水库水源保护区受影响农民生计困境与补偿机制探讨
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摘要
我国相关法律条文中明确规定对于会造成饮用水水源地的农业污染源和生活污染源进行一定的禁止和限制,由此而导致大量水库水源保护区受影响农民群体的出现,造成其生计资本损失或丧失。在对水库水源保护区受影响农民生计资本要素识别的基础上,以DJK水库水源保护区为例,通过对受影响农民的深度访谈,对其生计资本进行梳理并总结出生计资本受损的程度,再从利益补偿机制角度出发,分析该水库水源保护区的生态利益补偿的受损者和受益者,以及补偿的内容和方式。
Some laws and regulations in China have made clear that to forbid and restrict agricultural and living pollution in drinking water protection area. However, the action has lead to quantity affected farmers around reservoir drinking water protection area, and has made severe impacts to affected farmers' livelihoods. On the basis of identifying the livelihood elements of affected farmers, and taking DJK Reservoir as study example, the livelihood elements and damage status of affected farmers have been concluded through interviewing with affected farmers. Then the victims and beneficiaries of ecological benefit compensation and the contents and methods of compensation are analyzed from the perspective of benefit compensation mechanism.
Some laws and regulations in China have made clear that to forbid and restrict agricultural and living pollution in drinking water protection area. However, the action has lead to quantity affected farmers around reservoir drinking water protection area, and has made severe impacts to affected farmers' livelihoods. On the basis of identifying the livelihood elements of affected farmers, and taking DJK Reservoir as study example, the livelihood elements and damage status of affected farmers have been concluded through interviewing with affected farmers. Then the victims and beneficiaries of ecological benefit compensation and the contents and methods of compensation are analyzed from the perspective of benefit compensation mechanism.
引文
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[17]邹子楠,伊庆山.水库移民长远生计问题处理阶段性效果对比分析——以岩滩水电站D县移民安置区为例[J].水利经济,2015(3):70-75.
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[2]王丽红,王开章,刘锋范,等.饮用水水源地安全的内涵、现状及对策[J].山东农业科学,2007(5):94-97.
[3]钦州市:确保库区稳定,保护饮用水源安全[EB/OL].[2014-12-26].http:∥www.gxskym.gov.cn/html/2014/zfdt_1226/3882.html.
[4]都匀城市饮用水源保护区160户将整体移民搬迁[EB/OL].[2015-11-20].http:∥people.qnz.com.cn/healthshow-23554.shtml.
[5]政府要水质,水库要秩序,移民得利益,西大洋水库多举措保护水源地安全[EB/OL].[2015-11-22)].http:∥edu.gmw.cn/newspaper/2015-11/22/content_109941097.htm.
[6]红枫湖水源地一级保护区生态移民搬迁基本完成[EB/OL].[2014-11-4].http:∥epaper.gywb.cn/gyrb/html/2014-11/04/content_408606.htm.
[7]珠海市人大代表调研饮用水水源保护区,竹银水库移民新村真漂亮[EB/OL].[2013-7-5].http:∥www.0756zx.com/news/local/2093023.html.
[8]关停污染企业,加快生态移民,我市将保护水源纳入干部政绩[EB/OL].[2013-9-23].http:∥lynews.zjol.com.cn/lynews/system/2013/09/23/016983298.shtml.
[9]苏芳,徐中民,尚海洋.可持续生计分析研究综述[J].地球科学进展,2009(1):61-69.
[10]CARNEY D.Implementing a Sustainable Livelihood Approach[M].London:Department for International Development,1998:52-69.
[11]SOLTANI A,ANGELSEN A,EID T,et al.Poverty,sustainability,and household livelihood strategies in Zagros,Iran[J].Ecological Economics,2012(79):60-69.
[12]BHANDARI P B.Rural livelihood change?Household capital,community resources and livelihood transition[J].Journal of Rural Studies,2013(32):126-136.
[13]DINIZ F H,HOOGSTRA-KLEIN M A,KOK K,et al.Livelihood strategies in settlement projects in the Brazilian Amazon:Determining drivers and factors within the Agrarian Reform Program[J].Journal of Rural Studies,2013(32):196-207.
[14]吴树敬,林传平.浅析捕捞渔民转产转业的难点及对策[J].渔业经济研究,2006(06):35-38.
[15]施国庆,王晨.断裂与替代:退湖渔民生计的转型[J].南京农业大学学报,2014,14(4):42-48.
[16]张华山,姚培刚,周现富.水库移民社会资本与可持续生计的关系研究[J].民族论坛,2015(6):26-29.
[17]邹子楠,伊庆山.水库移民长远生计问题处理阶段性效果对比分析——以岩滩水电站D县移民安置区为例[J].水利经济,2015(3):70-75.
[18]严登才,施国庆.农村水库移民贫困成因与应对策略分析[J].水利发展研究,2012(2):24-28.