山西陵川南方红豆杉群落优势种生态位特征
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摘要
为合理开发和保护山西濒危植物南方红豆杉资源提供依据,采用Levins生态位宽度、Pianka生态位重叠和生态位相似性指数计算法,分析了山西陵川南方红豆杉群落25个优势种生态位特征。结果表明:(1)山西陵川南方红豆杉群落25个优势种中,生态位宽度值相对较大的为鹅耳枥(1.464)、苔草(1.450)和南方红豆杉(1.400),而淫羊藿(0.049)、陕西荚蒾(0.862)和臭梧桐(0.936)的生态位宽度值相对较小;(2)25个优势种的生态位普遍产生重叠,重叠程度在0.4以上的种对有186对,占总数的62%,表明种间竞争激烈;(3)生态位相似性比例在0.4以上的种对有156对,占总数的52%,表明优势种对资源的利用相似程度较大。(4)生态位宽度大的群落优势种,其具有较强的竞争力,对环境以及资源的利用能力较强,与其它物种间的生态位重叠值较大,生态位相似性比例也较高。
To provide data for the effective utilization and protection of endangered plant Taxus chinensis var. mairei resources in Shanxi, we analyzed the niche characteristics of 25 dominant species of T. var. mairei community of the Lingchuan, in Shanxi by using the formulas of Levins niche breadth, Pianka niche overlap and the niche similarity. The results showed are as follows.(1) The 25 dominant species of T. var. mairei community of the Lingchuan in Shanxi, the niche breadth of Carpinus turczaninowii(1.464), Carex spp.(1.450) and T. var. mairei(1.400) were much greater; those of Epimedium brevicornu(0.049), Viburnum schensianum(0.862) and Clerodendrum trichotomum(0.862) were much smaller.(2) The niche overlap among the 25 dominant species occurred generally, and the species(186) had overlap degree being higher than 0.4, accounting for 62% of total pairs, suggesting the strong competition between species.(3) The species with niche similarity proportion above 0.4 reached to 156, accounting for 52 % in total, indicating that dominant species had a higher similarity proportion in resource utilization.(4) The dominant species in the community with larger niche breadth had stronger competitiveness, and the environment and resource utilization ability was stronger, and had greater niche overlap and niche similarity proportion with other populations.
To provide data for the effective utilization and protection of endangered plant Taxus chinensis var. mairei resources in Shanxi, we analyzed the niche characteristics of 25 dominant species of T. var. mairei community of the Lingchuan, in Shanxi by using the formulas of Levins niche breadth, Pianka niche overlap and the niche similarity. The results showed are as follows.(1) The 25 dominant species of T. var. mairei community of the Lingchuan in Shanxi, the niche breadth of Carpinus turczaninowii(1.464), Carex spp.(1.450) and T. var. mairei(1.400) were much greater; those of Epimedium brevicornu(0.049), Viburnum schensianum(0.862) and Clerodendrum trichotomum(0.862) were much smaller.(2) The niche overlap among the 25 dominant species occurred generally, and the species(186) had overlap degree being higher than 0.4, accounting for 62% of total pairs, suggesting the strong competition between species.(3) The species with niche similarity proportion above 0.4 reached to 156, accounting for 52 % in total, indicating that dominant species had a higher similarity proportion in resource utilization.(4) The dominant species in the community with larger niche breadth had stronger competitiveness, and the environment and resource utilization ability was stronger, and had greater niche overlap and niche similarity proportion with other populations.
引文
[1]毕润成.生态学[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[2]张忠华,梁士楚,胡刚.桂林岩溶石山阴香群落主要种群生态位研究[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(1):63–68.
[3]VANDERMEER J H.Niche theory[J].Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,1972,3:107–132.
[4]陈旭,卜兆君,王升忠,等.长白山哈泥泥炭地七种苔藓植物生态位[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(3):574–578.
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[6]茹文明,张金屯,张峰,等.濒危植物南方红豆杉濒危原因分析[J].植物研究,2006,26(5):624–628.
[7]华振铃,刘芳,王志雄,等.山西陵川的南方红豆杉(Taxus chinensis var.mairei)年轮特征的初步研究[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010,31(6):44–49.
[8]张桂萍.陵川山区野生植物资源研究[J].河南科学,1996,14(增刊):104–106.
[9]李岩.陵川县磨河水库工程建设对山西南方红豆杉自然保护区的影响[J].山西水利科技,2015,45(2):123–125.
[10]李燕芬,铁军,张桂萍,等.山西蟒河国家级自然保护区人工油松林生态位特征[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(11):2905–2912.
[11]白玉芳,毕润成,白玉宏,等.山西太岳山稀有濒危植物脱皮榆群落种间关联[J].广西植物,2014,34(1):56–61.
[12]陈龙涛,高润梅,石晓东.山西蟒河自然保护区南方红豆杉群落生态位研究[J].林业资源管理,2016,45(2):68–73.
[13]茹文明,铁军.南方红豆杉生态学研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012.
[14]铁军,张晶,彭林鹏,等.神农架川金丝猴栖息地优势树种生态位及食源植物[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(3):482–491.
[15]毛空,张殷波,张峰.关帝山森林植被优势种群生态位[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(11):2920–2925.
[16]LEVINS R.Evolution in Changing environments:Some theoretical explorations[M].Princeton:Princeton University Press,1968:158–160.
[17]谢春平.Microsoft Excel 2003在群落生态位参数计算中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(11):4791–4792.
[18]PIANKA,E R.The Structure of Lizard Communities[J].Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,1973,4:53–74.
[19]刘金福,洪伟.格氏栲群落生态学研究——格氏栲林主要种群生态位的研究[J].生态学报,1999,19(3):347–352.
[20]崔丽娟,李伟,赵欣胜,等.采砂迹地型湿地恢复过程中优势种群生态位研究[J].生态科学,2013,32(1):73–77.
[21]刘巍,曹伟.长白山云冷杉群落主要种群生态位特征[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(8):1766–1774.
[22]李箐,骆有庆,石娟,等.阿尔山地区兴安落叶松林下植物种群生态位[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(5):651–658.
[23]史作民,程瑞梅,刘世荣.宝天曼落叶阔叶林种群生态位特征[J].应用生态学报,1999,10(3):265–269.
[24]叶铎,温远光,邓荣艳,等.大明山常绿阔叶林演替序列种群生态位动态特征[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(3):417–423.
[25]柴宗政,王得祥,张丽楠,等.秦岭山地天然油松群落主要植物种群生态位特征[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(8):1917–1923.
[26]刘晓宁,张钦弟,闫明,等.五鹿山国家级自然保护区油松群落优势种生态位研究[J].植物研究,2012,32(6):712–716.
[27]哀建国,吴谷汉,陈锦宇,等.石垟林场省级森林公园常绿阔叶林种群生态位特征[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2006,32(5):576–584.
[28]王念奎,李海燕,荣俊冬,等.突脉青冈群落乔木层优势种群生态位研究[J].福建林学院学报,2010,30(2):128–132.
[2]张忠华,梁士楚,胡刚.桂林岩溶石山阴香群落主要种群生态位研究[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(1):63–68.
[3]VANDERMEER J H.Niche theory[J].Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,1972,3:107–132.
[4]陈旭,卜兆君,王升忠,等.长白山哈泥泥炭地七种苔藓植物生态位[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(3):574–578.
[5]茹文明,张金屯,张桂萍,等.濒危植物南方红豆杉的研究进展[J].长治学院学报,2005,22(5):16–20.
[6]茹文明,张金屯,张峰,等.濒危植物南方红豆杉濒危原因分析[J].植物研究,2006,26(5):624–628.
[7]华振铃,刘芳,王志雄,等.山西陵川的南方红豆杉(Taxus chinensis var.mairei)年轮特征的初步研究[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010,31(6):44–49.
[8]张桂萍.陵川山区野生植物资源研究[J].河南科学,1996,14(增刊):104–106.
[9]李岩.陵川县磨河水库工程建设对山西南方红豆杉自然保护区的影响[J].山西水利科技,2015,45(2):123–125.
[10]李燕芬,铁军,张桂萍,等.山西蟒河国家级自然保护区人工油松林生态位特征[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(11):2905–2912.
[11]白玉芳,毕润成,白玉宏,等.山西太岳山稀有濒危植物脱皮榆群落种间关联[J].广西植物,2014,34(1):56–61.
[12]陈龙涛,高润梅,石晓东.山西蟒河自然保护区南方红豆杉群落生态位研究[J].林业资源管理,2016,45(2):68–73.
[13]茹文明,铁军.南方红豆杉生态学研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2012.
[14]铁军,张晶,彭林鹏,等.神农架川金丝猴栖息地优势树种生态位及食源植物[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(3):482–491.
[15]毛空,张殷波,张峰.关帝山森林植被优势种群生态位[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(11):2920–2925.
[16]LEVINS R.Evolution in Changing environments:Some theoretical explorations[M].Princeton:Princeton University Press,1968:158–160.
[17]谢春平.Microsoft Excel 2003在群落生态位参数计算中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(11):4791–4792.
[18]PIANKA,E R.The Structure of Lizard Communities[J].Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,1973,4:53–74.
[19]刘金福,洪伟.格氏栲群落生态学研究——格氏栲林主要种群生态位的研究[J].生态学报,1999,19(3):347–352.
[20]崔丽娟,李伟,赵欣胜,等.采砂迹地型湿地恢复过程中优势种群生态位研究[J].生态科学,2013,32(1):73–77.
[21]刘巍,曹伟.长白山云冷杉群落主要种群生态位特征[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(8):1766–1774.
[22]李箐,骆有庆,石娟,等.阿尔山地区兴安落叶松林下植物种群生态位[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(5):651–658.
[23]史作民,程瑞梅,刘世荣.宝天曼落叶阔叶林种群生态位特征[J].应用生态学报,1999,10(3):265–269.
[24]叶铎,温远光,邓荣艳,等.大明山常绿阔叶林演替序列种群生态位动态特征[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(3):417–423.
[25]柴宗政,王得祥,张丽楠,等.秦岭山地天然油松群落主要植物种群生态位特征[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(8):1917–1923.
[26]刘晓宁,张钦弟,闫明,等.五鹿山国家级自然保护区油松群落优势种生态位研究[J].植物研究,2012,32(6):712–716.
[27]哀建国,吴谷汉,陈锦宇,等.石垟林场省级森林公园常绿阔叶林种群生态位特征[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2006,32(5):576–584.
[28]王念奎,李海燕,荣俊冬,等.突脉青冈群落乔木层优势种群生态位研究[J].福建林学院学报,2010,30(2):128–132.