人工诱导珠芽黄魔芋开花结子研究
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摘要
以珠芽黄魔芋(Amorphophallus konjac K.Koch)2个量级球茎为供试材料,采用喷施不同浓度梯度生长素和赤霉素等体积混合溶液,以及光照、自然阴干、花芽分化后和分化前埋入基质中的技术手段,探究人工诱导珠芽黄魔芋开花结子的方法。结果表明,2.0 kg及以上球茎的开花率均要高于1.0～1.5 kg的球茎,最高的开花率达93.33%;2.0 kg及以上球茎在光照处理条件下,生长调节剂浓度配比为1∶1 200,花芽分化后埋入基质中的结子率最高,达81.11%;2.0 kg及以上球茎在自然阴干处理条件下,生长调节剂浓度配比为1∶800,花芽分化后埋入基质中的种子数量最多,达4 442粒,繁殖倍数将近300倍。2.0 kg及以上的球茎,生长调节剂浓度配比为1∶400～1∶1 200,花芽分化后埋入基质中的方法可在生产实践中推广应用。
Two orders of magnitude corms of bulbil-yellow konjac(Amorphophallus konjac K.Koch) were used as test materials.The method of artificial induction blooming and seeding of bulbil-yellow konjac were studied through technical means that spraying mixed solution of gradient auxin and gibberellin at different coentrations,light treatment,drying in natural shade,embedding medium after and before flower bud differentiation.The results showed that the 2.0 kilogram and above corm of abloom rate is higher than 1.0～1.5 kilogram corm,the highest abloom rate reach 93.33%.The 2.0 kilogram and above corm of seed setting rate reach 81.11%,that is the highest with condition of light treatment,hormone ratio is 1∶1 200,and embedding medium after flower bud differentiation.The 2.0 kilogram and above corm of seed amount is the most,there are4 442 seeds,and the breeding multiple is nearly 300 times,that is in condition of drying in natural shade,hormone ratio is1 ∶800,and embedding medium after flower bud differentiation.In conclusion,the method of the 2.0 kilogram and above corm,hormone ratio is 1∶400～1∶1 200,and embedding medium after flower bud differentiation,is worth popularizing and applying in production practice.
Two orders of magnitude corms of bulbil-yellow konjac(Amorphophallus konjac K.Koch) were used as test materials.The method of artificial induction blooming and seeding of bulbil-yellow konjac were studied through technical means that spraying mixed solution of gradient auxin and gibberellin at different coentrations,light treatment,drying in natural shade,embedding medium after and before flower bud differentiation.The results showed that the 2.0 kilogram and above corm of abloom rate is higher than 1.0～1.5 kilogram corm,the highest abloom rate reach 93.33%.The 2.0 kilogram and above corm of seed setting rate reach 81.11%,that is the highest with condition of light treatment,hormone ratio is 1∶1 200,and embedding medium after flower bud differentiation.The 2.0 kilogram and above corm of seed amount is the most,there are4 442 seeds,and the breeding multiple is nearly 300 times,that is in condition of drying in natural shade,hormone ratio is1 ∶800,and embedding medium after flower bud differentiation.In conclusion,the method of the 2.0 kilogram and above corm,hormone ratio is 1∶400～1∶1 200,and embedding medium after flower bud differentiation,is worth popularizing and applying in production practice.
引文
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[2]张风洁,刘海利,张洁,等.珠芽魔芋资源研究进展[J].南方农业,2013,7(8):64-67.
[3]刘佩英.魔芋学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.
[4]李恒,龙春林.中国魔芋属的分类问题[J].云南植物研究,1998,20(2):167-170.
[5]李恒.从生态地理探索天南星科的起源[J].云南植物研究,1996,18(1):14-42.
[6]张东华,赵建荣,周凡,等.中缅边境一带发展潜力巨大的魔芋新品种珠芽魔芋[J].资源开发与市场,2005,21(2):136-138.
[7]丁自立,万中义,矫振彪,等.魔芋软腐病研究进展和对策[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(4):238-241.
[8]张东华,汪庆平.经济及观赏价值极高的东南亚稀有魔芋优势栽培种———弥勒魔芋(Amorphophallus muelleri)[J].云南科技管理,2012(1):30-32.
[9]张东华,汪庆平.泰国—缅甸边境地区珠芽魔芋资源分布及利用现状[J].热带农业科学,2017,37(7):67-73.
[10]张东华,汪庆平,贺正国.珠芽魔芋弥勒种—————从低产到优质高产作物的希望之星[J].资源开发与市场,2010,26(2):135-138.
[11]梁艳丽,李建,岩对,等.橡胶树与魔芋间作对魔芋净光合速率及产量的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2010(24):35-38.
[12]徐永春,姜汉侨,全复.西双版纳自然保护区综合考察报告集[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,1987.
[13]朱华,闫春丽.云南西双版纳野生种子植物[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[14]吴征镒,朱彦辰.云南植被[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.
[15]岩香甩,田耀华,陈国云,等.云南西双版纳橡胶林群落种子植物区系研究[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,41(3):61-66.
[16]廖谌婳,李鹏,封志明,等.西双版纳橡胶林面积遥感监测和时空变化[J].农业工程学报,2014,33(20):170-180.
[17]刘寿养,韦松基.广西磨芋属一新种[J].广西植物,1986,6(3):183-186.
[18]韦松基,温标才.桂平魔芋染色体及核型分析[J].栽培与育种,2003,26(11):773-774.
[19]张东华,汪庆平.中国魔芋种植业如何应对日本重返缅甸[J].热带农业科学,2015,35(7):76-80.