荞麦富硒萌发过程中生理变化比较研究
|
摘要
试验选用苦荞和甜荞麦为原料,比较研究二者富硒萌发过程中的生理变化。研究结果表明整个富硒萌发过程中,荞麦中的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和MDA含量呈下降趋势;总硒和游离氨基酸含量则呈上升趋势,酶活性和GSH含量先上升后下降,且甜荞和苦荞的变化总趋势相同。富硒萌发过程中苦荞的POD活性、GSH、MDA、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量均高于甜荞,而甜荞的CAT活性、SOD活性、总硒和可溶性糖含量高于苦荞。在富硒萌发72 h,苦荞和甜荞比籽粒总硒含量分别提高了6.95%和7.11%, 36 h时POD活性分别提高了1.88倍和1.54倍, 24 h时SOD活性分别提高了59.14%和43.33%, 24 h后GSH含量分别提高了20.57%和46.60%等,说明荞麦富硒萌发后具有更强的抗氧化能力。
The physiological changes in the germination process were studied by using tartary and common buckwheat as materials. The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and MDA in both kinds of buckwheat decreased gradually during germination and selenium-enriched process. The contents of total selenium and free amino acids showed an increasing tendency. But the enzyme activities of SOD, POD, CAT and the content of GSH first increased and then decreased, and the changes of the both buckwheat varieties were same. During the entire germination and seleniumenriched process, the activity of POD and the contents of GSH, MDA, free amino acids, and soluble protein in seleniumenriched tartary buckwheat were higher than selenium-enriched common buckwheat, the activities of CAT, SOD and the contents of total selenium, soluble sugar in selenium-enriched common buckwheat were higher than selenium-enriched tartary buckwheat during the germination and selenium-enriched process. At 72 h, the content of total selenium in tartary and common buckwheat respectively increased by 6.95% and 7.11% than that of grain. At 36 h, the activity of POD increased by 1.88 times and 1.54 times, respectively. At 24 h, the activity of SOD increased by 59.14% and 43.33%, respectively. After 24 h, the content of GSH increased by 20.57% and 46.60%, respectively. The results proved that selenium-enriched and germination buckwheat had stronger antioxidant capacity.
The physiological changes in the germination process were studied by using tartary and common buckwheat as materials. The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and MDA in both kinds of buckwheat decreased gradually during germination and selenium-enriched process. The contents of total selenium and free amino acids showed an increasing tendency. But the enzyme activities of SOD, POD, CAT and the content of GSH first increased and then decreased, and the changes of the both buckwheat varieties were same. During the entire germination and seleniumenriched process, the activity of POD and the contents of GSH, MDA, free amino acids, and soluble protein in seleniumenriched tartary buckwheat were higher than selenium-enriched common buckwheat, the activities of CAT, SOD and the contents of total selenium, soluble sugar in selenium-enriched common buckwheat were higher than selenium-enriched tartary buckwheat during the germination and selenium-enriched process. At 72 h, the content of total selenium in tartary and common buckwheat respectively increased by 6.95% and 7.11% than that of grain. At 36 h, the activity of POD increased by 1.88 times and 1.54 times, respectively. At 24 h, the activity of SOD increased by 59.14% and 43.33%, respectively. After 24 h, the content of GSH increased by 20.57% and 46.60%, respectively. The results proved that selenium-enriched and germination buckwheat had stronger antioxidant capacity.
引文
[1]杨海莹,张锐昌,张应龙,等.荞麦营养及其制品研究进展[J].粮食与油脂, 2014, 27(10):10-13.
[2]成少宁.萌发荞麦抗氧化活性及抑菌效果研究[D].上海:上海师范大学, 2010.
[3]尹礼国,钟耕,刘雄,等.荞麦营养特性、生理功能和药用价值研究进展[J].粮食与油脂, 2002(5):32-34.
[4] LAN-SOOK LEE, EUN-JI CHOI, CHANG-HEE KIM,et al. Contribution of flavonoids to the antioxidant properties of common and tartary buckwhes[J]. Journal of Cereal Science, 2016(68):181-186.
[5]刘昆仑.发芽糙米富硒特性及其硒蛋白抗氧化与抗肿瘤活性研究[D].南京:南京农业大学, 2010.
[6]于振,李建科,李梦颖,等.食品中微量硒测定方法研究进展[J].食品工业科技, 2012, 33(18):371-376.
[7]赵天宏,孙加伟,付宇,等. CO2和O3浓度升高对春小麦活性氧代谢及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2009,42(1):64-71.
[8]张俊艳,贺阳.超氧化物歧化酶研究与应用[J].食品工业,2012, 33(3):119-121.
[9]杨培慧,齐剑英,冯德雄,等.谷胱甘肽的应用及其检测方法[J].中国生化药物杂志, 2002, 23(1):52-54.
[10]张兰,朱玉野,龚雨虹,等.栀子种子萌发过程中的水分与抗氧化酶活性变化[J].湖北农业科学, 2016, 55(14):3666-3669.
[11] MBITHI-MWIKYA S, VAN CAMP J, YIRU Y, et al.Nutrient and antinutrient changes in finger millet(Eleusine coracan)during sprouting[J]. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 2000, 33(1):9-14.
[12]朱云辉,段元锋,郭元新.苦荞发芽过程中γ-氨基丁酸的富集及其他生理指标的变化[J].江苏农业科学, 2016,44(5):332-335.
[13]朱洪梅,赵猛,王芬,等.极谱法测定黑豆中硒含量及其富硒工艺研究[J].中国农学通报, 2010, 26(7):68-71.
[14]王爱国,罗广华,邵从本,等.大豆种子超氧化物歧化酶的研究[J].植物生理学报, 1983, 9(1):77-84.
[15]刘娟,王雅琴,刘刚,等.发酵液中还原型谷胱甘肽三种测定方法的改进及其比较[J].北京化工大学学报, 2004,31(3):35-38.
[16]刘芳,胡华锋,刘巘,等.基施硒肥对紫花苜蓿草产量及抗氧化作用的影响[J].草地学报, 2013, 21(1):109-113.
[17]位杰,吴翠云,蒋媛,等.蒽酮法测定红枣可溶性糖含量条件的优化[J].食品科学, 2014, 35(24):136-140.
[18]赵萍,刘笑笑,王雅,等.小麦发芽富硒工艺及其抗氧化活性的研究[J].食品工业科技, 2013, 34(18):301-305.
[19]翟红强,赵会杰.硒对花生抗氧化作用的初步研究[J].中国粮油作物学报, 2007, 29(1):58-62.
[20]王瑞雪.叶面喷硒对葡萄生长和结果的影响[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学, 2016.
[21]雷红灵.恩施碎米荠富硒生理生化及其含硒蛋白的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学, 2010.
[22]吴文芳,李隆云,白志川.川续断种子发芽过程中生理生化变化研究[J].江西农业大学学报, 2012, 34(1):82-86.
[2]成少宁.萌发荞麦抗氧化活性及抑菌效果研究[D].上海:上海师范大学, 2010.
[3]尹礼国,钟耕,刘雄,等.荞麦营养特性、生理功能和药用价值研究进展[J].粮食与油脂, 2002(5):32-34.
[4] LAN-SOOK LEE, EUN-JI CHOI, CHANG-HEE KIM,et al. Contribution of flavonoids to the antioxidant properties of common and tartary buckwhes[J]. Journal of Cereal Science, 2016(68):181-186.
[5]刘昆仑.发芽糙米富硒特性及其硒蛋白抗氧化与抗肿瘤活性研究[D].南京:南京农业大学, 2010.
[6]于振,李建科,李梦颖,等.食品中微量硒测定方法研究进展[J].食品工业科技, 2012, 33(18):371-376.
[7]赵天宏,孙加伟,付宇,等. CO2和O3浓度升高对春小麦活性氧代谢及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2009,42(1):64-71.
[8]张俊艳,贺阳.超氧化物歧化酶研究与应用[J].食品工业,2012, 33(3):119-121.
[9]杨培慧,齐剑英,冯德雄,等.谷胱甘肽的应用及其检测方法[J].中国生化药物杂志, 2002, 23(1):52-54.
[10]张兰,朱玉野,龚雨虹,等.栀子种子萌发过程中的水分与抗氧化酶活性变化[J].湖北农业科学, 2016, 55(14):3666-3669.
[11] MBITHI-MWIKYA S, VAN CAMP J, YIRU Y, et al.Nutrient and antinutrient changes in finger millet(Eleusine coracan)during sprouting[J]. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 2000, 33(1):9-14.
[12]朱云辉,段元锋,郭元新.苦荞发芽过程中γ-氨基丁酸的富集及其他生理指标的变化[J].江苏农业科学, 2016,44(5):332-335.
[13]朱洪梅,赵猛,王芬,等.极谱法测定黑豆中硒含量及其富硒工艺研究[J].中国农学通报, 2010, 26(7):68-71.
[14]王爱国,罗广华,邵从本,等.大豆种子超氧化物歧化酶的研究[J].植物生理学报, 1983, 9(1):77-84.
[15]刘娟,王雅琴,刘刚,等.发酵液中还原型谷胱甘肽三种测定方法的改进及其比较[J].北京化工大学学报, 2004,31(3):35-38.
[16]刘芳,胡华锋,刘巘,等.基施硒肥对紫花苜蓿草产量及抗氧化作用的影响[J].草地学报, 2013, 21(1):109-113.
[17]位杰,吴翠云,蒋媛,等.蒽酮法测定红枣可溶性糖含量条件的优化[J].食品科学, 2014, 35(24):136-140.
[18]赵萍,刘笑笑,王雅,等.小麦发芽富硒工艺及其抗氧化活性的研究[J].食品工业科技, 2013, 34(18):301-305.
[19]翟红强,赵会杰.硒对花生抗氧化作用的初步研究[J].中国粮油作物学报, 2007, 29(1):58-62.
[20]王瑞雪.叶面喷硒对葡萄生长和结果的影响[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学, 2016.
[21]雷红灵.恩施碎米荠富硒生理生化及其含硒蛋白的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学, 2010.
[22]吴文芳,李隆云,白志川.川续断种子发芽过程中生理生化变化研究[J].江西农业大学学报, 2012, 34(1):82-86.