不同剂量稀土对金雨金合欢幼苗生长的影响
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摘要
为明确稀土对金雨金合欢幼苗生长的影响,采用8种不同剂量的稀土对金雨金合幼苗进行根施。结果表明:1)金雨金合欢幼苗施入稀土后,7～10d起幼苗形态出现不同的变化,比对照出现相同反应提早5～6d;2)90d的各项测定生长指标分析表明,每株施入0.05～1.00g剂量稀土,对幼苗生长具有较好的促进作用,其幼苗高、地径净增长,全苗鲜、干重量,叶片总面积,根系总长度、根系表面积和根尖数量总体上呈有规律的增长趋势,均显著高于对照(P<0.05),以施入剂量0.25g·株~(-1)处理表现最好,其苗木出圃率达到100%,与对照相比,苗高、地径净增长了204.0%和102.0%,叶片总面积、根系总长度、根系表面积和根尖数量分别增长了976%、339%、405%和187%,全苗鲜、干重量,提高了61.5%和133.3%;3)当施入剂量超过2.00g·株~(-1)时,苗木生长开始受抑,出现"毒害"反应,其各项生长指标下降,部分苗木死亡,并随剂量增大,生长受抑程度加剧,生长指标下降速度增大,幼苗死亡数量增多。表明低浓度的稀土溶液根施,对金雨金合欢幼苗生长具有促进作用,高浓度则抑制了其生长,甚至会导致死亡。
In order to understand the effects of rare earth elements on the growth of Acacia adunca seedlings,8different doses of rare earth were applied in the soils in which A.aduncaseedlings were cultivated.The results were as follows.1)The variation of seedling morphology occurred 7to 10 days after the application,5-6days earlier than the control.2)The growth indices of the seedlings that were measured at the90 th day after the application indicated that doses of 0.05-1.00 g per seedling could promote the seedling growth.Physiological parameters such as the seedling height,basal diameter,fresh weight,drought weight,leaf area,root length,root surface area and number of root tips increased regularly,and significantly higher than those of the control(P<0.05).The best dose of application was 0.25 g per seedling,from which the net growth of height and basal diameter,leaf area,root length,root surface area and root amounts increased by 204.0%,102.0%,976%,339%,405%,and 187%,respectively compared to the control.Fresh weight and drought weight increased by 61.5%and 133.3%.3)When the doses were more than 2.00 g per seedling,the seedling growths were inhibited,and all the growth indices decreased,some seedlings even died.With the increase of application dose,the inhibition intensified,the growth indices declined significantly,the rate of seedling death increased.In conclusion,low dose of rear earth application could promote the growth of A.aduncaseedlings,and high dose could inhibit the seedling growth.
In order to understand the effects of rare earth elements on the growth of Acacia adunca seedlings,8different doses of rare earth were applied in the soils in which A.aduncaseedlings were cultivated.The results were as follows.1)The variation of seedling morphology occurred 7to 10 days after the application,5-6days earlier than the control.2)The growth indices of the seedlings that were measured at the90 th day after the application indicated that doses of 0.05-1.00 g per seedling could promote the seedling growth.Physiological parameters such as the seedling height,basal diameter,fresh weight,drought weight,leaf area,root length,root surface area and number of root tips increased regularly,and significantly higher than those of the control(P<0.05).The best dose of application was 0.25 g per seedling,from which the net growth of height and basal diameter,leaf area,root length,root surface area and root amounts increased by 204.0%,102.0%,976%,339%,405%,and 187%,respectively compared to the control.Fresh weight and drought weight increased by 61.5%and 133.3%.3)When the doses were more than 2.00 g per seedling,the seedling growths were inhibited,and all the growth indices decreased,some seedlings even died.With the increase of application dose,the inhibition intensified,the growth indices declined significantly,the rate of seedling death increased.In conclusion,low dose of rear earth application could promote the growth of A.aduncaseedlings,and high dose could inhibit the seedling growth.
引文
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[11]游露,安礼航,刘敏超,等.稀土铈对芥菜生理效应及其土壤酶系统影响研究[J].绿色科技,2018(8):71-78.YOU L,AAN L H,LIU M C,et al.Effectsof ceriumon physiological effects and soil enzgmes of mustard[J].Journal of Green Science and Technology,2018(8):71-78.(in Chinese)
[12]张权,张晓阳,杨景全,等.稀土肥料对烤烟生长过程中根系发育的影响[J].山西农业科学2018,46(3):407-411.
[13]王亚喆,刘慧,杜英芳,等.稀土元素铈对大蒜幼苗生理活性及根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(4):45-49.WANG Y Z,LIU H,DU Y F,et al.Effects of cerium on physiological activity of seedlings and root tip cells mitosis in Allium sativum L.[J].Journal of Tianjin Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2016,36(4):45-49.(in Chinese)
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[15]余海兵,刘正,王波,等.农用稀土对糯玉米幼苗光合变化和生理指标的分析[J].中国稀土学报2011,29(1):119-124.YU H B,LIU Z,WANG B,et al.Analysis of rare earthsin agricultureon photosynthetic changes and physiological indicatorsin waxy corn seedings[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2011,29(1):119-124.(in Chinese)
[16]王波,任向东,李秀龙,等.“常乐”稀土微肥对糯玉米冠层光合特性及产量的影响[J].中国稀土学报2012,30(4):488-494.WANG B,REN X D,LI X N,et al.Effects of“Chang le”Micronutrient fertilizer of rare earths on photosynthetic characteristics of canopy and yield of waxy maize[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2012,30(4):488-494.(in Chinese)
[17]陈颖,谢寅峰,陈裕菊,等.稀土对马褂木苗生长及生理指标的影响[J].南京林业大学学报,2003,27(1):37-40.CHEN Y,XIE Y F,CHEN Y J,et al.Effects of rare earth element on growth and physiological ind ications in seedlingsof interspecific hybrid Liriodendron[J].Journal of Nanjing F orestry U n iversity,2003,27(1):37-40.(in Chinese)
[18]张小红.钕对甜瓜光合特性、产量和品质的影响[J]中国稀土学报,2014,32(2):248-254.ZHANG X H.Effects of Nd3+on photosynthetic characteristics,yield and fruit quality in muskmelon[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2014,32(2):248-254.(in Chinese)
[19]韦如萍,薛立,陈红跃,等.叶面喷施稀土对千年桐幼苗生长和生理的影响[J].林业科学,2005,41(2):164-168.WEI R P,XUE L,CHEN H Y,et al.Efects of foliage sprayingwith rare earth on growth and physio logical index of vemiciamontana seedlings[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2005,41(2):164-168.(in Chinese)
[20] Brown P H,Rathjen A H,Graham R D,et al.Rare earth elements in biological systems[M]//GSCHNEIDNER,JR K A,EYRING L.Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths:13.New York:Elsevier Sciences Publisher,1990:423-453.
[21]刘苏静,周青.农用稀土的生态毒理学效应[J].中国生态农业学报2001,12(3):187-190.LIU S J,ZHOU Q.Ecotoxic effects of rare earths in agriculture[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Ag riculture,2001,12(3):187-190.(in Chinese)
[22]何跃君,薛立.稀土元素对植物的生物效应及其作用机理[J].应用生态学报2005,16(10):1983-1989.HE Y J,XUE L.Biological effects of rare earth elements and their action mechanisms[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,16(10):1983-1989.(in Chinese)
[23]曾青,朱建国,成后龙,等.红壤中镧积累对水稻的生理生态效应[J].环境科学学报,2003,23(1):17-21.ZENG Q,ZHU J G,CHENG H L,et al.Ecophysiological response of rice to lanthanum accumulation in redearth[J].Acta Scientlae Circumstanaiae,2003,23(1):17-21.(in Chinese)
[24] WANG X,SHI G X,XU Q S,et al.Toxic effect of lanthanum,cerium,chromium and zinc on Potamogeton malaian us[J].J.Rare Earths,2005,23(3):367-371.
[25] VALIATHAN M S,EAPEN J T,MATHEWS C K.Reciprocal relationship between magnesium and cerium as a common basis for coconut root(wilt)and humancardiomyopathy[J].Current.Science,1992,63(9/10),565-567.
[26]张凤洁,李雪垠,冯变娥,等.稀土浸种对水旱地小麦根苗生长及产量的影响[J].激光生物学报,2014,22(1):89-96.ZHANG F J,LI X Y,FENG B E,et al.Effects of soaking seeds with ree solutionon growth of wheat root and shoot and yield under different water condtions[J].Acta Laser Biology Sinica,2014,22(1):89-96.(in Chinese)
[27]汪东风王常红.稀土在茶树上应用研究进展[J].稀土,1996,17(4):46-50.
[28]连友钦,郑槐明,林建民,等.稀土提高杉木、木荷、板栗苗木质量及矿质元素积累的研究[J].林业科学研究,1991,4(6):683-486.
[29]戴文君,陆海燕,杨梅,等.稀土元素镧、铈对擎天树幼苗生长量的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2018,38(1):10-15.DAI W J,LU H Y,YANG M,et al.Effects of rare earth elements La and Ce on growth of Parashorea chinensis seedlings[J]Journal of Southwest for Forestry University,2018,38(1):10-15.(in Chinese)
[2]王小玲,刘腾云,高柱,等.稀土元素对作物生长及作物品质影响的研究进展[J].核农学报,2016,6(30):1240-1247.WANG X L,LIU T Y,GAO Z,et al.A review of rare earth elements on crop growth and quality[J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2016,6(30):1240-1247.(in Chinese)
[3]王少先,彭克勤.稀土在农业上的应用及机理研究进展[J].河北农业科学,2002,6(1):66-69.
[4]许由才.稀土微肥在林业生产上的应用[J].安徽农学通报,2009,15(18):64-65.
[5]张建国,马春花,宋国贤,等.稀土在林业生产中的应用研究[J].山东林业科技,1994,91(2):41-44.
[6]谢寅峰,沈惠娟,陈颖,等.稀土在林业生产中的应用研究[J].林业科技开发,2000,14(5):31-32.
[7] ORCHARD A E,WILSON A J G.Flora of australia.Volume11A:Mimosaceae,Acacia Part 1.[M].Melbourne,Australia:ABRS,Canberra/CSIPO,2001:307-308.
[8]张刚,魏典典,邬佳宝,等.干旱胁迫下不同种源文冠果幼苗的生理反应及其抗旱性分析[J],西北林学院学报2014,29(1):1-7.ZHANG G,WEID D D,WU J B,et al.Effectsof drought stresson physiological characteristics of Xanthoceras Sorbi folia form different provenances and analysison drought-resistancin seedling stage[J]Journalof Northwest Forestry University,2014,29(1):1-7.(in Chinese)
[9]郭樑,吴杨波,李莲芳,等.水分对云南松苗木生理生化特性的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(5):78-84.GUO L,WU Y B,LI L F,et al.Effects of watering control on physiological and biochemical traits of Pinus yunnanensis seedlings[J]Journalof Northwest Forestry University,2016,31(5):78-84.(in Chinese)
[10]郑志侠,黄碧霞,芮蕾,等.稀土元素对Ca在细胞中分布影响机制的探讨[J].稀土,2001,22(6):27-31.ZHENG Z X,HUANG B X,RUI L,et al.Influence mechanism of rare earth elements on calcium distribution in cell[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2001,22(6):27-31.(in Chinese)
[11]游露,安礼航,刘敏超,等.稀土铈对芥菜生理效应及其土壤酶系统影响研究[J].绿色科技,2018(8):71-78.YOU L,AAN L H,LIU M C,et al.Effectsof ceriumon physiological effects and soil enzgmes of mustard[J].Journal of Green Science and Technology,2018(8):71-78.(in Chinese)
[12]张权,张晓阳,杨景全,等.稀土肥料对烤烟生长过程中根系发育的影响[J].山西农业科学2018,46(3):407-411.
[13]王亚喆,刘慧,杜英芳,等.稀土元素铈对大蒜幼苗生理活性及根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(4):45-49.WANG Y Z,LIU H,DU Y F,et al.Effects of cerium on physiological activity of seedlings and root tip cells mitosis in Allium sativum L.[J].Journal of Tianjin Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2016,36(4):45-49.(in Chinese)
[14]徐建明,汪鑫,樊趁英,等.稀土镧对水稻幼苗生长及叶绿素荧光动力学参数的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2009,25(1):117-122.
[15]余海兵,刘正,王波,等.农用稀土对糯玉米幼苗光合变化和生理指标的分析[J].中国稀土学报2011,29(1):119-124.YU H B,LIU Z,WANG B,et al.Analysis of rare earthsin agricultureon photosynthetic changes and physiological indicatorsin waxy corn seedings[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2011,29(1):119-124.(in Chinese)
[16]王波,任向东,李秀龙,等.“常乐”稀土微肥对糯玉米冠层光合特性及产量的影响[J].中国稀土学报2012,30(4):488-494.WANG B,REN X D,LI X N,et al.Effects of“Chang le”Micronutrient fertilizer of rare earths on photosynthetic characteristics of canopy and yield of waxy maize[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2012,30(4):488-494.(in Chinese)
[17]陈颖,谢寅峰,陈裕菊,等.稀土对马褂木苗生长及生理指标的影响[J].南京林业大学学报,2003,27(1):37-40.CHEN Y,XIE Y F,CHEN Y J,et al.Effects of rare earth element on growth and physiological ind ications in seedlingsof interspecific hybrid Liriodendron[J].Journal of Nanjing F orestry U n iversity,2003,27(1):37-40.(in Chinese)
[18]张小红.钕对甜瓜光合特性、产量和品质的影响[J]中国稀土学报,2014,32(2):248-254.ZHANG X H.Effects of Nd3+on photosynthetic characteristics,yield and fruit quality in muskmelon[J].Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths,2014,32(2):248-254.(in Chinese)
[19]韦如萍,薛立,陈红跃,等.叶面喷施稀土对千年桐幼苗生长和生理的影响[J].林业科学,2005,41(2):164-168.WEI R P,XUE L,CHEN H Y,et al.Efects of foliage sprayingwith rare earth on growth and physio logical index of vemiciamontana seedlings[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2005,41(2):164-168.(in Chinese)
[20] Brown P H,Rathjen A H,Graham R D,et al.Rare earth elements in biological systems[M]//GSCHNEIDNER,JR K A,EYRING L.Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths:13.New York:Elsevier Sciences Publisher,1990:423-453.
[21]刘苏静,周青.农用稀土的生态毒理学效应[J].中国生态农业学报2001,12(3):187-190.LIU S J,ZHOU Q.Ecotoxic effects of rare earths in agriculture[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Ag riculture,2001,12(3):187-190.(in Chinese)
[22]何跃君,薛立.稀土元素对植物的生物效应及其作用机理[J].应用生态学报2005,16(10):1983-1989.HE Y J,XUE L.Biological effects of rare earth elements and their action mechanisms[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,16(10):1983-1989.(in Chinese)
[23]曾青,朱建国,成后龙,等.红壤中镧积累对水稻的生理生态效应[J].环境科学学报,2003,23(1):17-21.ZENG Q,ZHU J G,CHENG H L,et al.Ecophysiological response of rice to lanthanum accumulation in redearth[J].Acta Scientlae Circumstanaiae,2003,23(1):17-21.(in Chinese)
[24] WANG X,SHI G X,XU Q S,et al.Toxic effect of lanthanum,cerium,chromium and zinc on Potamogeton malaian us[J].J.Rare Earths,2005,23(3):367-371.
[25] VALIATHAN M S,EAPEN J T,MATHEWS C K.Reciprocal relationship between magnesium and cerium as a common basis for coconut root(wilt)and humancardiomyopathy[J].Current.Science,1992,63(9/10),565-567.
[26]张凤洁,李雪垠,冯变娥,等.稀土浸种对水旱地小麦根苗生长及产量的影响[J].激光生物学报,2014,22(1):89-96.ZHANG F J,LI X Y,FENG B E,et al.Effects of soaking seeds with ree solutionon growth of wheat root and shoot and yield under different water condtions[J].Acta Laser Biology Sinica,2014,22(1):89-96.(in Chinese)
[27]汪东风王常红.稀土在茶树上应用研究进展[J].稀土,1996,17(4):46-50.
[28]连友钦,郑槐明,林建民,等.稀土提高杉木、木荷、板栗苗木质量及矿质元素积累的研究[J].林业科学研究,1991,4(6):683-486.
[29]戴文君,陆海燕,杨梅,等.稀土元素镧、铈对擎天树幼苗生长量的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2018,38(1):10-15.DAI W J,LU H Y,YANG M,et al.Effects of rare earth elements La and Ce on growth of Parashorea chinensis seedlings[J]Journal of Southwest for Forestry University,2018,38(1):10-15.(in Chinese)