优选适宜边际土地栽培的高产能源作物及其厌氧发酵产气潜力研究
|
摘要
为保障大型沼气工程充足的发酵原料供给、促进山东胶东半岛区域边际土地生物质原料生产,文章从能源作物生物质量(干重)、生物质产气潜力等两个方面考虑,选择了狼尾草、能源玉米、甜高粱这3种作物的8个品种在胶东半岛的蓬莱地域边际土地上进行种植,通过测定8个品种的生物质产量、产气潜力等相关指标进行检测、分析,结合边际土地的栽培条件,综合评价分析选择出生物质产量(干重)高、产气潜力大的能源作物品种。结果表明:在蓬莱地域边际土地上的生物质量(干重)以能源玉米(先玉335品种)最佳,其次是甜高粱(中能品种),多年生狼尾草,生物质量(干重)分别为33.5 t·hm~(-2)y~(-1),33.0 t·hm~(-2)y~(-1),30.5 t·hm~(-2)y~(-1);沼气产量是以甜高粱(中能品种)最佳,其次是能源玉米(先玉335品种)和多年生杂交狼尾草,其沼气(CH_4 60%)产量分别为:10509.7m~3·hm~(-2)y~(-1),6589.6 m~3·hm~(-2)y~(-1),6188.5 m~3·hm~(-2)y~(-1)。其中多年生狼尾草在蓬莱地域栽培以扦插为主,用工较多,不适合在蓬莱地域大规模种植。甜高粱(中能品种)和能源玉米(先玉335品种)适合大规模种植为规模化沼气工程提供充足的发酵原料;同时提高了胶东半岛区域边际土地的利用率,获得良好的边际土地应用潜力。
To provide sufficient fermentation raw material for large biogas engineering,and promote the biomass production on marginal land in Jiaodong peninsula in Shandong,three kinds of energy crops including Pennisetum,energy corn(Xianyu 335),sweet sorghum(Zhongneng),with totally 8 species were planted on marginal land in Penglai district,Shandong province. Their biomass production(dry weight) and the biogas production potential were determined and analyzed.The result showed that the energy corn(Xianyu 335) had the best biomass production of 33. 5 t · hm~(-2)y~(-1),and then sweet sorghum(Zhongneng) was 33. 0 t·hm~(-2)y~(-1),perennial Pennisetum 30. 5 t·hm~(-2)y~(-1). For the biogas production potential,the sweet sorghum(Zhongneng) was the best,and then energy corn(Xianyu 335) and perennial Pennisetum,they were 10509. 7 m~3·hm~(-2)y~(-1),6589. 6 m~3·hm~(-2)y~(-1),6188. 5 m~3·hm~(-2)y~(-1)respectively. Due to the cuttage planting were the main way for the perennial Pennisetum planting,more labours were needed and not suitable for large-scale cultivation in Penglai,the energy corn and sweet sorghum were suitable for large-scale cultivation providing sufficient raw materials for the biogas engineering,and improving the utilization of marginal land.
To provide sufficient fermentation raw material for large biogas engineering,and promote the biomass production on marginal land in Jiaodong peninsula in Shandong,three kinds of energy crops including Pennisetum,energy corn(Xianyu 335),sweet sorghum(Zhongneng),with totally 8 species were planted on marginal land in Penglai district,Shandong province. Their biomass production(dry weight) and the biogas production potential were determined and analyzed.The result showed that the energy corn(Xianyu 335) had the best biomass production of 33. 5 t · hm~(-2)y~(-1),and then sweet sorghum(Zhongneng) was 33. 0 t·hm~(-2)y~(-1),perennial Pennisetum 30. 5 t·hm~(-2)y~(-1). For the biogas production potential,the sweet sorghum(Zhongneng) was the best,and then energy corn(Xianyu 335) and perennial Pennisetum,they were 10509. 7 m~3·hm~(-2)y~(-1),6589. 6 m~3·hm~(-2)y~(-1),6188. 5 m~3·hm~(-2)y~(-1)respectively. Due to the cuttage planting were the main way for the perennial Pennisetum planting,more labours were needed and not suitable for large-scale cultivation in Penglai,the energy corn and sweet sorghum were suitable for large-scale cultivation providing sufficient raw materials for the biogas engineering,and improving the utilization of marginal land.
引文
[1]石元春.发展生物质产业[J].发明与创新,2006(5):4-6.
[2]Berndes G,Hoogwijk M,van den Broek R.The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply:A review of 17 studies[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2003,25(1):1-28.
[3]Lemus R,Lal R.Bioenergy crops and carbon sequestration[J].Critical Reviews in Plant Science,2005,24(1):1-21.
[4]谢新明,周峰,赵燕慧,等.多年生能源禾草的产能和生态效益[J].生态,2008,28(5):2329-2342.
[5]Lewandowskia I,Scurlockb J M O,Lindvallc E,et al.The development and current status of perennial rhizomatous grasses as enery crops in the US and Europe[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2003,25(4):335-361.
[6]谢光辉,卓岳,赵亚丽,等.欧美根茎能源植物研究现状及其在我国北方的资源潜力[J].中国农业大学学报,2008,13(6):11-18.
[7]朱毅,范希峰,武菊英,等.水分胁迫对柳枝稷生长和生物质品质的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2012,17(2):59-64.
[8]范希峰,侯新村,朱毅,等.盐胁迫对柳枝稷苗期生长和生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(6):1476-1480.
[9]李继伟,左海涛,李青丰,等.土壤水分垂直分布对建植当年柳枝稷的影响[J].草地学报,2012,19(1):43-50.
[10]范希峰,侯新村,武菊英,等.北京地区新收获柳枝稷种子的萌发和出苗特性[J].草业科学,2022,28(9):1636-1639.
[11]侯新村,范希峰,武菊英,等.京郊边际土地纤维素类能源草规模化种植与管理技术[J].作物杂志,2011,(4):98-101.
[12]范希峰,侯新村,左海涛,等.边际土地类型及移栽方式对柳枝稷苗期生长的影响[J].草业科学,2010,27(1):97-102.
[13]黄杰,黄平,左海涛.栽培管理对狄生长特性及生物质成分的影响[J].草地学报,2008,16(6):646-651.
[14]范希峰,侯新村,朱毅,等.杂交狼尾草作为能源植物的产量和品质特性[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(1):48-52.
[15]范希峰,侯新村,左海涛,等.三种草本能源植物在北京地区的产量和品质特性[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(16):3316-3322.
[16]林长松,程序,杨新国.半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区引种能源植物柳枝稷生态适宜性分析[J].西南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(7):125-131.
[17]王会梅,徐炳成,李凤民,等.黄土丘陵区白羊草和柳枝稷适应性生长的比较[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,21(4):625-630.
[18]吴全忠,常欣,程序.黄土丘陵区柳枝稷生物量与土壤水分的动力学研究[J].扬州大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2005,26(6):70-73.
[19]王会梅,徐炳成,李凤民,等.不同立地柳枝稷生长响应的出研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(3):91-93.
[20]Yongqing Ma,Yu AN,Junfeng Shui,et al.Adaptability evaluation of switchgrass(Panicum Virgatum L)Cultivars on the loess Plateau of China[J].Plant Science,1981(6):638-643.
[2]Berndes G,Hoogwijk M,van den Broek R.The contribution of biomass in the future global energy supply:A review of 17 studies[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2003,25(1):1-28.
[3]Lemus R,Lal R.Bioenergy crops and carbon sequestration[J].Critical Reviews in Plant Science,2005,24(1):1-21.
[4]谢新明,周峰,赵燕慧,等.多年生能源禾草的产能和生态效益[J].生态,2008,28(5):2329-2342.
[5]Lewandowskia I,Scurlockb J M O,Lindvallc E,et al.The development and current status of perennial rhizomatous grasses as enery crops in the US and Europe[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2003,25(4):335-361.
[6]谢光辉,卓岳,赵亚丽,等.欧美根茎能源植物研究现状及其在我国北方的资源潜力[J].中国农业大学学报,2008,13(6):11-18.
[7]朱毅,范希峰,武菊英,等.水分胁迫对柳枝稷生长和生物质品质的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2012,17(2):59-64.
[8]范希峰,侯新村,朱毅,等.盐胁迫对柳枝稷苗期生长和生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(6):1476-1480.
[9]李继伟,左海涛,李青丰,等.土壤水分垂直分布对建植当年柳枝稷的影响[J].草地学报,2012,19(1):43-50.
[10]范希峰,侯新村,武菊英,等.北京地区新收获柳枝稷种子的萌发和出苗特性[J].草业科学,2022,28(9):1636-1639.
[11]侯新村,范希峰,武菊英,等.京郊边际土地纤维素类能源草规模化种植与管理技术[J].作物杂志,2011,(4):98-101.
[12]范希峰,侯新村,左海涛,等.边际土地类型及移栽方式对柳枝稷苗期生长的影响[J].草业科学,2010,27(1):97-102.
[13]黄杰,黄平,左海涛.栽培管理对狄生长特性及生物质成分的影响[J].草地学报,2008,16(6):646-651.
[14]范希峰,侯新村,朱毅,等.杂交狼尾草作为能源植物的产量和品质特性[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(1):48-52.
[15]范希峰,侯新村,左海涛,等.三种草本能源植物在北京地区的产量和品质特性[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(16):3316-3322.
[16]林长松,程序,杨新国.半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区引种能源植物柳枝稷生态适宜性分析[J].西南大学学报:自然科学版,2008,30(7):125-131.
[17]王会梅,徐炳成,李凤民,等.黄土丘陵区白羊草和柳枝稷适应性生长的比较[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,21(4):625-630.
[18]吴全忠,常欣,程序.黄土丘陵区柳枝稷生物量与土壤水分的动力学研究[J].扬州大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2005,26(6):70-73.
[19]王会梅,徐炳成,李凤民,等.不同立地柳枝稷生长响应的出研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(3):91-93.
[20]Yongqing Ma,Yu AN,Junfeng Shui,et al.Adaptability evaluation of switchgrass(Panicum Virgatum L)Cultivars on the loess Plateau of China[J].Plant Science,1981(6):638-643.