河北省马兰庄铁矿矿区生态重建效果评价研究
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摘要
以河北省唐山市首钢马兰庄铁矿尾矿库作为研究对象,在现场选取12个样方,利用野外勘查的植被统计数据作为评价体系中指标数据,对马兰庄矿生态重建因子进行深入分析。从植被方面选取11个指标,利用SPSS22. 0软件进行主成分分析。研究结果表明第一主成分代表多度,多度的方差贡献率最大,据排序结果得出11号、12号样方以紫穗槐为优势种的生物多度最多,生态重建性最好,而10、5、2号样方分别以沙棘和白柠条为优势种的生物多度最低,生态重建性最差,其余样方生态重建效果居中。因此需进一步提高生态重建效果差的区域植被生态重建水平,因地制宜栽植适生植物,不断提高尾矿库复垦土地实际利用率,评价结果可为尾矿库区生态重建工作提供理论依据。
Taking the tailing pond of the Malanzhuang iron mine in Shougang,Tangshan City,Hebei Province as the research object,12 sample plots were selected in-situ and the statistical data of field surveys were used as index data in the evaluation system to conduct a deep analysis on the ecological reconstruction factors for the Malanzhuang Mine. Eleven indicators were selected from vegetation and SPSS 22. 0 software was used for the principal component analysis. The results showed that the first principal component represented the abundance and the contribution rate to the variance from the abundance was the largest. According to the ranking results from No. 11 and No.12 sample plot,Amorpha fruticosa was the dominant species with the most abundance and the best ecological reconstruction effects,while No. 10,5 and 2 plots were dominated by seabuckthorn and C. korshinskii as the dominant species with the lowest abundance and the worst ecological reconstruction effects. The ecological reconstruction effects of other sample plots were moderate. Therefore,it is necessary to take further steps to improve the level of ecological reconstruction of the regional vegetation with poor ecological reconstruction effects,plant the suitable vegetation according to the local conditions,and continuously increase the actual utilization rate of the reclaimed land in the tailing ponds. The evaluation results can provide the theoretical basis for the ecological reconstruction work in the tailings reservoir area.
Taking the tailing pond of the Malanzhuang iron mine in Shougang,Tangshan City,Hebei Province as the research object,12 sample plots were selected in-situ and the statistical data of field surveys were used as index data in the evaluation system to conduct a deep analysis on the ecological reconstruction factors for the Malanzhuang Mine. Eleven indicators were selected from vegetation and SPSS 22. 0 software was used for the principal component analysis. The results showed that the first principal component represented the abundance and the contribution rate to the variance from the abundance was the largest. According to the ranking results from No. 11 and No.12 sample plot,Amorpha fruticosa was the dominant species with the most abundance and the best ecological reconstruction effects,while No. 10,5 and 2 plots were dominated by seabuckthorn and C. korshinskii as the dominant species with the lowest abundance and the worst ecological reconstruction effects. The ecological reconstruction effects of other sample plots were moderate. Therefore,it is necessary to take further steps to improve the level of ecological reconstruction of the regional vegetation with poor ecological reconstruction effects,plant the suitable vegetation according to the local conditions,and continuously increase the actual utilization rate of the reclaimed land in the tailing ponds. The evaluation results can provide the theoretical basis for the ecological reconstruction work in the tailings reservoir area.
引文
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[5]王杨扬,赵中秋,原野,等.安太堡露天煤矿3种刺槐复垦模式土壤质量评价[J].中国煤炭,2017(5):130-136.
[6]蒋美琛,田淑芳,詹骞.北京周边重点矿山开采区的植被恢复状况评价[J].中国矿业,2017,26(6):88-94.
[7]梁福利.浅谈马兰庄铁矿的土地复垦[J].矿山机械,2009,37(18):57-58.
[8]夏冬.马兰庄铁矿排土场生态重建试验[J].河北理工大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(3):143-145.
[9]黄安,杨联安,杜挺,等.基于主成分分析的土壤养分综合评价[J].干旱区研究,2014,31(5):819-825.
[10]岳辉,毕银丽.基于主成分分析的矿区微生物复垦生态效应评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(4):113-117.
[11]杜挺,杨联安,张泉,等.县域土壤养分协同克里格和普通克里格空间插值预测比较:以陕西省蓝田县为例[J].陕西师范大学学报,2013,41(3):85-89.
[12]汪劲峰,姜成晟,李连发,等.空间抽样与统计推断[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:80-91.
[13]孙奇奇,宋戈,齐美玲.基于主成分分析的哈尔滨市土地生态安全评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(1):235-238.
[14]杨晓娟,廖超英,孙文艳,等.乌兰布和沙漠东北部沙区人工林土壤肥力质量评价[J].干旱区研究,2012,29(4):605-607.
[15]刘广明,吕真真,杨劲松,等.基于主成分分析及GIS的环渤海区域土壤质量评价[J].排灌机械工程学报,2015,33(1):68-72.