长白山特有种单花橐吾的核型研究
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摘要
以长白山特有种单花橐吾种子为材料,采用常规压片法进行核型研究。结果表明:单花橐吾染色体数为2n=2x=58,核型为2A,核不对称系数为58.90%,核型公式为2n=2x=58=44m+14sm,从染色体相对长度组成来看,2n=58=32M_2+26M_1,依据核型进化趋势是由A→B→C的理论,单花橐吾属于较为原始的类型。
The chromosome karyotype of Ligularia jamesii seeds, endemic species of Changbai mountain, was studied by the root tip squash method after the seed germination. The results showed that the chromosome number of Ligularia jamesii was 2 n=2 x=58 and its karyotype was 2 A, the index of karyotype asymmetry was 58.90%, the karyotype formula was 2 n=2 x=58=44 m+14 sm. The composition of relative chromosome length was 2 n=2 x=58=32 M_2+26 M_1. According to the theory that the evolution trend of karyotype was from A to B to C, Ligularia jamesii was a relatively primitive type. The chromosome numbers and karyotype of Ligularia jamesii tested was reported for the first time.
The chromosome karyotype of Ligularia jamesii seeds, endemic species of Changbai mountain, was studied by the root tip squash method after the seed germination. The results showed that the chromosome number of Ligularia jamesii was 2 n=2 x=58 and its karyotype was 2 A, the index of karyotype asymmetry was 58.90%, the karyotype formula was 2 n=2 x=58=44 m+14 sm. The composition of relative chromosome length was 2 n=2 x=58=32 M_2+26 M_1. According to the theory that the evolution trend of karyotype was from A to B to C, Ligularia jamesii was a relatively primitive type. The chromosome numbers and karyotype of Ligularia jamesii tested was reported for the first time.
引文
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[8] 德英,王琴,穆怀彬,等.老芒麦染色体核型研究[J].中国草地学报,2014, 36(6):79-83.De Ying, Wang Qin, Mu Huaibin, et al. Study on chromosome karyotype of Elymus sibiricus[J]. Chinese Journal of Glassland,2014, 36(6):79-83.
[9] 刘尚武.橐吾属的分类系统[J].植物研究, 1985, 5(4):63-80.Liu Shangwu. The taxonomic system of the genus Ligularia[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 1985, 5(4):63-80.
[10] 刘尚武,邓德山,刘建全.橐吾属的起源、演化与地理分布[J].植物分类学报,1994, 32(6):514-524.Liu Shangwu, Deng Deshan, Liu Jianquan. The origin evolution and distribution of Ligularia[J]. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica, 1994, 32(6):514-524.
[11] 刘建全,刘尚武.假橐吾属(菊科千里光族)的核形态研究[J].植物分类学报,2000,38(1):60-63.Lu Jianquan, Liu Shangwu. Karyomorphology of Ligulariopsis Y. L. Chen(Asteraceae: Senecioneae)[J]. Plant Diversity, 2000,38(1):60-63.
[12] 龚洵,顾志建,鲁元学,等.7种橐吾属植物的核型[J].云南植物研究,2001,23(2):216-222.Gong Xun, Gu Zhijian, Lu Yuanxue, et al. The kearyotypes of seven species in Ligularia[J]. Acta Botanlca Yunnanica, 2001,23(2):216-222.
[13] 潘跃芝,龚洵,杨志云,等.五种橐吾属植物的核型研究[J].云南植物研究,2004,26 (1):65-72.Pan Yuezhi, Gong Xun, Yang Zhiyun. Karyological studies on five species of the genus Ligularia[J]. Acta Botanlca Yunnanica, 2004,26 (1):65-72.
[14] 白岚,张爱勤,方晴,等.新疆两个苜蓿品种的核型分析[J].中国草地学报,2009, 31(6):76-79.Bai Lan, Zhang Aiqin, Fang Qing, et al. Karyotype analysis of two alfalfa varieties in Xinjiang[J].Chinese Journal of Glassland,2009,31(6):76-79.
[15] Levan A, Fredga K, Sandberg A A. Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes[J]. Hereditas Band,1964,53: 197-202.
[16] Kuo S R, Wang T T, Huang T C. Karyotype analysis of some Formosan gymnosperms[J].Taiwania,1972,17:66.
[17] Stebbins G L. Chromosome evolution in higher plants[M].London:Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants,1971:88.
[18] Robinson H, Carr G D, King R M, et al. Chromosome number in Compositae XVII: Senecioneae III[J]. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden,1997,84(4):893-906.
[19] 孟盈,杨永平.青藏高原八种菊科植物染色体核型报道[J].植物分类与资源学报, 2013,35(3):361-366.Meng Ying, Yang Yongping. Chromosome atlas of eight Asteraceae species from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J]. Plant Diversity and Resources, 2013, 35(3):361-366.
[20] 董然,瞿小杰,王丽清,等.长白山3种橐吾的核型研究[J].草业学报,2010, 19(4):259-263.Dong Yan, Qu Xiaojie, Wang Liqing, et al. Karyotype studies on three Ligularia of Changbai mountain[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2010, 19(4):259-263.
[2] 周繇.长白山区珍稀濒危观赏植物优先保护定量研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2006, 24(4):357-364.Zhou You. Quantitative study of conservation priority of the rare and threatened ornamental plants in Changbai mountains[J].Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research,2006,24(4):357-364.
[3] 严仲铠,李万林.中国长白山药用植物彩色图志[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1997:441-442.Yan Zhongkai, Li Wanlin. China Changbai mountains medical colour terms[M].Beijing:People’s Medical Publishing House,1997:441-442.
[4] 董然,南敏伦,刘洪章.长白山特有种单头橐吾的挥发油成分研究[J].安徽农业科学,2009, 37(36):17900-17901.Dong Ran, Nan Minlun, Liu Hongzhang. Study on the constituents of volatile oils of Changbai mountain endemic species-Ligularia jamessii(Hemsl)Kom.[J] Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2009,37(36): 17900-17901.
[5] 庄倩倩,陈少鹏,顾德峰,等.单花橐吾愈伤组织诱导及分化培养条件研究[J].中国草地学报, 2013, 35(3):24-30. Zhuang Qianqian, Chen Shaopeng, Gu Defeng, et al. Study on culture condition for callus induction and differentiation of Ligularia jamesii[J].Chinese Journal of Glassland, 2013, 35(3): 24-30.
[6] 庄倩倩,李文鑫,顾德峰,等.长白山单花橐吾茎尖离体培养研究[J].草地学报,2011, 19(2):283-287.Zhuang Qianqian, Li Wenxin, Gu Defeng, et al. In vitro tip micro propagation of Ligularia jamesii from Changbai mountain[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2011, 19(2):283-287.
[7] 庄倩倩,董然,陈少鹏,等.单花橐吾组织培养中无菌苗培养条件的优化[J].江苏农业科学, 2011,39(5):229-231.Zhuang Qianqian, Dong Ran, Chen Shaopeng, et al. Optimization of culture conditions for sterile seedlings in tissue culture of Ligularia jamesii[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2011, 39(5):229-231.
[8] 德英,王琴,穆怀彬,等.老芒麦染色体核型研究[J].中国草地学报,2014, 36(6):79-83.De Ying, Wang Qin, Mu Huaibin, et al. Study on chromosome karyotype of Elymus sibiricus[J]. Chinese Journal of Glassland,2014, 36(6):79-83.
[9] 刘尚武.橐吾属的分类系统[J].植物研究, 1985, 5(4):63-80.Liu Shangwu. The taxonomic system of the genus Ligularia[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 1985, 5(4):63-80.
[10] 刘尚武,邓德山,刘建全.橐吾属的起源、演化与地理分布[J].植物分类学报,1994, 32(6):514-524.Liu Shangwu, Deng Deshan, Liu Jianquan. The origin evolution and distribution of Ligularia[J]. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica, 1994, 32(6):514-524.
[11] 刘建全,刘尚武.假橐吾属(菊科千里光族)的核形态研究[J].植物分类学报,2000,38(1):60-63.Lu Jianquan, Liu Shangwu. Karyomorphology of Ligulariopsis Y. L. Chen(Asteraceae: Senecioneae)[J]. Plant Diversity, 2000,38(1):60-63.
[12] 龚洵,顾志建,鲁元学,等.7种橐吾属植物的核型[J].云南植物研究,2001,23(2):216-222.Gong Xun, Gu Zhijian, Lu Yuanxue, et al. The kearyotypes of seven species in Ligularia[J]. Acta Botanlca Yunnanica, 2001,23(2):216-222.
[13] 潘跃芝,龚洵,杨志云,等.五种橐吾属植物的核型研究[J].云南植物研究,2004,26 (1):65-72.Pan Yuezhi, Gong Xun, Yang Zhiyun. Karyological studies on five species of the genus Ligularia[J]. Acta Botanlca Yunnanica, 2004,26 (1):65-72.
[14] 白岚,张爱勤,方晴,等.新疆两个苜蓿品种的核型分析[J].中国草地学报,2009, 31(6):76-79.Bai Lan, Zhang Aiqin, Fang Qing, et al. Karyotype analysis of two alfalfa varieties in Xinjiang[J].Chinese Journal of Glassland,2009,31(6):76-79.
[15] Levan A, Fredga K, Sandberg A A. Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes[J]. Hereditas Band,1964,53: 197-202.
[16] Kuo S R, Wang T T, Huang T C. Karyotype analysis of some Formosan gymnosperms[J].Taiwania,1972,17:66.
[17] Stebbins G L. Chromosome evolution in higher plants[M].London:Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants,1971:88.
[18] Robinson H, Carr G D, King R M, et al. Chromosome number in Compositae XVII: Senecioneae III[J]. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden,1997,84(4):893-906.
[19] 孟盈,杨永平.青藏高原八种菊科植物染色体核型报道[J].植物分类与资源学报, 2013,35(3):361-366.Meng Ying, Yang Yongping. Chromosome atlas of eight Asteraceae species from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J]. Plant Diversity and Resources, 2013, 35(3):361-366.
[20] 董然,瞿小杰,王丽清,等.长白山3种橐吾的核型研究[J].草业学报,2010, 19(4):259-263.Dong Yan, Qu Xiaojie, Wang Liqing, et al. Karyotype studies on three Ligularia of Changbai mountain[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2010, 19(4):259-263.