江西金盆山省级自然保护区两栖动物资源调查
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摘要
生物多样性编目是自然保护区有效管理的基础,为了解江西金盆山自然保护区两栖动物多样性特点,于2015年7—9月和2016年4—6月,选取8条样线开展调查,每条样线至少重复1次。结果表明:保护区有两栖动物2目8科18属25种。该区动物区系主要为东洋界华中区与华南区共有种为主(76%),无古北种;保护区中树栖型蛙类最少。保护区有国家Ⅱ级重点保护动物1种,为虎纹蛙(Hoplobatrachus rugulosus);江西省重点保护动物8种,中国特有种13种,4种列为受胁物种。在此基础上与其相邻的保护区做了动物区系相似性(AFP)比较,结果显示,金盆山自然保护区两栖动物与南矶山自然保护区两栖动物(0.589 1)为周缘关系,与其他自然保护区为密切关系。由于调查强度受范围、天气等原因的限制,建议应进一步加强该保护区两栖动物的调查。
The understanding of the composition of regional biological species is the foundation of conservation of regional species diversity. The amphibian resources had not been surveyed in the Jinpenshan Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province in China since its establishment.25 species of amphibians belonging to 2 orders,8 families and 18 genus were found in the reserve based on several surveys from July-September 2015 and AprilJune 2016 by direct observation in eight transects,the survey was repeated in each sample line at least once.The results showed that,most of the amphibians were common species in Central China flora and South China flora( 76%),widespread species accounted for 8%,no Palaearctic species were found,only 3 species of arboreal frogs were found,which was the least.One specie( Hoplobatrachus rugulosus) belonging to class II of the national key protected bird list,8 species belonging to the protected wildlife of Jiangxi Province were found.13 species were endemic to China,4 species were the threatened species.The comparison of the average faunal resemblance( AFP) with that of the neighboring nature reserve showed,there was peripheral relationship( 0.5891) in amphibians between Jinpenshan nature reserve and Nanjishan nature reserve,and close relationship with other nature reserves.The investigation of the amphibians in this reserve area should be further strengthened due to the limitation of investigation intensity,scope and weather.
The understanding of the composition of regional biological species is the foundation of conservation of regional species diversity. The amphibian resources had not been surveyed in the Jinpenshan Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province in China since its establishment.25 species of amphibians belonging to 2 orders,8 families and 18 genus were found in the reserve based on several surveys from July-September 2015 and AprilJune 2016 by direct observation in eight transects,the survey was repeated in each sample line at least once.The results showed that,most of the amphibians were common species in Central China flora and South China flora( 76%),widespread species accounted for 8%,no Palaearctic species were found,only 3 species of arboreal frogs were found,which was the least.One specie( Hoplobatrachus rugulosus) belonging to class II of the national key protected bird list,8 species belonging to the protected wildlife of Jiangxi Province were found.13 species were endemic to China,4 species were the threatened species.The comparison of the average faunal resemblance( AFP) with that of the neighboring nature reserve showed,there was peripheral relationship( 0.5891) in amphibians between Jinpenshan nature reserve and Nanjishan nature reserve,and close relationship with other nature reserves.The investigation of the amphibians in this reserve area should be further strengthened due to the limitation of investigation intensity,scope and weather.
引文
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[20]黄族豪,吴华钦,陈东,等.井冈山自然保护区两栖动物多样性与保护[J].江西科学,2007,25(5):643-647.Huang Z H,Wu H Q,Chen D,et al.Amphibian diversity and conservation in Jinggangshan Nature Reserve[J].Jiangxi Science,2007,25(5):643-647.
[21]刘信中,肖忠优,马建华,等.九连山自然保护区科考察与森林生态系统研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2002.Liu X Z,Xiao Z Y,Ma J H,et al.Science survey and study on the forest ecosystem in Jiangxi Jiulianshan Nature Reserve[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2002.
[22]陈春泉,宋玉赞,黄晓凤,等.江西七星岭自然保护区两栖动物资源调查初报[J].江西科学,2006,24(6):505-508.Chen C Q,Song Y Z,Huang X F,et al.A preliminary census on amphibian resources in the Qixingling Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province[J].Jiangxi Science,2006,24(6):505-508.
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[24]杨道德,刘松,费冬波,等.江西齐云山自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查与区系分析[J].动物学杂志,2008,43(6):68-76.Yang D D,Liu S,Fei D B,et al.Field survey and faunal analysis on herpetological resources in Qiyunshan Nature Reserve,Jiangxi Province[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,2008,43(6):68-76.
[25]饶纪腾,遇宝成,罗键,等.广东省车八岭国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查[J].四川动物,2013,32(1):131-136.Rao J T,Yu B C,Luo J,et al.[J].Herpetological resources in Chebaling National Nature Reserve[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2013,32(1):131-136.
[26]中国科学院中国动物志编辑委员会.中国动物志(两栖纲·上卷·总论·蚓螈目·有尾目)[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.Editorial Committee of Fauna Sinica,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Fauna sinica(Amphibia·Scroller General·Caecilians·Caudata)[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.
[2]Pounds J A,Bustamante M R,Coloma L A,et al.Widespread amphibian extinctions from epidemic disease driven by global warming[J].Nature,2006,439:161-167.
[3]Wake D B.Climate change implicated in amphibian and lizard declines[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2007,104:8201-8202.
[4]武正军,李义明.两栖类种群数量下降原因及保护对策[J].生态学杂志,2004,23(1):140-146.Wu Z J,Li Y M.Causes and conservation strategies of amphibian population declination[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2004,23(1):140-146.
[5]江建平,谢锋,臧春鑫,等.中国两栖动物受威胁现状评估[J].生物多样性,2016,24(5):588-597.Jiang J J,Xie F,Zang C X,et al.Assessing the threat status of amphibians in China[J].Biodiversity Science,2016,24(5):588-597.
[6]王同亮,程林,兰文军,等.江西武夷山国家级自然保护区两栖动物多样性及海拔分布特点[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(7):2009-2014.Wang T L,Cheng L,Lan W J,et al.Species diversity and vertical distribution characteristics of amphibians in Wuyishan Nature Reserve,Jiangxi Province[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2015,34(7):2009-2014.
[7]苗春,祝于红,袁荣斌,等.江西金盆山自然保护区夏季鱼类物种多样性初步调查[J].水产学杂志,2016,29(4):28-32.Miao C,Zhu Y H,Yuan R B,et al.Fish species diversity in Jinpenshan Nature Reserve Zone,Jiangxi Province,in Summer[J].Chinese Journal of Fisheries,2016,29(4):28-32.
[8]谢锋,刘惠宁,Stuart S N,等.中国两栖动物保护需求总述,中国科学C辑[J].生命科学,2006,36(6):570-581.Xie F,Liu H N,Stuart S N,et al.An overview of the demand for protection of amphibians in China,Science in China Series C[J].Life Sciences,2006,36(6):570-581.
[9]费梁,叶昌媛,江建平.中国两栖动物及其分布彩色图鉴[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2012.Fei L,Ye C Y,Jiang J P.Colored atlas of Chinese amphibians and their distributions[M].Chengdu:Sichuan Science and Technology Press,2012.
[10]李言阔,单继红,龚瑜.江西省两栖类动物多样性与地理区划[J].动物学杂志,2013,48(6):919-925.Li Y K,Shan J H,Gong Y.The amphibian species diversity and zoogeographic division in Jiangxi Province[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,2013,48(6):919-925.
[11]吴炳贤,杨道德,刘应志,等.湖南黄桑国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物多样性及区系分析[J].四川动物,2016,35(4):601-607.Wu B X,Yang D D,Liu Y Z,et al.Analysis on herpetological diversity and fauna in Huangsang National Nature Reserve,Hunan Province[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2016,35(4):601-607.
[12]李健星,刘以珍,葛刚,等.江西金盆山自然保护区种子植物区系研究[J].西北植物学报,2016,36(11):2322-2333.Li J X,Liu Y Z,Ge G,et al.Study on the flora of seed plants in Jinpenshan Nature Reserve,Jiangxi Province[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2016,36(11):2322-2333.
[13]费梁,胡淑琴,叶昌媛,等.中国动物志两栖纲(中卷)无尾目[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.Fei L,Hu S Q,Ye C Y,et al.Fauna sinica,amphibia(Medium),Anura[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009.
[14]蒋志刚,江建平,王跃招,等.中国脊椎动物红色名录[J].生物多样性,2016,24(5):500-551.Jiang Z G,Jiang J P,Wang Y Z,et al.Red list of China's vertebrates[J].Biodiversity Science,2016,24(5):500-551.
[15]张荣祖.中国动物地理[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.Zhang R Z.Zoogeography of China[M].Beijing:Science Press,2011.
[16]Long C A.Mathematical formulas expressing faunal resemblance[J].Trans Kan Acad Sci,1963,66(1):138-140.
[17]钟昌富.江西省两栖动物区系与地理区划[C]//赵尔宓,中国两栖动物地理区划:蛇蛙研究丛书(八),成都:《四川动物》杂志社,1995:101-106.Zhong C F,Jiangxi Province’s amphibian fauna and geographic division//Zhao E M,Geographical division of Chinese amphibians:Snake frog research series(8),Chengdu:Sichuan Journal of Zoology,1995,101-106.
[18]杨道德,谷颖乐,刘松,等.江西庐山自然保护区两栖动物资源调查与评价[J].四川动物,2007,26(2):362-365.Yang D D,Gu Y L,Liu S,et al.Survey and evaluation of amphibian resources in Lushan Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2007,26(2):362-365.
[19]杨道德,熊建利.江西南矶山自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查与评价[J].四川动物,2006,25(2):285-289.Yang D D,Xiong J L.Survey and evaluation of herpetological resources in Nanjishan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2006,25(2):285-289.
[20]黄族豪,吴华钦,陈东,等.井冈山自然保护区两栖动物多样性与保护[J].江西科学,2007,25(5):643-647.Huang Z H,Wu H Q,Chen D,et al.Amphibian diversity and conservation in Jinggangshan Nature Reserve[J].Jiangxi Science,2007,25(5):643-647.
[21]刘信中,肖忠优,马建华,等.九连山自然保护区科考察与森林生态系统研究[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2002.Liu X Z,Xiao Z Y,Ma J H,et al.Science survey and study on the forest ecosystem in Jiangxi Jiulianshan Nature Reserve[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2002.
[22]陈春泉,宋玉赞,黄晓凤,等.江西七星岭自然保护区两栖动物资源调查初报[J].江西科学,2006,24(6):505-508.Chen C Q,Song Y Z,Huang X F,et al.A preliminary census on amphibian resources in the Qixingling Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province[J].Jiangxi Science,2006,24(6):505-508.
[23]杨道德,熊建利,蒋志刚,等.江西桃红岭梅花鹿国家级自然保护区两栖动物资源调查[J].动物学杂志,2007,42(6):79-84.Yang D D,Xiong J L,Jiang Z G,et al.Survey on amphibian resources in Taohongling Sika Deer National Nature Reserve,Jiangxi Province[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,2007,42(6):79-84.
[24]杨道德,刘松,费冬波,等.江西齐云山自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查与区系分析[J].动物学杂志,2008,43(6):68-76.Yang D D,Liu S,Fei D B,et al.Field survey and faunal analysis on herpetological resources in Qiyunshan Nature Reserve,Jiangxi Province[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,2008,43(6):68-76.
[25]饶纪腾,遇宝成,罗键,等.广东省车八岭国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查[J].四川动物,2013,32(1):131-136.Rao J T,Yu B C,Luo J,et al.[J].Herpetological resources in Chebaling National Nature Reserve[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2013,32(1):131-136.
[26]中国科学院中国动物志编辑委员会.中国动物志(两栖纲·上卷·总论·蚓螈目·有尾目)[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.Editorial Committee of Fauna Sinica,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Fauna sinica(Amphibia·Scroller General·Caecilians·Caudata)[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.