新疆艾比湖流域土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响
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摘要
在对流域可持续发展评估的研究中,生态系统服务价值的时空评估具有重要意义。以新疆艾比湖流域为研究区,基于1996-2016年的3期遥感影像和社会统计数据,对艾比湖流域土地利用和生态系统服务价值时空动态变化进行分析,并借鉴生态服务价值当量估算法定量探讨生态系统服务价值的变化特征,采用多元回归模型对流域土地利用和生态系统服务价值变化的驱动力进行分析。结果表明:1)1996-2016年,艾比湖流域耕地和建设用地面积变化最大,其占比分别从1996年的8.47%和0.42%,增加到2016年的15.28%和2.07%;林地、草地、湿地和水域的较少,但幅度较剧烈。2)近21a来,研究区生态系统服务价值总量呈持续减少的趋势,共减少了约85.863×108元,耕地、建设用地、盐碱地和沙地等土地利用类型的生态系统服务价值(ecosystem service value, ESV)值呈增加趋势;林地、草地、水域、湿地和未利用地等类型均呈减少趋势。3)空间上,21a间艾比湖流域ESV较高区面积逐渐减少,ESV较低区域面积逐渐增加,ESV中等区域呈现先减小后增大。4)回归分析表明影响艾比湖流域ESV变化的主要驱动因素是综合城镇化率、人口密度、气温和降水等指标,在未来的经济发展中,艾比湖流域要合理优化调整土地利用格局,保证生态系统的稳定-协调发展,实现经济-社会-生态的可持续发展。
Land-use/land-cover(LULC) changes are considered as a key issue of global changes, which is influencing and altering ecosystem structures and services at different scales. Understanding LULC changes and its ecological effects is important to enhance ecosystem sustainability and maintain ecological security. Since ancient times, the Ebinur Lake Basin was the main road of traffic in Europe and Asia. Early in the north of the "Silk Road", which was opened by the Tang Dynasty, it was passed through the Tianshan Mountains to Europe. Now it is an important grain base, cotton base, animal husbandry base and petrochemical base in Northern Xinjiang. It is a typical arid area with sensitivity environment. With the rapid urbanization and economic development in recent years, this area increasingly faces a serial of environmental challenges, including LULC changes, pollutions, biodiversity decrease, and land deterioration, etc. Thus, the study on LULC changes and its ecological effects in the Ebinur Lake Basin was significant to regional ecosystem management. The intensifying human activities are becoming more and more significant to the ecological system of oasis in arid areas. It is of great significance to assess the dynamic changes of the ecosystem services in the watershed on the scale of time and space, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of the basin. We took the Ebinur Lake Basin(43°38′-45°52′N, 79°53′-85°02′E), located in northwestern Xinjiang as the study area, and extracted the land use data based on the TM and OLI remote sensing images of 1996, 2006 and 2016. The spatial and temporal dynamic changes of land use and ecosystem services in the Ebinur Lake Basin were analyzed, and the value of ecological service value equivalent was used to estimate the value of ecosystem services. The Logistic regression model was used to analyze the driving forces of land use and ecosystem service value change. The results showed that : 1) During 1996-2016, the area of cultivated land and construction land in the Ebinur Lake basin significantly increased, the proportion from 8.47% and 0.42% in 1996 to 15.28% and 2.07% in 2016, and forestland, grassland, wet land and water area were on the decline. 2) During 1996-2016, the total ecosystem service value in the study area has been decreasing continuously, and reduction amounts were about 85.863×108 Yuan. The ESV value of land use types, such as cultivated land, construction land, salinized land and sandy land, had an increasing trend, and the forest land, grassland, water area, wet land and unused land were all hand a decreasing trend. Among them, the change of ESV of the forest land was more evident, accounting for more than 50% of the total ESV. 3) During the 21 years, the area with higher ESV in the Ebinur Lake Basin gradually decreased, the area with lower ESV gradually increased, and the area with middle ESV decreased first and then increased. 4) The regression analysis showed that the main driving factors affecting the ESV changes in the Ebinur Lake Basin were the comprehensive urbanization rate, the population density and Temperature and precipitation. In the future economic development, the Ebinur Lake Basin should rationally optimize the land use pattern, guarantee the sustained stable and coordinated development of ecosystem, and realize sustainable development of the economy-society and ecology.
Land-use/land-cover(LULC) changes are considered as a key issue of global changes, which is influencing and altering ecosystem structures and services at different scales. Understanding LULC changes and its ecological effects is important to enhance ecosystem sustainability and maintain ecological security. Since ancient times, the Ebinur Lake Basin was the main road of traffic in Europe and Asia. Early in the north of the "Silk Road", which was opened by the Tang Dynasty, it was passed through the Tianshan Mountains to Europe. Now it is an important grain base, cotton base, animal husbandry base and petrochemical base in Northern Xinjiang. It is a typical arid area with sensitivity environment. With the rapid urbanization and economic development in recent years, this area increasingly faces a serial of environmental challenges, including LULC changes, pollutions, biodiversity decrease, and land deterioration, etc. Thus, the study on LULC changes and its ecological effects in the Ebinur Lake Basin was significant to regional ecosystem management. The intensifying human activities are becoming more and more significant to the ecological system of oasis in arid areas. It is of great significance to assess the dynamic changes of the ecosystem services in the watershed on the scale of time and space, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of the basin. We took the Ebinur Lake Basin(43°38′-45°52′N, 79°53′-85°02′E), located in northwestern Xinjiang as the study area, and extracted the land use data based on the TM and OLI remote sensing images of 1996, 2006 and 2016. The spatial and temporal dynamic changes of land use and ecosystem services in the Ebinur Lake Basin were analyzed, and the value of ecological service value equivalent was used to estimate the value of ecosystem services. The Logistic regression model was used to analyze the driving forces of land use and ecosystem service value change. The results showed that : 1) During 1996-2016, the area of cultivated land and construction land in the Ebinur Lake basin significantly increased, the proportion from 8.47% and 0.42% in 1996 to 15.28% and 2.07% in 2016, and forestland, grassland, wet land and water area were on the decline. 2) During 1996-2016, the total ecosystem service value in the study area has been decreasing continuously, and reduction amounts were about 85.863×108 Yuan. The ESV value of land use types, such as cultivated land, construction land, salinized land and sandy land, had an increasing trend, and the forest land, grassland, water area, wet land and unused land were all hand a decreasing trend. Among them, the change of ESV of the forest land was more evident, accounting for more than 50% of the total ESV. 3) During the 21 years, the area with higher ESV in the Ebinur Lake Basin gradually decreased, the area with lower ESV gradually increased, and the area with middle ESV decreased first and then increased. 4) The regression analysis showed that the main driving factors affecting the ESV changes in the Ebinur Lake Basin were the comprehensive urbanization rate, the population density and Temperature and precipitation. In the future economic development, the Ebinur Lake Basin should rationally optimize the land use pattern, guarantee the sustained stable and coordinated development of ecosystem, and realize sustainable development of the economy-society and ecology.
引文
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[16]Scalenghe R,Marsan F A.The anthropogenic sealing of soils in urban areas[J].Landscape&Urban Planning,2009,90(1):1-10.
[17]Su W Z,Gu C L,Yang G S,et al.measuring the impact of urban sprawl on natural landscape pattern of the Western Taihu Lake watershed,China[J].Landscape&Urban Planning,2010,95(1):61-67.
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[20]Kindu M,Schneider T,Teketay D,et al.Changes of ecosystem service values in response to land use/land cover dynamics in Munessa-Shashemene landscape of the Ethiopian highlands[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,547(1):137-147.
[21]Mamat Z,ümüt Halik,Keyimu M,et al.Variation of the floodplain forest ecosystem service value in the lower reaches of Tarim River,China[J].Land Degradation&Development,2018,29(1):1-11.
[22]Yushanjiang A,Zhang F,Yu H,et al.quantifying the spatial correlations between landscape pattern and ecosystem service value:A case study in Ebinur Lake Basin,Xinjiang,China[J].Ecological Engineering,2018,113:94-104.
[23]吉仁塔.艾比湖流域生态环境问题与治理措施[J].新疆林业,2016(1):22-24.
[24]王萍,郑永果,张继贤,等.基于RS的土地利用/土地覆盖变化信息提取方法:以甘肃石羊河流域为例[J].资源开发与市场,2003,19(6):387-389.Wang Ping,Zheng Yongguo,Zhang Jixian,et al.Extraction methods of land use/land cover information based on remote sensing Taking Gansu Shiyanghe valley as an example[J].Resource Development&Market,2003,19(6):387-389.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]Dupaquier C.Contributions of the Pleiades imagery to the integrated management of coastal areas-Application to the Thau territory[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,54(1):13-21.
[26]Costanza R,D'Arge R,Groot R D,et al.The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital 1[J].Nature,1999,387(1):3-15.
[27]Schirpke U,Kohler M,Leitinger G,et al.Future impacts of changing land-use and climate on ecosystem services of mountain grassland and their resilience[J].Ecosystem Services,2017,26:79-94.
[28]张骞,高明,杨乐,等.1988-2013年重庆市主城九区生态用地空间结构及其生态系统服务价值变化[J].生态学报,2017,37(2):566-575.Zhang Qian,Gao Ming,Yang Le,et al.Changes in the spatial structure of ecological land and ecosystem service values in nine key districts of Chongqing City over the past 25 years[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(2):566-575.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[29]Kindu M,Schneider T,Teketay D,et al.Changes of ecosystem service values in response to land use/land cover dynamics in Munessa-Shashemene landscape of the Ethiopian highlands[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,547(1):137-146.
[30]姜广辉,张凤荣,陈军伟,等.基于Logistic回归模型的北京山区农村居民点变化的驱动力分析[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(5):81-87.Jiang Guanghui,Zhang Fengrong,Chen Junwei,et al.Analysis of the driving forces of change of rural residential areas in Beijing mountainous areas based on Logistic regression model[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2007,23(5):81-87.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]井云清,张飞,陈丽华,等.艾比湖湿地土地利用/覆被-景观格局和气候变化的生态环境效应研究[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(9):3590-3601.Jing Yunqing,Zhang Fei,Chen Lihua,et al.Investigation on eco-environmental effects of land use/cover-landscape pattern and climate change in Ebinur Lake wetland nature reserve[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(9):3590-3601.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[32]李哲,张飞,张月,等.1998-2014年艾比湖湿地自然保护区生态系统服务价值及其时空变异[J].生态学报,2017,37(15):4984-4997.Li Zhe,Zhang Fei,Zhang Yue,et al.Spatial and temporal Ecosystem changes in the Ebinur Wetland natural reserve from 1998-2014[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(15):4984-4997.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]Mamat A,ümüt Halik,Rouzi A.Variations of ecosystem service value in response to land-use change in the kashgar region,northwest China[J].Sustainability,2018,10(1):200-207.
[3]罗盛锋,闫文德.广西北部湾沿岸地区生态系统服务价值变化及其驱动力[J].生态学报,2018,38(9):3248-3252.Luo Shengfeng,Yan Wende.Evolution and driving force analysis of ecosystem service values in Guangxi Beibu Gulf coastal areas,China[J].Acta Ecologica sinica,2018,38(9):3248-3252.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]王雅,蒙吉军.黑河中游土地利用变化对生态系统服务的影响[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(1):200-207.Wang Ya,Meng Jijun.Impact of land use change on ecosystem services in the middle reaches of Heihe River[J].Arid Zone Research,2017,34(1):200-207.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]Langemeyer J,BaróF,Roebeling P,et al.Contrasting values of cultural ecosystem services in urban areas:The case of park Montju?c in Barcelona[J].Ecosystem Services,2015,12:178-186.
[6]Raymond C M,Kenter J O.Transcendental values and the valuation and management of ecosystem services[J].Ecosystem Services,2016,21(1):241-257.
[7]Wong C P,Jiang B,Kinzig A P,et al.linking ecosystem characteristics to final ecosystem services for public policy[J].Ecology Letters,2015,18(1):108-118.
[8]谢高地,甄霖,鲁春霞,等.一个基于专家知识的生态系统服务价值化方法[J].自然资源学报,2008,23(5):911-919.Xie Gaodi,Zhen Lin,Lu Chunxia,et al.Expert knowledge based valuation method of ecosystem services in China[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2008,23(5):911-919.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]Ghermandi A,Sheela A M,Justus J.Integrating similarity analysis and ecosystem service value transfer:Results from a tropical coastal wetland in India[J].Ecosystem Services,2016,22:73-82.
[10]Costanza R,Groot R D,Sutton P,et al.Changes in the global value of ecosystem services[J].Global Environmental Change,2014,26(1):152-158.
[11]Bagstad K J,Reed J M,Semmens D J,et al.Linking biophysical models and public preferences for ecosystem service assessments:A case study for the Southern Rocky Mountains[J].Regional Environmental Change,2016,16(7):2005-2018.
[12]谢高地,张钇锂,鲁春霞,等.中国自然草地生态系统服务价值[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(1):47-53.Xie Gaodi,Zhang Yili,Lu Chunxia,et al.Study on valuation of rangeland ecosystem services of China[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2001,16(1):47-53.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]谢高地,鲁春霞,冷允法,等.青藏高原生态资产的价值评估[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(2):189-196.Xie Gaodi,Lu Chunxia,Leng Yunfa,et al.Ecological assets valuation of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2003,18(2):189-196.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]Turner B L,Janetos A C,Verburg P H,et al.Land system architecture:Using land systems to adapt and mitigate global environmental change[J].Global Environmental Change,2013,23(2):395-397.
[15]Meyfroidt P,Lambin E F,Erb K H,et al.Globalization of land use:Distant drivers of land change and geographic displacement of land use[J].Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability,2013,5(5):438-444.
[16]Scalenghe R,Marsan F A.The anthropogenic sealing of soils in urban areas[J].Landscape&Urban Planning,2009,90(1):1-10.
[17]Su W Z,Gu C L,Yang G S,et al.measuring the impact of urban sprawl on natural landscape pattern of the Western Taihu Lake watershed,China[J].Landscape&Urban Planning,2010,95(1):61-67.
[18]Sutton P C,Anderson S J,Costanza R,et al.The ecological economics of land degradation:Impacts on ecosystem service values[J].Ecological Economics,2016,129:182-192.
[19]Kenter J O,Jobstvogt N,Watson V,et al.The impact of information,value-deliberation and group-based decisionmaking on values for ecosystem services:Integrating deliberative monetary valuation and storytelling[J].Ecosystem Services,2016,21(2):270-290.
[20]Kindu M,Schneider T,Teketay D,et al.Changes of ecosystem service values in response to land use/land cover dynamics in Munessa-Shashemene landscape of the Ethiopian highlands[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,547(1):137-147.
[21]Mamat Z,ümüt Halik,Keyimu M,et al.Variation of the floodplain forest ecosystem service value in the lower reaches of Tarim River,China[J].Land Degradation&Development,2018,29(1):1-11.
[22]Yushanjiang A,Zhang F,Yu H,et al.quantifying the spatial correlations between landscape pattern and ecosystem service value:A case study in Ebinur Lake Basin,Xinjiang,China[J].Ecological Engineering,2018,113:94-104.
[23]吉仁塔.艾比湖流域生态环境问题与治理措施[J].新疆林业,2016(1):22-24.
[24]王萍,郑永果,张继贤,等.基于RS的土地利用/土地覆盖变化信息提取方法:以甘肃石羊河流域为例[J].资源开发与市场,2003,19(6):387-389.Wang Ping,Zheng Yongguo,Zhang Jixian,et al.Extraction methods of land use/land cover information based on remote sensing Taking Gansu Shiyanghe valley as an example[J].Resource Development&Market,2003,19(6):387-389.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[25]Dupaquier C.Contributions of the Pleiades imagery to the integrated management of coastal areas-Application to the Thau territory[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,54(1):13-21.
[26]Costanza R,D'Arge R,Groot R D,et al.The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital 1[J].Nature,1999,387(1):3-15.
[27]Schirpke U,Kohler M,Leitinger G,et al.Future impacts of changing land-use and climate on ecosystem services of mountain grassland and their resilience[J].Ecosystem Services,2017,26:79-94.
[28]张骞,高明,杨乐,等.1988-2013年重庆市主城九区生态用地空间结构及其生态系统服务价值变化[J].生态学报,2017,37(2):566-575.Zhang Qian,Gao Ming,Yang Le,et al.Changes in the spatial structure of ecological land and ecosystem service values in nine key districts of Chongqing City over the past 25 years[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(2):566-575.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[29]Kindu M,Schneider T,Teketay D,et al.Changes of ecosystem service values in response to land use/land cover dynamics in Munessa-Shashemene landscape of the Ethiopian highlands[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,547(1):137-146.
[30]姜广辉,张凤荣,陈军伟,等.基于Logistic回归模型的北京山区农村居民点变化的驱动力分析[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(5):81-87.Jiang Guanghui,Zhang Fengrong,Chen Junwei,et al.Analysis of the driving forces of change of rural residential areas in Beijing mountainous areas based on Logistic regression model[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2007,23(5):81-87.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[31]井云清,张飞,陈丽华,等.艾比湖湿地土地利用/覆被-景观格局和气候变化的生态环境效应研究[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(9):3590-3601.Jing Yunqing,Zhang Fei,Chen Lihua,et al.Investigation on eco-environmental effects of land use/cover-landscape pattern and climate change in Ebinur Lake wetland nature reserve[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(9):3590-3601.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[32]李哲,张飞,张月,等.1998-2014年艾比湖湿地自然保护区生态系统服务价值及其时空变异[J].生态学报,2017,37(15):4984-4997.Li Zhe,Zhang Fei,Zhang Yue,et al.Spatial and temporal Ecosystem changes in the Ebinur Wetland natural reserve from 1998-2014[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(15):4984-4997.(in Chinese with English abstract)