组织协同知识共享机制优化研究
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摘要
组织协同知识共享对于组织获取竞争优势与实现可持续发展至关重要,科学合理地优化组织知识共享机制对于提升组织绩效具有重要意义与价值。然而从现有相关文献来看,学者们针对组织知识共享机制有着较为不同的理解,且大多仅涉及理论层面,对实践的研究少之又少。针对借助何种组织知识共享形式来提高组织知识共享效果的问题,根据协同机制原理系统梳理、整合和分析固有组织知识共享相关研究成果存在的问题,最终实现构建组织协同知识共享模型。在此基础上,鉴于组织协同知识共享系统内部要素间存在复杂关联作用关系,借鉴ANP方法,提出从组织知识共享整体协同度方面整合优化组织协同知识共享系统复杂作用的决策方法。最后,通过案例应用验证所提方法的实践应用可行性。结果表明,上述方法切实可行,组织知识共享协同度能够较好地体现出组织知识共享整体效果,对提升组织知识共享能力、创造企业竞争优势和实现企业可持续发展具有一定的理论借鉴意义。
Organizational collaborative knowledge sharing is crucial for organizations to gain competitive advantage and achieve sustainable development.It is of great significance and value to optimize the organizational knowledge sharing mechanism scientifically and reasonably to improve organizational performance.However,from the existing literature,different scholars have different understanding of organizational knowledge sharing mechanism,more theory than practice,and research on measures and models of organizational knowledge sharing effectiveness is relatively rare.Aiming at the problem of improving the effect of organizational knowledge sharing by which means of organizational knowledge sharing,this paper systematically sorts out,integrates and analyzes the problems existing in the research results of inherent organizational knowledge sharing based on the principle of collaborative mechanism,and ultimately to establish a collaborative knowledge sharing model.On this basis,in view of the complex relationship between the internal elements of the organization collaborative knowledge-sharing system and the ANP method,this paper puts forward the decision-making method for the complex function of the integrated organization and knowledge sharing system in the aspect of the overall degree of organizational knowledge sharing.Finally,a practical application of the proposed method is verified through a case study.The results show that the above method is feasible,and the synergy degree of organizational knowledge sharing can better reflect the overall effect of organizational knowledge sharing.This has certain theoretical referential value for improving the organizational knowledge sharing ability,creating enterprise competitive advantage and realizing the sustainable development.
Organizational collaborative knowledge sharing is crucial for organizations to gain competitive advantage and achieve sustainable development.It is of great significance and value to optimize the organizational knowledge sharing mechanism scientifically and reasonably to improve organizational performance.However,from the existing literature,different scholars have different understanding of organizational knowledge sharing mechanism,more theory than practice,and research on measures and models of organizational knowledge sharing effectiveness is relatively rare.Aiming at the problem of improving the effect of organizational knowledge sharing by which means of organizational knowledge sharing,this paper systematically sorts out,integrates and analyzes the problems existing in the research results of inherent organizational knowledge sharing based on the principle of collaborative mechanism,and ultimately to establish a collaborative knowledge sharing model.On this basis,in view of the complex relationship between the internal elements of the organization collaborative knowledge-sharing system and the ANP method,this paper puts forward the decision-making method for the complex function of the integrated organization and knowledge sharing system in the aspect of the overall degree of organizational knowledge sharing.Finally,a practical application of the proposed method is verified through a case study.The results show that the above method is feasible,and the synergy degree of organizational knowledge sharing can better reflect the overall effect of organizational knowledge sharing.This has certain theoretical referential value for improving the organizational knowledge sharing ability,creating enterprise competitive advantage and realizing the sustainable development.
引文
[1]施建刚,林陵娜,唐代中.整合个体激励和团队激励的多主体项目团队成员知识共享激励[J].系统工程,2015(4):37-45.
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[3]宋保林,谈新敏.技术知识共享研究———基于企业技术创新视角[J].科学管理研究,2011(2):21-24.
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[6]郑国光,李怀祖.基于知识共享的软件开发组织协作模式研究[J].情报杂志,2007(11):2-4.
[7]朱少英,齐二石.组织学习中群体间知识共享行为影响因素分析[J].管理学报,2009(4):478-481.
[8] KHAMSEH H M,JOLLY D. Knowledge transfer in alliances:The moderating role of the alliance type[J]. Knowledge Management Research&Practice,2014(4):409-420.
[9] RAAB K J,AMBOS B,TALLMAN S. Strong or invisible hands?———Managerial involvement in the knowledge sharing process of globally dispersed knowledge groups[J]. Journal of World Business,2014(1):32-41.
[10]赵倩,武忠.面向业务流程的知识共享模型研究[J].情报杂志,2007(9):84-86.
[11] KIM S,LEE H. The impact of organizational context and information technology on employee knowledge-sharing capabilities[J]. Public Administration Review,2006(3):370-385.
[12] MARYAM A,DOROTHY E L,郑文全.知识管理和知识管理系统:概念基础和研究课题[J].管理世界,2012(5):157-169.
[13]邵波,胡元蛟.基于社会网络的知识创新与共享模型构建与分析[J].情报杂志,2011(12):135-139.
[14] MULA J,VICEDO J. A social network-based organizational model for improving knowledge management in supply chains[J]. Supply Chain Management,2011(4):284-293.
[15] LIN C Y,HO Y H,MA C Y. Application of knowledge management and e-learning integration mechanism[J]. International Journal of Electronic Business Management,2004(2):100-107.
[16]张旭华.区域开放创新、知识整合与创新绩效:基于EC2SLS模型的实证研究[J].重庆理工大学学报(社会科学),2017(11):41-49.
[17] RASHED,EEM A,HALIM Z. Effect of information and knowledge sharing on supply chain performance:A survey based approach[J]. Journal of Operations&Supply Chain Management,2010(2):61-77.
[18] ZHANG X,PABLOS P,ZHOU Z. Effect of knowledge sharing visibility on incentive-based relationship in electronic knowledge management systems:an empirical investigation[J]. Computers in Human Behavior,2013(2):307-313.
[19] ZARRAGA C,BONACHE J. Assessing the team environment for knowledge sharing:An empirical analysis[J]. International Journal of Human Resource Management,2003(7):1227-1245.
[20] HOOFF,VIJVERS J,RIDDER J D. Foundations and applications of a knowledge management scan[J]. European Management Journal,2003(2):237-246.
[21] MAAMRI H,TRIKI A. Distributors’knowledge sharing competency(DKSC):Scale generation and development process[J]. Journal of Knowledge Management Economics&Information Technology,2013(3):8.
[22] AKHAVAN P,HOSSEINI S M. Social capital,knowledge sharing,and innovation capability:An empirical study of R&D teams in Iran[J]. Technology Analysis&Strategic Management,2016(1):96-113.
[23] KUMARASWAMY,CHITALE C M. Collaborative knowledge sharing strategy to enhance organizational learning[J]. Journal of Management Development,2013(3):308-322.
[24] SAATY T L. Time dependent decision-making; dynamic priorities in the AHP/ANP:Generalizing from points to functions and from real to complex variables[J]. Mathematical&Computer Modelling,2007(7/8):860-891.
[25] MA W,WK. Understanding online knowledge sharing:An interpersonal relationship perspective[J]. Computers&Education,2011,56(1):210-219.
[26] HELLER. A knowledge flow model for peer-to-peer team knowledge sharing and management[J]. Expert Systems with Applications,2012(1):23-30.
[27] SWIFT. Correlations of attitude to avoid sharing risk and trust with informal knowledge sharing[J]. International Journal of Economics Business&Management Studies,2013(3):57-69.
[28] MARTIN T. Knowledge sharing at work:An examination of organizational antecedents[J]. Proquest Llc,2015(3):75-84.
[29] WICHERTS J M,BAKKER M,MOLENAAR D. Willingness to share research data is related to the strength of the evidence and the quality of reporting of statistical results[J]. Plos One,2011(11):268-283.
[30] GORMAN P A. Virtual team interaction:Assessment,consequences,and management[J]. Team Performance Management,2012(7):131-137.
[31] MASI F A. An efficient frontier in organization design:Organizational structure as a determinant of exploration and exploitation[J]. Social Science Electronic Publishing,2013(4):1083-1101.
[32] SHAHHOSSEINI. Trust,partner selection and innovation outcome in collaborative new product development[J]. Production Planning&Control,2015(2/3):1-13.
[33] NESBIT P L. Group and organization management[J]. Group&Organization Management,2014(4):389-415.
[34] MOWERY D C. University-industry collaboration and technology transfer in Hong Kong and knowledge-based economic growth[J]. International Journal of Economics Business&Management Studies,2010(7):67-79.
[35] BASTIAN R. Tacit knowledge sharing between IT workers:The role of organizational culture,personality,and social environment[J]. Management Research Review,2012(1):171-183.
[36] MARKNOUNINEJAD T. Competition,cooperation and collective choice[J]. Economic Journal,2014,574:163-195.
[2] SAMADDAR S,KADIYALA S S. An analysis of interorganizational resource sharing decisions in collaborative knowledge creation[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,2006(1):192-210.
[3]宋保林,谈新敏.技术知识共享研究———基于企业技术创新视角[J].科学管理研究,2011(2):21-24.
[4] GOMES-CASSERES B,HAGEDOOM J,JAFFE A B. Do alliance promote knowledge flows?[J]. Knowledge Management Research&Practice,2006(1):5-33.
[5] DAVISON R M,MARTINSONS M G. Information technology to support informal knowledge sharing[J]. Information Systems Journal,2013(1):89-109.
[6]郑国光,李怀祖.基于知识共享的软件开发组织协作模式研究[J].情报杂志,2007(11):2-4.
[7]朱少英,齐二石.组织学习中群体间知识共享行为影响因素分析[J].管理学报,2009(4):478-481.
[8] KHAMSEH H M,JOLLY D. Knowledge transfer in alliances:The moderating role of the alliance type[J]. Knowledge Management Research&Practice,2014(4):409-420.
[9] RAAB K J,AMBOS B,TALLMAN S. Strong or invisible hands?———Managerial involvement in the knowledge sharing process of globally dispersed knowledge groups[J]. Journal of World Business,2014(1):32-41.
[10]赵倩,武忠.面向业务流程的知识共享模型研究[J].情报杂志,2007(9):84-86.
[11] KIM S,LEE H. The impact of organizational context and information technology on employee knowledge-sharing capabilities[J]. Public Administration Review,2006(3):370-385.
[12] MARYAM A,DOROTHY E L,郑文全.知识管理和知识管理系统:概念基础和研究课题[J].管理世界,2012(5):157-169.
[13]邵波,胡元蛟.基于社会网络的知识创新与共享模型构建与分析[J].情报杂志,2011(12):135-139.
[14] MULA J,VICEDO J. A social network-based organizational model for improving knowledge management in supply chains[J]. Supply Chain Management,2011(4):284-293.
[15] LIN C Y,HO Y H,MA C Y. Application of knowledge management and e-learning integration mechanism[J]. International Journal of Electronic Business Management,2004(2):100-107.
[16]张旭华.区域开放创新、知识整合与创新绩效:基于EC2SLS模型的实证研究[J].重庆理工大学学报(社会科学),2017(11):41-49.
[17] RASHED,EEM A,HALIM Z. Effect of information and knowledge sharing on supply chain performance:A survey based approach[J]. Journal of Operations&Supply Chain Management,2010(2):61-77.
[18] ZHANG X,PABLOS P,ZHOU Z. Effect of knowledge sharing visibility on incentive-based relationship in electronic knowledge management systems:an empirical investigation[J]. Computers in Human Behavior,2013(2):307-313.
[19] ZARRAGA C,BONACHE J. Assessing the team environment for knowledge sharing:An empirical analysis[J]. International Journal of Human Resource Management,2003(7):1227-1245.
[20] HOOFF,VIJVERS J,RIDDER J D. Foundations and applications of a knowledge management scan[J]. European Management Journal,2003(2):237-246.
[21] MAAMRI H,TRIKI A. Distributors’knowledge sharing competency(DKSC):Scale generation and development process[J]. Journal of Knowledge Management Economics&Information Technology,2013(3):8.
[22] AKHAVAN P,HOSSEINI S M. Social capital,knowledge sharing,and innovation capability:An empirical study of R&D teams in Iran[J]. Technology Analysis&Strategic Management,2016(1):96-113.
[23] KUMARASWAMY,CHITALE C M. Collaborative knowledge sharing strategy to enhance organizational learning[J]. Journal of Management Development,2013(3):308-322.
[24] SAATY T L. Time dependent decision-making; dynamic priorities in the AHP/ANP:Generalizing from points to functions and from real to complex variables[J]. Mathematical&Computer Modelling,2007(7/8):860-891.
[25] MA W,WK. Understanding online knowledge sharing:An interpersonal relationship perspective[J]. Computers&Education,2011,56(1):210-219.
[26] HELLER. A knowledge flow model for peer-to-peer team knowledge sharing and management[J]. Expert Systems with Applications,2012(1):23-30.
[27] SWIFT. Correlations of attitude to avoid sharing risk and trust with informal knowledge sharing[J]. International Journal of Economics Business&Management Studies,2013(3):57-69.
[28] MARTIN T. Knowledge sharing at work:An examination of organizational antecedents[J]. Proquest Llc,2015(3):75-84.
[29] WICHERTS J M,BAKKER M,MOLENAAR D. Willingness to share research data is related to the strength of the evidence and the quality of reporting of statistical results[J]. Plos One,2011(11):268-283.
[30] GORMAN P A. Virtual team interaction:Assessment,consequences,and management[J]. Team Performance Management,2012(7):131-137.
[31] MASI F A. An efficient frontier in organization design:Organizational structure as a determinant of exploration and exploitation[J]. Social Science Electronic Publishing,2013(4):1083-1101.
[32] SHAHHOSSEINI. Trust,partner selection and innovation outcome in collaborative new product development[J]. Production Planning&Control,2015(2/3):1-13.
[33] NESBIT P L. Group and organization management[J]. Group&Organization Management,2014(4):389-415.
[34] MOWERY D C. University-industry collaboration and technology transfer in Hong Kong and knowledge-based economic growth[J]. International Journal of Economics Business&Management Studies,2010(7):67-79.
[35] BASTIAN R. Tacit knowledge sharing between IT workers:The role of organizational culture,personality,and social environment[J]. Management Research Review,2012(1):171-183.
[36] MARKNOUNINEJAD T. Competition,cooperation and collective choice[J]. Economic Journal,2014,574:163-195.