南海北部深水区LS33a钻井微体古生物年代地层格架
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摘要
南海北部琼东南盆地深水区接收了渐新世以来数千米厚的海相沉积地层,蕴藏着丰富的微体古生物化石。对深水区LS33a钻井岩芯的取样和化石鉴定,识别出21个浮游有孔虫化石带(N22带~P19带)和12个钙质超微化石带(NN19带~NP24带)。通过与大洋钻探(ODP)在南海实施的184航次的钻探结果和"国际年代地层表(2012)"等的对比分析,探讨了化石事件的地质年代意义,构建了LS33a钻井生物年代地层格架。在此基础上,讨论了更新统与上新统、上上新统与下上新统、上新统与中新统、上中新统与中中新统、中中新统与下中新统、中新统与渐新统、上渐新统与下渐新统之间地层界线位置以及崖城组、陵水组、三亚组、梅山组、黄流组、莺歌海组和乐东组地层的时代归属,建立了适用于南海北部深水区的高分辨率综合年代地层格架。
Since the Oligocene,thousands of meters of marine strata have been deposited in the deep water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the northern South China Sea,in which micro-fossils are enriched. Twenty-one planktonic foraminiferal fossil zones( N22 zone-P19 zone) and twelve calcareous nannofossil zones( NN19 zone-NP24 zone)were recognized by fossil identification of the cored samples from drilling LS33 a in deep water area. Combined with previous results of the ODP184 Leg implemented in the South China Sea and the Geologic Time Scale 2012,the geological ages of the fossil events were discussed,and the chronostratigraphic framework based on micro-paleontological data from drilling LS33 a was constructed. On this basis,this paper discusses the position of the stratigraphic boundary between the Pleistocene and the Pliocene,the Upper Pliocene and the Lower Pliocene,the Pliocene and the Miocene,the Upper Miocene and the Middle Miocene,the Middle Miocene and the Lower Miocene,the Miocene and the Oligocene,the Upper Oligocene and the Lower Oligocene,defines the age assignment of Yacheng Formation,Lingshui Formation,Sanya Formation,Meishan Formation,Huangliu Formation,Yinggehai Formation and Ledong Formation,and finally establishes a high-resolution comprehensive chronostratigraphic framework suitable for the deep water area of the northern South China Sea.
Since the Oligocene,thousands of meters of marine strata have been deposited in the deep water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the northern South China Sea,in which micro-fossils are enriched. Twenty-one planktonic foraminiferal fossil zones( N22 zone-P19 zone) and twelve calcareous nannofossil zones( NN19 zone-NP24 zone)were recognized by fossil identification of the cored samples from drilling LS33 a in deep water area. Combined with previous results of the ODP184 Leg implemented in the South China Sea and the Geologic Time Scale 2012,the geological ages of the fossil events were discussed,and the chronostratigraphic framework based on micro-paleontological data from drilling LS33 a was constructed. On this basis,this paper discusses the position of the stratigraphic boundary between the Pleistocene and the Pliocene,the Upper Pliocene and the Lower Pliocene,the Pliocene and the Miocene,the Upper Miocene and the Middle Miocene,the Middle Miocene and the Lower Miocene,the Miocene and the Oligocene,the Upper Oligocene and the Lower Oligocene,defines the age assignment of Yacheng Formation,Lingshui Formation,Sanya Formation,Meishan Formation,Huangliu Formation,Yinggehai Formation and Ledong Formation,and finally establishes a high-resolution comprehensive chronostratigraphic framework suitable for the deep water area of the northern South China Sea.
引文
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[3]Bolli H M,Saunders J B,Perch-Nielsen K.Plankton stratigraphy[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1985.
[4]Martini E.Standard tertiary and quaternary calcareous nannoplankton zonation[C]//Proceedings of the 2nd Planktonic Conference.Roma:Edizioni Tecnoscienza,1971:738-785.
[5]Bukry D.Low-latitude coccolith biostratigraphic zonation[M]//Edgar N T,Saunders J B.Initial reports of the deep sea drilling project.Washington,U.S:Government Printing Office,1973:685-703.
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[10]郝诒纯,陈平富,万晓樵,等.南海北部莺歌海-琼东南盆地晚第三纪层序地层与海平面变化[J].现代地质,2000,14(3):237-245.[Hao Yichun,Chen Pingfu,Wan Xiaoqiao,et al.Late tertiary sequence stratigraphy and sea level changes in YinggehaiQiongdongnan Basin[J].Geoscience,2000,14(3):237-245.]
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[12]谢金有,祝幼华,麦文,等.南海北部莺琼盆地钙质超微化石年代地层研究[J].微体古生物学报,2010,27(4):289-298.[Xie Jinyou,Zhu Youhua,Mai Wen,et al.Chronostratigraphy of calcareous nannofossils in the Yinggehai-Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern South China Sea[J].Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,2010,27(4):289-298.]
[13]谢金有,祝幼华,李绪深,等.南海北部大陆架莺琼盆地新生代海平面变化[J].海相油气地质,2012,17(1):49-58.[Xie Jinyou,Zhu Youhua,Li Xushen,et al.The Cenozoic sea-level changes in Yinggehai-Qiongdongnan Basin,northern South China Sea[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2012,17(1):49-58.]
[14]何卫军,谢金有,刘新宇,等.莺歌海盆地DF1-1-11井有孔虫生物地层与沉积环境研究[J].地层学杂志,2011,35(1):81-87.[He Weijun,Xie Jinyou,Liu Xinyu,et al.Foraminiferal biostratigraphy and sedimentary environment reconstruction based on paleontological data from bore hole DF1-1-11,Yinggehai Basin[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2011,35(1):81-87.]
[15]王振峰.深水重要油气储层:琼东南盆地中央峡谷体系[J].沉积学报,2012,30(4):646-653.[Wang Zhenfeng.Important deepwater hydrocarbon reservoirs:the Central Canyon System in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2012,30(4):646-653.]
[16]王振峰,李绪深,孙志鹏,等.琼东南盆地深水区油气成藏条件和勘探潜力[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(1):7-13,31.[Wang Zhenfeng,Li Xushen,Sun Zhipeng,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and exploration potential in the deep-water region,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2011,23(1):7-13,31.]
[17]Ren J Y,Zhang D J,Tong D J,et al.Characterising the nature,evolution and origin of detachment fault in central depression belt,Qiongdongnan Basin of South China Sea:Evidence from seismic reflection data[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,33(12):118-126.
[18]Wang Z F,Liu Z,Cao S,et al.Vertical migration through faults and hydrocarbon accumulation patterns in deepwater areas of the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,33(12):96-106.
[19]雷超,任建业,裴健翔,等.琼东南盆地深水区构造格局和幕式演化过程[J].地球科学---中国地质大学学报,2011,36(1):151-162.[Lei Chao,Ren Jianye,Pei Jianxiang,et al.Tectonic framework and multiple episode tectonic evolution in deepwater area of Qiongdongnan Basin,northern continental margin of South China Sea[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2011,36(1):151-162.]
[20]Taylor B,Hayes D E.Origin and history of the South China Sea Basin[C]//Proceedings of 1983 the tectonic and geologic evolution of Southeast Asian seas and islands:Part 2.Washington,D.C:American Geophysical Union,1983,27:23-56.
[21]Hu B,Wang L S,Yan W B,et al.The tectonic evolution of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the northern margin of the South China Sea[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,77:163-182.
[22]朱伟林,张功成,杨少坤,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地天然气地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007:1-391.[Zhu Weilin,Zhang Gongcheng,Yang Shaokun,et al.The natural gas geology in the continental margin basin of northern South China Sea[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007:1-391.]
[23]孙转,刘豪,吴哲.南海琼东南盆地新生代构造层序研究[J].海洋石油,2011,31(1):8-15.[Sun Zhuan,Liu Hao,Wu Zhe.The analysis of Cenozoic tectonic sequence of Qiongdongnan Basin in the South China Sea[J].Offshore Oil,2011,31(1):8-15.]
[24]Liu X F,Zhang D J,Zhai S K,et al.A heavy mineral viewpoint on sediment provenance and environment in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(4):41-55.
[25]翟世奎,刘晓锋,孙志鹏,等.南海北部深水区古生物地层和沉积古环境演变[C]//第十七届中国科协年会论文集.广州:中国科学技术协会,广东省人民政府,2015.[Zhai Shikui,Liu Xiaofeng,Sun Zhipeng,et al.Biostratigraphy and sedimentary paleoenvironment reconstruction in deepwater area of the northern South China Sea[C]//Proceedings of the 17th annual meeting of China association for science and technology.Guangzhou:China Association for Science and Technology,People's Government of Guangdong Province,2015.]
[26]Wang P X,Zhao Q H,Jian Z M,et al.Thirty million year deepsea records in the South China Sea[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(23):2524-2535.
[27]Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Schmitz M D,et al.The geologic time scale 2012[M].Amsterdam Boston:Elsevier,2012:5-13.
[28]Wang P X,Prell W L,Blum P,et al.Proceedings of the Ocean Drlling Program,initial reports(Leg 184)South China Sea[R].Texas A&M University,College Station,TX(Ocean Drilling Program),2000:25-38.
[29]李前裕,Lourens L,汪品先.新近纪海相生物地层事件年龄新编[J].地层学杂志,2007,31(3):197-208.[Li Qianyu,Lourens L,Wang Pinxian.New ages for Neogene marine biostratigraphic events[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2007,31(3):197-208.]
[30]Berggren W A,Kent D V,Swisher C C,et al.A revised cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy[M]//Berggren W A,Kent D V,Aubry M P,et al.Geochronology,time scales and global stratigraphic correlation.Tulsa,Okla:Society for Sedimentary Geology,1995:129-212.
[31]Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Smith A G,et al.A geologic time scale2004[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2004:1-500.
[32]Kennett J P,Srinivana M S.Neogene planktonic foraminifera:a phylogenetic atlas[M].Stroudsburg:Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company,1983:1-265.
[33]Lourens L J,Hilgen F J,Shackleton N J,et al.The neogene period[M]//Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Smith A G.A geologic time scale 2004.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2005:409-440.
[34]Thompson P R,Abbott W H.Chronostratigraphy and microfossilderived sea-level history of the Qiongdongnan and Yinggehai Basins,South China Sea[M]//Olson H C,Leckie R M.Micropaleontologic proxies for sea-level change and stratigraphic discontinuities.Tulsa,Okla:Society for Sedimentary Geology,2003(75):97-117.
[35]Perch N K.Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils[M]//Bolli H M,Saunders J B,Perch-Nielsen K,et al.Plankton stratigraphy.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1985:427-554.
[36]苏新,马维林,程振波.中太平洋海山区富钴结壳的钙质超微化石地层学研究[J].地球科学---中国地质大学学报,2004,29(2):141-147.[Su Xin,Ma Weilin,Cheng Zhenbo.Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy for Co-Rich ferromanganese crusts from central Pacific seamounts[J].Earth Science-Journal of China U-niversity of Geosciences,2004,29(2):141-147.]
[2]Blow W H.The cainozoic globigerinida[M].Leiden:E.J.Brill.1979.
[3]Bolli H M,Saunders J B,Perch-Nielsen K.Plankton stratigraphy[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1985.
[4]Martini E.Standard tertiary and quaternary calcareous nannoplankton zonation[C]//Proceedings of the 2nd Planktonic Conference.Roma:Edizioni Tecnoscienza,1971:738-785.
[5]Bukry D.Low-latitude coccolith biostratigraphic zonation[M]//Edgar N T,Saunders J B.Initial reports of the deep sea drilling project.Washington,U.S:Government Printing Office,1973:685-703.
[6]Okada H,Bukry D.Supplementary modification and introduction of code numbers to the low-latitude coccolith biostratigraphic zonation(Bukry,1973;1975)[J].Marine Micropaleontology,1980,5:321-325.
[7]曾鼎乾.南海北部大陆架第三系[M].广州:广东科技出版社,1981:1-258.[Zeng Dingqian.Tertiary in continental shelf of northern South China Sea[M].Guangzhou:Guangdong Science&Technology Press,1981:1-258.]
[8]Duan W W,Huang Y Y.Tertiary calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy in the north part of the South China Sea[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1991,4(3):321-339.
[9]蒋仲雄,曾麟,李明兴.中国油气区第三系(Ⅷ):南海北部大陆架油气区分册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:1-145.[Jiang Zhongxiong,Zeng Lin,Li Mingxing.Tertiary in Petroliferous Regions of China(Ⅷ):The north continental shelf region of South China Sea[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1994:1-145.]
[10]郝诒纯,陈平富,万晓樵,等.南海北部莺歌海-琼东南盆地晚第三纪层序地层与海平面变化[J].现代地质,2000,14(3):237-245.[Hao Yichun,Chen Pingfu,Wan Xiaoqiao,et al.Late tertiary sequence stratigraphy and sea level changes in YinggehaiQiongdongnan Basin[J].Geoscience,2000,14(3):237-245.]
[11]刘新宇,谢金有,张伙兰,等.南海北部莺琼盆地浮游有孔虫年代地层研究[J].微体古生物学报,2009,26(2):181-192.[Liu Xinyu,Xie Jinyou,Zhang Huolan,et al.Chronostratigraphy of planktonic foraminifera in the Yinggehai-Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,2009,26(2):181-192.]
[12]谢金有,祝幼华,麦文,等.南海北部莺琼盆地钙质超微化石年代地层研究[J].微体古生物学报,2010,27(4):289-298.[Xie Jinyou,Zhu Youhua,Mai Wen,et al.Chronostratigraphy of calcareous nannofossils in the Yinggehai-Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern South China Sea[J].Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,2010,27(4):289-298.]
[13]谢金有,祝幼华,李绪深,等.南海北部大陆架莺琼盆地新生代海平面变化[J].海相油气地质,2012,17(1):49-58.[Xie Jinyou,Zhu Youhua,Li Xushen,et al.The Cenozoic sea-level changes in Yinggehai-Qiongdongnan Basin,northern South China Sea[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2012,17(1):49-58.]
[14]何卫军,谢金有,刘新宇,等.莺歌海盆地DF1-1-11井有孔虫生物地层与沉积环境研究[J].地层学杂志,2011,35(1):81-87.[He Weijun,Xie Jinyou,Liu Xinyu,et al.Foraminiferal biostratigraphy and sedimentary environment reconstruction based on paleontological data from bore hole DF1-1-11,Yinggehai Basin[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2011,35(1):81-87.]
[15]王振峰.深水重要油气储层:琼东南盆地中央峡谷体系[J].沉积学报,2012,30(4):646-653.[Wang Zhenfeng.Important deepwater hydrocarbon reservoirs:the Central Canyon System in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2012,30(4):646-653.]
[16]王振峰,李绪深,孙志鹏,等.琼东南盆地深水区油气成藏条件和勘探潜力[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(1):7-13,31.[Wang Zhenfeng,Li Xushen,Sun Zhipeng,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and exploration potential in the deep-water region,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2011,23(1):7-13,31.]
[17]Ren J Y,Zhang D J,Tong D J,et al.Characterising the nature,evolution and origin of detachment fault in central depression belt,Qiongdongnan Basin of South China Sea:Evidence from seismic reflection data[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,33(12):118-126.
[18]Wang Z F,Liu Z,Cao S,et al.Vertical migration through faults and hydrocarbon accumulation patterns in deepwater areas of the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,33(12):96-106.
[19]雷超,任建业,裴健翔,等.琼东南盆地深水区构造格局和幕式演化过程[J].地球科学---中国地质大学学报,2011,36(1):151-162.[Lei Chao,Ren Jianye,Pei Jianxiang,et al.Tectonic framework and multiple episode tectonic evolution in deepwater area of Qiongdongnan Basin,northern continental margin of South China Sea[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2011,36(1):151-162.]
[20]Taylor B,Hayes D E.Origin and history of the South China Sea Basin[C]//Proceedings of 1983 the tectonic and geologic evolution of Southeast Asian seas and islands:Part 2.Washington,D.C:American Geophysical Union,1983,27:23-56.
[21]Hu B,Wang L S,Yan W B,et al.The tectonic evolution of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the northern margin of the South China Sea[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,77:163-182.
[22]朱伟林,张功成,杨少坤,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地天然气地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007:1-391.[Zhu Weilin,Zhang Gongcheng,Yang Shaokun,et al.The natural gas geology in the continental margin basin of northern South China Sea[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007:1-391.]
[23]孙转,刘豪,吴哲.南海琼东南盆地新生代构造层序研究[J].海洋石油,2011,31(1):8-15.[Sun Zhuan,Liu Hao,Wu Zhe.The analysis of Cenozoic tectonic sequence of Qiongdongnan Basin in the South China Sea[J].Offshore Oil,2011,31(1):8-15.]
[24]Liu X F,Zhang D J,Zhai S K,et al.A heavy mineral viewpoint on sediment provenance and environment in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(4):41-55.
[25]翟世奎,刘晓锋,孙志鹏,等.南海北部深水区古生物地层和沉积古环境演变[C]//第十七届中国科协年会论文集.广州:中国科学技术协会,广东省人民政府,2015.[Zhai Shikui,Liu Xiaofeng,Sun Zhipeng,et al.Biostratigraphy and sedimentary paleoenvironment reconstruction in deepwater area of the northern South China Sea[C]//Proceedings of the 17th annual meeting of China association for science and technology.Guangzhou:China Association for Science and Technology,People's Government of Guangdong Province,2015.]
[26]Wang P X,Zhao Q H,Jian Z M,et al.Thirty million year deepsea records in the South China Sea[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(23):2524-2535.
[27]Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Schmitz M D,et al.The geologic time scale 2012[M].Amsterdam Boston:Elsevier,2012:5-13.
[28]Wang P X,Prell W L,Blum P,et al.Proceedings of the Ocean Drlling Program,initial reports(Leg 184)South China Sea[R].Texas A&M University,College Station,TX(Ocean Drilling Program),2000:25-38.
[29]李前裕,Lourens L,汪品先.新近纪海相生物地层事件年龄新编[J].地层学杂志,2007,31(3):197-208.[Li Qianyu,Lourens L,Wang Pinxian.New ages for Neogene marine biostratigraphic events[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2007,31(3):197-208.]
[30]Berggren W A,Kent D V,Swisher C C,et al.A revised cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy[M]//Berggren W A,Kent D V,Aubry M P,et al.Geochronology,time scales and global stratigraphic correlation.Tulsa,Okla:Society for Sedimentary Geology,1995:129-212.
[31]Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Smith A G,et al.A geologic time scale2004[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2004:1-500.
[32]Kennett J P,Srinivana M S.Neogene planktonic foraminifera:a phylogenetic atlas[M].Stroudsburg:Hutchinson Ross Publishing Company,1983:1-265.
[33]Lourens L J,Hilgen F J,Shackleton N J,et al.The neogene period[M]//Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Smith A G.A geologic time scale 2004.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2005:409-440.
[34]Thompson P R,Abbott W H.Chronostratigraphy and microfossilderived sea-level history of the Qiongdongnan and Yinggehai Basins,South China Sea[M]//Olson H C,Leckie R M.Micropaleontologic proxies for sea-level change and stratigraphic discontinuities.Tulsa,Okla:Society for Sedimentary Geology,2003(75):97-117.
[35]Perch N K.Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils[M]//Bolli H M,Saunders J B,Perch-Nielsen K,et al.Plankton stratigraphy.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1985:427-554.
[36]苏新,马维林,程振波.中太平洋海山区富钴结壳的钙质超微化石地层学研究[J].地球科学---中国地质大学学报,2004,29(2):141-147.[Su Xin,Ma Weilin,Cheng Zhenbo.Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy for Co-Rich ferromanganese crusts from central Pacific seamounts[J].Earth Science-Journal of China U-niversity of Geosciences,2004,29(2):141-147.]