川黄柏和关黄柏全球产地生态适宜性分析
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摘要
目的:黄柏是中国传统大宗中药材,"三木药材"之一,国家二级保护植物,是退耕还林、天然林保护工程和荒山造林的优良树种,具有较高的经济和生态价值。根据物种和产地不同,黄柏分为"川黄柏"和"关黄柏",通过产地适宜性研究分析其潜在的适宜分布区,为正确选择物种及栽培区域提供科学依据。方法:收集全球道地产区、主产区、野生分布区样点生态信息,其中川黄柏364个样点,关黄柏247个样点,采用《药用植物全球产地生态适宜性信息系统》(GMPGIS)分析其全球适宜生长区域。结果:川黄柏和关黄柏全球适宜分布区域有明显分界,川黄柏主要分布于亚热带季风气候区,在亚洲、欧洲、北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲均有一定面积的最大生态相似度区域,包括中国、美国、法国、巴西、日本、意大利、新西兰等65个国家和地区。关黄柏主要分布于温带季风气候区,在亚洲、欧洲、北美洲有一定的生态相似度区域,包括美国、中国、俄罗斯、加拿大等30个国家和地区。结论:GMPGIS分析结果能为黄柏引种时选择正确的基原物种和栽培区域提供科学依据。
Objective:Phellodendri Cortex,one of the "three wood medicine materials",is a Chinese traditional medicinal material and also a national second-class protected plant in China.Its is considered as excellent trees for the Natural Forest Conservation Program and the Grain-to-Green Program because of its high economic value and ecological value.The Phellodendron Cortex is divided into Phellodendron chinense and P.amurense according to species and origins.The global potential suitable areas predicted by Global Geographic Information System for Medicinal Plant(GMPGIS) can provide data for us to decide which specie can be selected in different areas.Method:Sample ecological information was collected from global genuine areas,main producing areas and wild distribution areas,and a total of 364 sampling sites of P.chinense and 247 sampling sites of P.amurense were used by GMPGIS to analyze the suitable growth areas in the world.Result:A clear geographical line existed between P.chinense and P.amurense.P.chinense was mainly distributed in tropical monsoon climate and had the most suitable areas in Asia,Europe,North America,South America and Oceania,including 65 countries and regions such as China,the United States,France,Brazil,Japan,Italy and New Zealand.P.amurense was mainly distributed in temperate monsoon climate and had the most suitable areas in Asia,Europe,and North America,including 30 countries and regions such as the United States,China,Russia and Canada..Conclusion:The results of GMPGIS can provide scientific data for selecting correct species and cultivation areas for Phellodendris Cortex in future.
Objective:Phellodendri Cortex,one of the "three wood medicine materials",is a Chinese traditional medicinal material and also a national second-class protected plant in China.Its is considered as excellent trees for the Natural Forest Conservation Program and the Grain-to-Green Program because of its high economic value and ecological value.The Phellodendron Cortex is divided into Phellodendron chinense and P.amurense according to species and origins.The global potential suitable areas predicted by Global Geographic Information System for Medicinal Plant(GMPGIS) can provide data for us to decide which specie can be selected in different areas.Method:Sample ecological information was collected from global genuine areas,main producing areas and wild distribution areas,and a total of 364 sampling sites of P.chinense and 247 sampling sites of P.amurense were used by GMPGIS to analyze the suitable growth areas in the world.Result:A clear geographical line existed between P.chinense and P.amurense.P.chinense was mainly distributed in tropical monsoon climate and had the most suitable areas in Asia,Europe,North America,South America and Oceania,including 65 countries and regions such as China,the United States,France,Brazil,Japan,Italy and New Zealand.P.amurense was mainly distributed in temperate monsoon climate and had the most suitable areas in Asia,Europe,and North America,including 30 countries and regions such as the United States,China,Russia and Canada..Conclusion:The results of GMPGIS can provide scientific data for selecting correct species and cultivation areas for Phellodendris Cortex in future.
引文
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[2]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典.一部[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:146,305.
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[5]张阳,张志鹏,张昭,等.野生关黄柏中生物碱及绿原酸含量区域性特征分析[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(10):1797-1802.
[6]齐耀东,张志鹏,张昭,等.关黄柏产区土壤重金属污染及药材安全性评价[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(3):383-389.
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[11]孙超,张勇民,朱立.贵州珍稀濒危药用植物与可持续开发利用[J].资源开发与市场,2006,22(4):368-370.
[12]胡芳名,谭晓风,刘惠民.中国主要经济树种栽培与利用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2005:438-440.
[13]叶萌,郭东力,罗承德.四川“三木药材”的产业化探讨[J].四川林业科技,2006(3):88-90.
[14]唐大岳.杉木黄柏混交林初期生长研究[J].湖北林业科技,2000(3):5-7.
[15]李越,姚霞,李振华,等.3S技术在药用植物资源领域中的应用现状[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(5):228-233.
[16]索风梅,陈士林,张昭,等.基于TCMGIS-Ⅰ的黄檗生态适宜性分析[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(13):1536-1539.
[17]沈亮,吴杰,李西文,等.人参全球产地生态适宜性分析及农田栽培选地规范[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(18):3314-3322.
[18]程睿旸,吴明丽,沈亮,等.中药重楼全球产地生态适宜性分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(14):19-24.
[19]陈士林.中国药材产地生态适宜性区划[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:7-13.
[20]肖培根,李大鹏,杨世林.新编中药志.第三卷[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001:664-670.
[21]邬家林.川黄柏药材资源的研究[J].华西药学杂志,1994(2):132-134.
[22]黄郑爽,周宁.关于黄柏种类的探讨[J].中草药,1999(8):621-623.
[23]中国医学科学院药用植物研究所.中药志,第五册[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1994:494.
[24]中国科学院四川分院中医中药研究所.四川中药志.第2册[M].成都:四川人民出版社,1960:1726-1730.
[25]黄明远,周仕春,弓加文,等.四川的川黄柏资源调查[J].乐山师范学院学报,2002(4):45-48.
[26]于俊林,张昭,张本刚,等.长白山黄檗基本情况调查及保护[J].中草药,2006,37(3):461-463.
[27]屈景祥.黄菠萝与红松混交林生长情况研究[J].林业勘查设计,2011(2):58-62.
[28]布日额,巴根那.蒙药材黄柏的本草考证[J].中药材,2007,30(8):1037-1038.
[29]易雪梅,张悦,姬兰柱.长白山黄檗种群结构[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(9):2257-2262.
[30]周正,陈喜军,薛茂贤.世界主要用材树种概论[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1997:153-155.
[31]MA J S,CAO W,LIU Q R,et al.A revision of Phellodendron(Rutaceae)[J].Edinburgh J Bot,2006,63(2/3):131-151.
[32]MA J S,Brach A R.The identify of cultivated Phellodendron(Rutaceae)in North America[J].JBotanical Res Inst Texas,2007,1(1):357-365.
[33]马福.中国重点保护野生植物资源调查[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2009:156-157.
[34]吴晓玲.黄波罗在山西省的引种驯化[J].山西林业科技,2001(1):21-22,26.
[35]刑相智.黄檗的引种效果和生态适宜性分析[J].新疆农业科学,2001,38(5):293-294.
[36]唐宗英,乔璐,阮桢媛,等.资源树种川黄檗的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(2):82-86.
[37]沈力,付绍智,马羚,等.川黄柏野生资源调查研究[J].中国野生植物资源,2009,28(4):25-27.
[2]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典.一部[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:146,305.
[3]国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会.中华本草(第四册)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1999:949-957.
[4]杨明,丁立威,丁乡.关黄柏产销趋势分析[J].中国现代中药,2013,15(4):336-339.
[5]张阳,张志鹏,张昭,等.野生关黄柏中生物碱及绿原酸含量区域性特征分析[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(10):1797-1802.
[6]齐耀东,张志鹏,张昭,等.关黄柏产区土壤重金属污染及药材安全性评价[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(3):383-389.
[7]LI Y B,ZHANG T J,ZHANG X L,et al.Chemical fingerprint analysis of Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex by ultra performance LC/Q-TOF-MS methods combined with chemometrics[J].J Sep Sci,2010,33(21):3347-3353.
[8]WANG L,WANG X,ZHU X M,et al.Gastroprotective effect of alkaloids from Cortex Phellodendri on gastric ulcers in rats through neurohumoral regulation[J].Planta Med,2017,83(3/4):277-284.
[9]XIAN Y F,MAO Q Q,Ip S,et al.Comparison on the anti-inflammatory effect of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis and Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis in 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate-induced ear edema in mice[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2011,137(3):1425-1430.
[10]XIAN Y,LIN Z,Ip S,et al.Comparison the neuropreotective effect of Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis and Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis against beta-amyloidinduced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells[J].Phytomedicine,2013,20(2):187-193.
[11]孙超,张勇民,朱立.贵州珍稀濒危药用植物与可持续开发利用[J].资源开发与市场,2006,22(4):368-370.
[12]胡芳名,谭晓风,刘惠民.中国主要经济树种栽培与利用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2005:438-440.
[13]叶萌,郭东力,罗承德.四川“三木药材”的产业化探讨[J].四川林业科技,2006(3):88-90.
[14]唐大岳.杉木黄柏混交林初期生长研究[J].湖北林业科技,2000(3):5-7.
[15]李越,姚霞,李振华,等.3S技术在药用植物资源领域中的应用现状[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(5):228-233.
[16]索风梅,陈士林,张昭,等.基于TCMGIS-Ⅰ的黄檗生态适宜性分析[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(13):1536-1539.
[17]沈亮,吴杰,李西文,等.人参全球产地生态适宜性分析及农田栽培选地规范[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(18):3314-3322.
[18]程睿旸,吴明丽,沈亮,等.中药重楼全球产地生态适宜性分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(14):19-24.
[19]陈士林.中国药材产地生态适宜性区划[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:7-13.
[20]肖培根,李大鹏,杨世林.新编中药志.第三卷[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001:664-670.
[21]邬家林.川黄柏药材资源的研究[J].华西药学杂志,1994(2):132-134.
[22]黄郑爽,周宁.关于黄柏种类的探讨[J].中草药,1999(8):621-623.
[23]中国医学科学院药用植物研究所.中药志,第五册[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1994:494.
[24]中国科学院四川分院中医中药研究所.四川中药志.第2册[M].成都:四川人民出版社,1960:1726-1730.
[25]黄明远,周仕春,弓加文,等.四川的川黄柏资源调查[J].乐山师范学院学报,2002(4):45-48.
[26]于俊林,张昭,张本刚,等.长白山黄檗基本情况调查及保护[J].中草药,2006,37(3):461-463.
[27]屈景祥.黄菠萝与红松混交林生长情况研究[J].林业勘查设计,2011(2):58-62.
[28]布日额,巴根那.蒙药材黄柏的本草考证[J].中药材,2007,30(8):1037-1038.
[29]易雪梅,张悦,姬兰柱.长白山黄檗种群结构[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(9):2257-2262.
[30]周正,陈喜军,薛茂贤.世界主要用材树种概论[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1997:153-155.
[31]MA J S,CAO W,LIU Q R,et al.A revision of Phellodendron(Rutaceae)[J].Edinburgh J Bot,2006,63(2/3):131-151.
[32]MA J S,Brach A R.The identify of cultivated Phellodendron(Rutaceae)in North America[J].JBotanical Res Inst Texas,2007,1(1):357-365.
[33]马福.中国重点保护野生植物资源调查[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2009:156-157.
[34]吴晓玲.黄波罗在山西省的引种驯化[J].山西林业科技,2001(1):21-22,26.
[35]刑相智.黄檗的引种效果和生态适宜性分析[J].新疆农业科学,2001,38(5):293-294.
[36]唐宗英,乔璐,阮桢媛,等.资源树种川黄檗的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(2):82-86.
[37]沈力,付绍智,马羚,等.川黄柏野生资源调查研究[J].中国野生植物资源,2009,28(4):25-27.