西曲与南朝宫廷风尚
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摘要
流行于南朝社会的西曲,以哀婉缠绵的格调,大胆描写了南朝社会的市井生活情爱,体现了人性自由,也实现了对先秦乐教"治心""化民"的超越。但西曲的"情爱"中心主题,根本上违背了汉乐府民歌"感于哀乐,缘事而发"的优良写实传统,以及汉代创设乐府以"观风俗,知薄厚"的政教宗旨。西曲"尚情"风貌以及与乐府"觇风于盛衰""鉴微于兴废"宗旨的吊诡,正是由于南朝宫廷嗜好声乐、沉湎享乐的生活风尚和世俗化审美趋向共同作用的结果,而西曲正是从世俗情爱层面,反映了南朝社会沉缅声乐享乐的宫廷风尚。
West Music,popular in the Southern Dynasties,with a sad and euphemistical style,has boldly described the life and love in the Southern Dynasties,reflected the freedom of human nature,and realized the transcendence of the music education of"ruling the heart"and"transforming the people"in the pre-Qin Dynasty.However,the central theme of"love"of West Music is fundamentally contrary to the fine realistic tradition of"the derivation of the folk songs' creation in the Han Dynasty from a feeling of sadness or happiness for specific events in real life",and the political and religious purpose of creating folk songs in the Han Dynasty to"judge the artlessness or worldliness of the local customs".The paradox of West Music's pursuit for love and the Han-styled folk songs' aim of judging the rise and fall of a dynasty by customs is the result of joint action by the south-dynasties court's penchant for vocal music,their indulgence in the hedonic life style and the secular aesthetic trend.It is from the level of secular love that the West Music reflects the court's indulgence in vocal music and enjoyment in the Southern Dynasties.
West Music,popular in the Southern Dynasties,with a sad and euphemistical style,has boldly described the life and love in the Southern Dynasties,reflected the freedom of human nature,and realized the transcendence of the music education of"ruling the heart"and"transforming the people"in the pre-Qin Dynasty.However,the central theme of"love"of West Music is fundamentally contrary to the fine realistic tradition of"the derivation of the folk songs' creation in the Han Dynasty from a feeling of sadness or happiness for specific events in real life",and the political and religious purpose of creating folk songs in the Han Dynasty to"judge the artlessness or worldliness of the local customs".The paradox of West Music's pursuit for love and the Han-styled folk songs' aim of judging the rise and fall of a dynasty by customs is the result of joint action by the south-dynasties court's penchant for vocal music,their indulgence in the hedonic life style and the secular aesthetic trend.It is from the level of secular love that the West Music reflects the court's indulgence in vocal music and enjoyment in the Southern Dynasties.
引文
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[5]沈约.宋书[M].北京:中华书局,1974.
[6]萧涤非.汉魏六朝乐府文学史[M].北京:人民文学出版社,1998.
[7]王运熙.乐府诗论述(增补本)[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2006.
[8]吴大顺.魏晋南北朝乐府歌辞研究[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2009.
[9]李延寿.南史[M].北京:中华书局,1975.
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[11]萧子显.南齐书[M].北京:中华书局,1972.
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