茶细蛾主要蜘蛛天敌种类的研究
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摘要
【目的】为了明确乌牛早和白毫早茶园与茶细蛾Caloptilia theivora关系密切的主要蜘蛛天敌种类,为茶细蛾的综合治理工作中科学利用和保护自然天敌提供科学依据。【方法】用灰色关联度法分析天敌对茶细蛾在数量上的关联度和天敌与茶细蛾空间半变异函数理论模型变程间的关联度,用生态位分析法研究天敌与茶细蛾之间的时间生态位相似性系数,对上述结果进行标准化,即二种关联度和相似性系数各自除以本类型参数的最大值,其商为密切指数。密切指数之和的最大者即为与茶细蛾关系密切的第一位天敌,以此为依据分析与茶细蛾跟随关系密切的天敌位次在茶树品种间和年度间的差异。【结果】茶树品种间差异是,2015年乌牛早茶园对茶细蛾跟随关系密切的前四位天敌中有粽管巢蛛ClubionajaponicolaBoes. et Str、锥腹肖蛸Tetragnatha maxillosa、斜纹猫蛛Oxyopes sertatus、茶色新圆蛛Neoscona theisi,2015年白毫早茶园有粽管巢蛛、锥腹肖蛸、茶色新圆蛛和斜纹猫蛛,两品种间8种天敌位次相异率为62.5%。2016年白毫早茶园的是斜纹猫蛛、粽管巢蛛、茶色新圆蛛和锥腹肖蛸,乌牛早茶园的是茶色新圆蛛、草间小黑蛛Erigonidiumgraminicolum、锥腹肖蛸和粽管巢蛛,两品种平均位次相异率为87.5%。两年两品种间天敌位次相异率为75%。年度间差异,2015年与2016年年度间相比,乌牛早茶园前四位天敌均有锥腹肖蛸、粽管巢蛛、茶色新圆蛛,但位次不同。天敌位次相异率为87.5%。白毫早茶园年度间,前四位均有锥腹肖蛸、粽管巢蛛、茶色新圆蛛和斜纹猫蛛,但位次不同,天敌位次相异率为75%。两种茶园年度间平均天敌位次相异率为81.25%。根据序号之和及密切指数之和评判,与茶细蛾在数量,时间和空间关系密切的前四位蜘蛛类天敌依次是棕管巢蛛、茶色新圆蛛、锥腹肖蛸和斜纹猫蛛。【结论】茶树品种对茶细蛾天敌位次的影响大于年度间的影响。
[Objectives] To investigate the population dynamics of Caloptilia theivora and its natural enemies in order to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive control of C. theivora on the Wuniuzao and Baihaozao tea varieties. [Methods] We used grey correlation analysis and semivariant function theory to model the ecological niches of C. theivora and its natural enemies. We standardized the above results by dividing the correlation and similarity coefficients by the maximum value of each parameter, thereby obtaining a quotient close to the index. Based on this analysis, annual differences between the two tea varieties were analyzed. [Results] In 2015, the four natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Wuniuzao tea variety were Clubiona japonicola Boes. et Str, Tetragnatha maxillosa, Oxyopes sertatus L. Koch and Neoscona theisi. The three natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Baihaozao tea variety were C. japonicola,Tetragnatha maxillosa,Neoscona theisi and O. sertatus. The difference in ranking of these eight predators between the two tea varieties was 62.5%. In 2016, the four natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Baihaozao tea variety were O. sertatus, C. japonicola, N. theisi and T. maxillosa. The four natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Wuniuzao tea variety were N. theisi, Erigonidium graminicolum, T. maxillosa and C. japonicola. The difference in ranking between the two tea varieties was 87.5% and the difference in ranking among natural enemies was 75%. Comparing2015 and 2016, the four highest ranked natural enemies were T. maxillosa, C. japonicola N. theisi and O. sertatus on the Wuniuzao tea variety, and the annual difference in ranking among different natural enemies was 87.5%. The four most important natural enemies in both years on the Baihaozao tea variety were T. maxillosa, C. japonicola, N. theisi and O.sertatus, the proportion of different natural enemies was 75%. The average difference in ranking among natural enemies in the two tea varieties was 81.25%. The four spider species most closely associated with C. theivora in abundance, time and space were C. japonicola, N. theisi, T. maxillosa and O. sertatus. [Conclusion] Ranking of natural enemies of C. theivora was more affected by tea variety than year.
[Objectives] To investigate the population dynamics of Caloptilia theivora and its natural enemies in order to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive control of C. theivora on the Wuniuzao and Baihaozao tea varieties. [Methods] We used grey correlation analysis and semivariant function theory to model the ecological niches of C. theivora and its natural enemies. We standardized the above results by dividing the correlation and similarity coefficients by the maximum value of each parameter, thereby obtaining a quotient close to the index. Based on this analysis, annual differences between the two tea varieties were analyzed. [Results] In 2015, the four natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Wuniuzao tea variety were Clubiona japonicola Boes. et Str, Tetragnatha maxillosa, Oxyopes sertatus L. Koch and Neoscona theisi. The three natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Baihaozao tea variety were C. japonicola,Tetragnatha maxillosa,Neoscona theisi and O. sertatus. The difference in ranking of these eight predators between the two tea varieties was 62.5%. In 2016, the four natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Baihaozao tea variety were O. sertatus, C. japonicola, N. theisi and T. maxillosa. The four natural enemies most closely associated with C. theivora on the Wuniuzao tea variety were N. theisi, Erigonidium graminicolum, T. maxillosa and C. japonicola. The difference in ranking between the two tea varieties was 87.5% and the difference in ranking among natural enemies was 75%. Comparing2015 and 2016, the four highest ranked natural enemies were T. maxillosa, C. japonicola N. theisi and O. sertatus on the Wuniuzao tea variety, and the annual difference in ranking among different natural enemies was 87.5%. The four most important natural enemies in both years on the Baihaozao tea variety were T. maxillosa, C. japonicola, N. theisi and O.sertatus, the proportion of different natural enemies was 75%. The average difference in ranking among natural enemies in the two tea varieties was 81.25%. The four spider species most closely associated with C. theivora in abundance, time and space were C. japonicola, N. theisi, T. maxillosa and O. sertatus. [Conclusion] Ranking of natural enemies of C. theivora was more affected by tea variety than year.
引文
Deng JL,1990.Tutorial on Grey System Theory.Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press.33-84.[邓聚龙,1990.灰色系统理论教程.武汉:华中科技大学出版社.33-84.]
Hou JR,Pan HJ,Zhang SQ,1990.Basie theory and methods of multivariate geostatisties.Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,(2):82-102.[侯景儒,潘汉军,张树泉,1990.多元地质统计学的理论与方法.北京科技大学学报,(2):82-102.]
Hu JL,1983.Chinese Agroforestry Spiders.Tianjin:Tianjin Science and Technology Press.28-39.[胡金林,1983.中国农林蜘蛛.天津:天津科学技术出版社.28-39.]
Rossl RE,Mulla DJ,Jouinel AG,Franz EH.1992.Geostatstical tools for modeling and interpreling ecological spatical dependence.Ecological Monographs,62(2):277-314.
Sheng ZL,Wang XQ,Peng P,Zhao FH,Yao XK,Mao YX,Hu X,Lin Q,2011.Study on fields controlling effects of sex pheromone in trapping Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand and Caloptilia theivora.Southwest China Journal of Agricultual Sciences,24(5):1775-1778.[盛忠雷,王晓庆,彭萍,赵丰华,姚学坤,毛迎新,胡翔,林强,2011.茶毛虫和茶细蛾性诱剂的田间防控效果研究.西南农业学报,24(5):1775-1778.]
Song CQ,Lan JJ,Xu DZ,2005.Using the Jiaduo insect killer lamp to monitor and control the tea pests.Chinese Bulletin of Entomology,42(3):324-325.[宋昌琪,蓝建军,徐大忠,2005.频振式杀虫在茶树害虫预报防治中的应用.昆虫知识,42(3):324-325.]
Tang QY,2010.Data Processing System of DPS.Beijing:Beijing Science Press.275-350.[唐启义,2010.DPS数据处理系统(第二版).北京:科学出版社.275-350.]
Zhejiang Zhenhai Agricultural Bureau,1975.A preliminary observation of the life history of the Caloptilia theivora.Tea Technology Briefing,(3):6-7.[浙江镇海农业局,1975.茶细蛾生活史初步观察.茶叶科技简报,(3):6-7.]
The Agriculture Department of Zhejiang of Zhenhai Area,1977.Abrief introduction to the life of Caloptilia theivora.Tea Technology Briefing,(4):16-17.[浙江镇海农业局,1977.茶细蛾生活简介.茶叶科技简报,(4):16-17.]
The Agriculture Department of Zhejiang of Zhenhai Area,1978.The relationship between the life history of Caloptilia theivora and temperature.Tea Technology Briefing,(4):9-10.[浙江镇海农业局,1978.茶细蛾生活史与气温变化的关系.茶叶科技简报,(4):9-10.]
Wang XQ,Guo X,Sheng ZL,Peng P,Lin Q,Hu X,Huang SJ,2012.Study on biologic characteristics and population dynamics of adult of Caloptilia theivora.Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,25(2):534-536.[王晓庆,郭萧,盛忠雷,彭萍,林强,胡翔,黄尚俊,2012.茶细蛾生物学特性及其种群动态研究.西南农业学报,25(2):534-536.]
Zhang HH,1985.Application of tea garden spider in pest control.Tea,(1):44-47.[张汉鹄,1985.茶园蜘蛛在害虫防治中的应用.茶叶,(1):44-47.]
Zhang JY,Li X,Jiang C,Meng F,Ma L,Wu SR,2011.Influences of temperature and nutrition on the development and longevity of Sympiesis soriceicornis and Apanteles theivora.Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),39(6):153-158.[张金钰,李鑫,姜超,孟芳,马丽,吴素蓉,2011.温度与营养对丝角姬小蜂及茶细蛾绒茧蜂发育与寿命的影响.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),39(6):153-158.]
Zhao FH,Lv HZ,Dang YC,Cai YM,Li X,2017.Study on application of Ectropis obliqua and Caloptilia theivora sex pheromone in southern Henan tea garden.Tianjin Agricultural Science,23(1):91-94.[赵丰华,吕亥哲,党永超,蔡一鸣,李霞,2017.茶尺蠖和茶细蛾性诱剂在豫南茶园的应用研究.天津农业科学,23(1):91-94.]
Zou YD,Wang HF,1989.Agricultural and Forestry Insect Ecology.Hefei:Anhui Science and Technology Press.125-184.[邹运鼎,王弘法,1989.农林昆虫生态学.合肥:安徽省科学技术出版社.125-184.]
Zou YD,1997.Theory and Application of Natural Enemies in Pest Management.Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House.53-66.[邹运鼎,1997.害虫管理中的天敌评价理论与应用.北京:中国林业出版社.53-66.]
Hou JR,Pan HJ,Zhang SQ,1990.Basie theory and methods of multivariate geostatisties.Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,(2):82-102.[侯景儒,潘汉军,张树泉,1990.多元地质统计学的理论与方法.北京科技大学学报,(2):82-102.]
Hu JL,1983.Chinese Agroforestry Spiders.Tianjin:Tianjin Science and Technology Press.28-39.[胡金林,1983.中国农林蜘蛛.天津:天津科学技术出版社.28-39.]
Rossl RE,Mulla DJ,Jouinel AG,Franz EH.1992.Geostatstical tools for modeling and interpreling ecological spatical dependence.Ecological Monographs,62(2):277-314.
Sheng ZL,Wang XQ,Peng P,Zhao FH,Yao XK,Mao YX,Hu X,Lin Q,2011.Study on fields controlling effects of sex pheromone in trapping Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand and Caloptilia theivora.Southwest China Journal of Agricultual Sciences,24(5):1775-1778.[盛忠雷,王晓庆,彭萍,赵丰华,姚学坤,毛迎新,胡翔,林强,2011.茶毛虫和茶细蛾性诱剂的田间防控效果研究.西南农业学报,24(5):1775-1778.]
Song CQ,Lan JJ,Xu DZ,2005.Using the Jiaduo insect killer lamp to monitor and control the tea pests.Chinese Bulletin of Entomology,42(3):324-325.[宋昌琪,蓝建军,徐大忠,2005.频振式杀虫在茶树害虫预报防治中的应用.昆虫知识,42(3):324-325.]
Tang QY,2010.Data Processing System of DPS.Beijing:Beijing Science Press.275-350.[唐启义,2010.DPS数据处理系统(第二版).北京:科学出版社.275-350.]
Zhejiang Zhenhai Agricultural Bureau,1975.A preliminary observation of the life history of the Caloptilia theivora.Tea Technology Briefing,(3):6-7.[浙江镇海农业局,1975.茶细蛾生活史初步观察.茶叶科技简报,(3):6-7.]
The Agriculture Department of Zhejiang of Zhenhai Area,1977.Abrief introduction to the life of Caloptilia theivora.Tea Technology Briefing,(4):16-17.[浙江镇海农业局,1977.茶细蛾生活简介.茶叶科技简报,(4):16-17.]
The Agriculture Department of Zhejiang of Zhenhai Area,1978.The relationship between the life history of Caloptilia theivora and temperature.Tea Technology Briefing,(4):9-10.[浙江镇海农业局,1978.茶细蛾生活史与气温变化的关系.茶叶科技简报,(4):9-10.]
Wang XQ,Guo X,Sheng ZL,Peng P,Lin Q,Hu X,Huang SJ,2012.Study on biologic characteristics and population dynamics of adult of Caloptilia theivora.Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,25(2):534-536.[王晓庆,郭萧,盛忠雷,彭萍,林强,胡翔,黄尚俊,2012.茶细蛾生物学特性及其种群动态研究.西南农业学报,25(2):534-536.]
Zhang HH,1985.Application of tea garden spider in pest control.Tea,(1):44-47.[张汉鹄,1985.茶园蜘蛛在害虫防治中的应用.茶叶,(1):44-47.]
Zhang JY,Li X,Jiang C,Meng F,Ma L,Wu SR,2011.Influences of temperature and nutrition on the development and longevity of Sympiesis soriceicornis and Apanteles theivora.Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),39(6):153-158.[张金钰,李鑫,姜超,孟芳,马丽,吴素蓉,2011.温度与营养对丝角姬小蜂及茶细蛾绒茧蜂发育与寿命的影响.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),39(6):153-158.]
Zhao FH,Lv HZ,Dang YC,Cai YM,Li X,2017.Study on application of Ectropis obliqua and Caloptilia theivora sex pheromone in southern Henan tea garden.Tianjin Agricultural Science,23(1):91-94.[赵丰华,吕亥哲,党永超,蔡一鸣,李霞,2017.茶尺蠖和茶细蛾性诱剂在豫南茶园的应用研究.天津农业科学,23(1):91-94.]
Zou YD,Wang HF,1989.Agricultural and Forestry Insect Ecology.Hefei:Anhui Science and Technology Press.125-184.[邹运鼎,王弘法,1989.农林昆虫生态学.合肥:安徽省科学技术出版社.125-184.]
Zou YD,1997.Theory and Application of Natural Enemies in Pest Management.Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House.53-66.[邹运鼎,1997.害虫管理中的天敌评价理论与应用.北京:中国林业出版社.53-66.]