油气分段捕获揭示震旦—寒武系天然气成藏过程
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摘要
烃源岩生烃具有时间和空间上的序列性,构造活动和圈闭的形成也具有阶段性,加之富集型古油藏和分散型滞留原油产生的裂解气也会大量运移聚集,因此,油气成藏可能经历多个阶段。基于以上油气分段捕获原理"将今论古"地分析四川盆地南部威远、资阳、高石梯—磨溪3个典型构造的震旦系—寒武系天然气成藏过程与成藏规律,从而预测其他未知区块的成藏潜力。研究认为,高磨地区作为继承性古隆起,震旦系—寒武系圈闭几乎捕获了烃源岩从早期生油到晚期干酪根生气所有阶段的油气;威远、资阳震旦系—寒武系圈闭则仅捕获了部分阶段的油气,对于未知区块——泸州古隆起区来讲,其震旦系—寒武系能捕获生气高峰及其以后阶段所有的天然气,包括分散型滞留原油裂解气和晚期干酪根裂解气,如果落实好储层和圈闭,天然气勘探潜力很大。
Hydrocarbon generation from source rocks follows specific temporal and spatial sequences while tectonic activities and trap formation have different stages. In addition, large volumes of pyrolysis gases resulting from enriched paleo-reservoirs and scattered residual crude oil will migrate and accumulate. Therefore, reservoir formation may undergo multiple stages. The principle of segmented capture of oil and gas was employed to analyze the Sinian–Cambrian natural gas reservoir formation processes and patterns of the three typical reservoir architecture types. The studied reservoirs are the Weiyuan, Ziyang, and Gaoshiti–Moxi in the southern part of the Sichuan Basin. The reservoir formation probabilities of other unknown areas can thereby be estimated. It is concluded that, the Sinian–Cambrian traps in the Gaoshiti–Moxi Area, being a succeeding paleouplift,captured oil and gas formed during nearly all stages. This occurred from the early hydrocarbon generation from source rocks to the late-stage gas generation from kerogen. Meanwhile, the Weiyuan and Ziyang areas only captured oil and gas resulting from some stages. For an unknown area, namely the Luzhou Uplift, it is possible to capture the natural gas resulting from the peak generation stage and the subsequent stages. These include the pyrolysis gases from scattered residual crude oil and late-stage kerogen. If the configurations of the reservoirs and traps are well determined, the area has a great potential for natural gas exploitation.
Hydrocarbon generation from source rocks follows specific temporal and spatial sequences while tectonic activities and trap formation have different stages. In addition, large volumes of pyrolysis gases resulting from enriched paleo-reservoirs and scattered residual crude oil will migrate and accumulate. Therefore, reservoir formation may undergo multiple stages. The principle of segmented capture of oil and gas was employed to analyze the Sinian–Cambrian natural gas reservoir formation processes and patterns of the three typical reservoir architecture types. The studied reservoirs are the Weiyuan, Ziyang, and Gaoshiti–Moxi in the southern part of the Sichuan Basin. The reservoir formation probabilities of other unknown areas can thereby be estimated. It is concluded that, the Sinian–Cambrian traps in the Gaoshiti–Moxi Area, being a succeeding paleouplift,captured oil and gas formed during nearly all stages. This occurred from the early hydrocarbon generation from source rocks to the late-stage gas generation from kerogen. Meanwhile, the Weiyuan and Ziyang areas only captured oil and gas resulting from some stages. For an unknown area, namely the Luzhou Uplift, it is possible to capture the natural gas resulting from the peak generation stage and the subsequent stages. These include the pyrolysis gases from scattered residual crude oil and late-stage kerogen. If the configurations of the reservoirs and traps are well determined, the area has a great potential for natural gas exploitation.
引文
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[8]姜华,汪泽成,杜宏宇,等.乐山一龙女寺古隆起构造演化与新元古界震旦系天然气成藏[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(2):192-200. doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2014.02.0192JIANG Hua, WANG Zecheng, DU Hongyu, et al. Tectonic evolution of the Leshan-Longnvsi paleo-uplift and reservoir formation of Neoproterozoic Sinian gas[J]. Natural Gas Geosciences, 2014, 25(2):192-200. doi:10.11764/j.-issn.1672-1926.2014.02.0192
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[13]李剑,马卫,王义凤,等.腐泥型烃源岩生排烃模拟实验与全过程生烃演化模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2018,45(3):445-454. doi:10.11698/PED.2018.03.09LI Jian, MA Wei, WANG Yifeng, et al. Modeling of the whole hydrocarbon-generating process of sapropelic source rock[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018, 45(3):445-454. doi:10.11698/PED.2018.03.09
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