二氧化氯预氧化含藻水过程中副产物的生成规律
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摘要
饮用水处理中广泛应用的二氧化氯对含藻水的预氧化效果明显,但存在无机副产物生成的风险,优化Cl O2在给水处理中的使用、研究其无机副产物的控制方法,对保障饮用水安全具有重要意义.目前,对Cl O2预氧化副产物生成研究尚少,而对其用于处理含藻原水的无机副产物生成研究更是鲜有报道.本研究通过小试配水试验,确定含藻水在Cl O2预氧化过程中除藻效能和无机副产物的生成特性.结果表明,Cl O2与藻类反应后的主要无机副产物是Cl O2-,其生成量随Cl O2投加量、藻初始浓度、初始p H和NOM含量的升高而升高,环境水体浓度水平下的Fe~(~(2+))、Mn~(~(2+))促进Cl O2-生成,NH4+对Cl O2-生成没有影响,且蓝藻与Cl O2反应生成的Cl O2-量明显高于绿藻.
Chlorine dioxide,which is widely used in drinking water treatment,has a significant preoxidation effect on algae-containing water,but there is a risk of inorganic by-product formation. It is of great significance to optimize the application of ClO2 and explore the methods of controlling the by-product formation. There are currently only a few studies on the formation of by-products during the pre-oxidation of ClO2,and evey less reports about the treatment on the algae raw water. In this study,lab-scale experiments were conducted to determine the algae removal efficiency and inorganic by-product generation during ClO2 pre-oxidation on the algae-containing water. The experimental results showed that the amount of ClO2-increased with the increase of ClO2 dosage,the initial concentration of algae,pH and NOM concentration. Environmental concentrations of Fe~(2+)and Mn~(2+)promoted the production of ClO2-,while NH4+had no effect on that. In addition,the amount of ClO2-generated during the process of Cyanophyta removal was significantly higher than that of Chlorophyta.
Chlorine dioxide,which is widely used in drinking water treatment,has a significant preoxidation effect on algae-containing water,but there is a risk of inorganic by-product formation. It is of great significance to optimize the application of ClO2 and explore the methods of controlling the by-product formation. There are currently only a few studies on the formation of by-products during the pre-oxidation of ClO2,and evey less reports about the treatment on the algae raw water. In this study,lab-scale experiments were conducted to determine the algae removal efficiency and inorganic by-product generation during ClO2 pre-oxidation on the algae-containing water. The experimental results showed that the amount of ClO2-increased with the increase of ClO2 dosage,the initial concentration of algae,pH and NOM concentration. Environmental concentrations of Fe~(2+)and Mn~(2+)promoted the production of ClO2-,while NH4+had no effect on that. In addition,the amount of ClO2-generated during the process of Cyanophyta removal was significantly higher than that of Chlorophyta.
引文
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[2]孙云兰.探析水厂常规水处理中的藻类去除工艺[J].科技传播,2013(24):138-139.SUN Y L. Discussion on algae removal process in conventional water treatment in waterworks[J]. Public Communication of Science&Technology,2013(24):138-139(in Chinese).
[3] HUNG M T,LIU J C. Microfiltration for separation of green algae from water[J]. Colloids and Surfaces B:Biointerfaces,2006,51(2):157-164.
[4]何晓梅,古宇力.给水厂中处理高藻水常用的方法[J].能源与环境,2016(4):84-85.HE X M,GU Y L. Common methods for treating high algae water in water plants[J]. Energy and Environment,2016(4):84-85(inChinese).
[5] LASAGNA C,RAFFO E,BIANCHI M,et al. Chlorine dioxine DBPs(Disinfection By-Products)in drinking water[J]. Journal ofBiological Research-Bollettino della SocietàItaliana di Biologia Sperimentale,2013,86(1):22-24.
[6] SUH D H,ABDEL-RAHMAN M S,BULL R J. Effect of chlorine dioxide and its metabolites in drinking water on fetal development in rats[J]. Journal of Applied Toxicology,1983,3(2):75-79.
[7] BERCZ J P,JONES L,GARNER L,et al. Subchronic toxicity of chlorine dioxide and related compounds in drinking water in the non-human primate[J]. Environ Health Perspect,1982,46:47-55.
[8] COURI D,ABDEL-RAHMAN M S,BULL R J. Toxicological effects of chlorine dioxide,chlorite and chlorate[J]. Environ HealthPerspect,1982,46:13-17.
[9]贾瑞宝,王珂,赵吉运,等.二氧化氯灭藻效果研究[C].无锡:全国水处理杀菌灭藻技术交流会,2002.JIA R B,WANG K,ZHAO J Y. Study on chlorine dioxide controlling algae[C]. Wuxi:National Water Treatment and SterilizationTechnology Exchange Meeting,2002(in Chinese).
[10] KORN C,ANDREW R C,ESCOBAR M D. Development of chlorine dioxide-related by-product models for drinking water treatment[J].Water Research,2002,36(1):330-342.
[11]李绍秀,夏文琴,赵德骏,等.二氧化氯杀藻无机副产物亚氯酸盐生成规律研究[J].安全与环境学报,2012,12(2):75-79.LI S X,XIA W Q,ZHAO D J. Formation regularity of the inorganic by-product chlorite in killing algae with chlorine dioxide[J]. Journal ofSafety and Environment,2012,12(2):75-79(in Chinese).
[12]黄君礼.水消毒剂和处理剂:二氧化氯[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.HUANG J L. Water disinfectants and treatment agents:chlorine dioxide[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010(in Chinese).
[13]杨珺.二氧化氯及其无机副产物在饮用水中衰变规律初步研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2008.YANG J. Preliminary study on the decay of chlorine dioxide and the inorganic by-products in drinking water[D]. Nanjing:NanjingUniversity of Science and Technology,2008(in Chinese).
[14] LEE Y J,KIM H T,LEE U G. Formation of chlorite and chlorate from chlorine dioxide with Han river water[J]. Korean Journal ofChemical Engineering,2004,21(3):647-653.
[15] JEONG S W,OH H J,PARK H S,et al. Chlorine dioxide reaction trend and analytical method for chlorine dioxide(ClO),chlorite(ClO-)and chlorate(ClO-)by Ion chromatography[J]. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers,1995,17(6):543-552.
[16] CHEN L,ZHANG J,ZHENG X. Coupling technique for deep removal of manganese and iron from potable water[J]. EnvironmentalEngineering Science,2016,33(4):261-269.