烃源岩排烃期与储层致密期匹配关系的确定及意义——以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组致密油为例
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摘要
烃源岩排烃期与储层致密期匹配关系是致密砂岩油气成藏机理及富集规律研究中尚未得到很好解决的关键问题。在大量数据统计分析的基础上,结合排烃门限理论、孔隙度演化规律和构造演化背景,以有机质成熟度Ro为纽带,探讨了烃源岩排烃期与储层致密期之间的匹配关系。通过对准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组烃源岩有机质丰度、类型和成熟度等特征的分析,认为芦草沟组烃源岩为一套较好-好的烃源岩,以Ⅱ型干酪根为主,处于成熟演化阶段。应用生烃潜力法对芦草沟组烃源岩的排烃特征进行了研究,结果表明其Ro达到约0.73%(埋深约3 200 m)后,烃源岩进入排烃期,开始大量排烃。鉴于芦草沟组砂泥岩互层特征以及Ro与埋深的正相关性,用烃源岩Ro的演化来反映紧邻(互层的)地层的埋深变化。通过对实测岩心孔隙度随埋深演化的统计分析,结果表明在埋深超过约2 700 m(对应Ro约0.6%)后,芦草沟组孔隙度普遍小于10%,整体进入致密期。考虑到Ro的不可逆性,认为芦草沟组致密油具有"先致密,后排烃(成藏)"的特征,该特征在一定程度上为芦草沟组致密油的近源成藏(充注)过程提供了有利地质条件,烃源岩排烃条件决定了宏观上致密油富集区域。
The relationship between reservoir tightening time and hydrocarbon expulsion period is the key issue which has not been well solved in studies on the tight oil and gas accumulation mechanism and enrichment regularity. On the basis of a large amount of data statistical analysis,combined with the theory of hydrocarbon expulsion threshold,porosity evolution and tectonic evolution background,discusses the new method of matching relationship between the stage with a large amount of hydrocarbon expulsion of hydrocarbon source rock and reservoir dense phase. The analysis of organic matter abundance,organic matter type and maturity of Lucaogou formation source rock in Junggar Basin Jimsar sag,suggesting that Lucaogou formation source rock is a set of fair to good hydrocarbon source rocks,mainly dominated by type II kerogen and at the mature stage. According to the hydrocarbon expulsion modelling,the source rocks reached the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold at 0. 73% Ro( buried depth about 3 200 m),and begin to expulse a great quantity of hydrocarbon. In view of Lucaogou formation of sandstone and mudstone interbedded frequently feature,this paper uses the Roof source rocks evolution to reflect the buried depth of adjacent( interbedded) strata. Through to statistical analysis of measured core porosity with depth evolution,it is found that in the depth of more than about 2 700 m( corresponding Roapproximately 0. 6%),Lucaogou formation porosity is generally less than 10%,generally the whole stratum into the dense phase. Considering the irreversibility of Roevolution that Lucaogou formation tight oil is characterized by "tightening before expulsion"or"tightening before accumulation"which provides a favorable geological condition for near-source charging characteristics of Lucaogou tight oil. Hydrocarbon source rock expulsion conditions determine the tight oil accumulation area.
The relationship between reservoir tightening time and hydrocarbon expulsion period is the key issue which has not been well solved in studies on the tight oil and gas accumulation mechanism and enrichment regularity. On the basis of a large amount of data statistical analysis,combined with the theory of hydrocarbon expulsion threshold,porosity evolution and tectonic evolution background,discusses the new method of matching relationship between the stage with a large amount of hydrocarbon expulsion of hydrocarbon source rock and reservoir dense phase. The analysis of organic matter abundance,organic matter type and maturity of Lucaogou formation source rock in Junggar Basin Jimsar sag,suggesting that Lucaogou formation source rock is a set of fair to good hydrocarbon source rocks,mainly dominated by type II kerogen and at the mature stage. According to the hydrocarbon expulsion modelling,the source rocks reached the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold at 0. 73% Ro( buried depth about 3 200 m),and begin to expulse a great quantity of hydrocarbon. In view of Lucaogou formation of sandstone and mudstone interbedded frequently feature,this paper uses the Roof source rocks evolution to reflect the buried depth of adjacent( interbedded) strata. Through to statistical analysis of measured core porosity with depth evolution,it is found that in the depth of more than about 2 700 m( corresponding Roapproximately 0. 6%),Lucaogou formation porosity is generally less than 10%,generally the whole stratum into the dense phase. Considering the irreversibility of Roevolution that Lucaogou formation tight oil is characterized by "tightening before expulsion"or"tightening before accumulation"which provides a favorable geological condition for near-source charging characteristics of Lucaogou tight oil. Hydrocarbon source rock expulsion conditions determine the tight oil accumulation area.
引文
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4 贾承造,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景.石油学报,2012;33(3):343—350Jia Chengzao,Zou Caineng,Li Jianzhong,at al.Assessment criteria,main types,basic features and resource prospects of the tight oil in China.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012;33(3):343—350
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7 杜金虎,何海清,杨涛,等.中国致密油勘探进展及面临的挑战.中国石油勘探,2014;19(1):1—9Du Jinhu,He Haiqing,Yang Tao,at al.Progress in China's tight oil exploration and challenges.China Petroleum Exploration,2014;19(1):1—9
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