A.,K.Svante,L.Linda,B.Patrick,and M.??astná,2014,“Beyond post-productivism:from rural policy discourse to rural diversity”,European Countryside,6(4):297-306.
21.Almstedt,A.,2013,“Post-productivism in rural areas:A contested Concept”,in Lundmark,L.,and C.Sandstr?m(eds.)Natural resources and regional development theory,Sweden:Institutionen f?r geografi och ekonomisk historia,Ume?Universitet,pp.8-22.
22.Evans,N.,2002,“Conceptualizing agriculture:a critique of post-productivism as the new orthodoxy”,Progress in Human Geography,26(3):313-332.
23.Mather,A.S.,2006,“Post-productivism and rural land use:cul de sac or challenge for theorization?”,Journal of Rural Studies,22(4):441-455.
24.Shucksmith,M.,2010,“Farm Household Behaviour and the Transition to Post-productivism”,Journal of agricultural economics,44(3):466-478.
25.Wilson,GA.,2001,“From productivism to post-productivism...and back again?Exploring the(un)changed natural and mental landscapes of European agriculture”,Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,26(1):77-102.
26.Wilson,GA.,2004,“The Australian Landcare movement:towards'post-productivist'rural governance?”,Journal of Rural Studies,20(4):461-484.
(1)参见《农民工返乡创业人数达450万》,网址:http://leaders.people.com.cn/n1/2016/1202/c347621-28920601.html