氮素形态对‘甘农3号'苜蓿不同生育期氮代谢的影响
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摘要
为探讨紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)不同生育期需氮规律,采用砂培法研究3种氮素形态配比(NO_3~--N,NH_4~+-N以及NO_3~--N:NH_4~+-N为1:1)和3个氮素水平(0,105,210 mg·L~(-1))对‘甘农3号'(Medicago sativa‘Gannong No.3')整个生育期氮代谢的影响。结果表明:不同氮素形态处理下,‘甘农3号'的根瘤数、根瘤重、固氮酶活性、NO_3~--N含量、NH_4~+-N含量、硝酸还原酶活性和全氮含量均显著高于CK,混合态氮对于增加‘甘农3号'根瘤数、根瘤重、固氮酶活性和全氮含量效果最好,NH_4~+~N次之,NO_3~--N效果最差。氮素浓度为210 mg·L~(-1)时,各形态配比下7项测定指标均高于105 mg·L~(-1),其中根瘤数、根瘤重、固氮酶活性和全氮含量在NO_3~--N+NH_4~+-N的浓度为210 mg·L~(-1)最大;NO_3~--N含量和硝酸还原酶活性在NO_3~--N浓度为210 mg·L~(-1)时最大;NH_4~+-N含量在NH_4~+-N浓度为210 mg·L~(-1)时最大。各项测定指标均随着生育期的推进呈先增大后减小的趋势,全氮含量始终呈减小趋势。整个生育期,根瘤数与根瘤重成极显著正相关关系;根瘤数、根瘤重与固氮酶活性成显著正相关关系。
To explore the law of demand for nitrogen at different growth stages of alfalfa,the influences of3 nitrogen forms(NO_3~--N,NH_4~+-N and NO_3~--N:NH_4~+-N was 1:1) and 3 nitrogen levels(0,105,210mg·L~(-1)) on nitrogen metabolism at different growth stages of 'Gannong No.3' alfalfa was studied with sand culture method.The results showed that the nodule number,nodule weight,nitrogenase activity,nitrate nitrogen content,ammonium nitrogen content,nitrate reductase activity and nitrogen content of'Gannong No.3' Varity under different treatments of nitrogen forms were significantly higher than those of CK.The mixed nitrogen had the best effect on alfalfa nodule number,nodule weight,nitrogenase activity and nitrogen content,followed by NH_4~+-N,NO_3~--N was the worst.The 7 tested indexes of 210 mg·L~(-1) nitrogen treatments were higher than those of 105 mg·L~(-1) nitrogen treatments with all nitrogen forms.The nodule number,nodule weight,nitrogenase activity and nitrogen content of alfalfa were the highest in 210 mg·L~(-1) mixed nitrogen treatment;the nitrate nitrogen content and nitrate reductase activity of alfalfa were the highest in 210 mg·L~(-1)NO_3~--N treatment;the ammonium nitrogen content of alfalfa was the highest in 210 mg·L~(-1) NH_4~+-N treatment.All tested indexes increased first and then decreased with the development of reproductive period except the nitrogen content of alfalfa decreased during reproductive period.There were significant positive correlations between nodule number and nodule weight;and among nodule number,nodule weight and nitrogenase activity.
To explore the law of demand for nitrogen at different growth stages of alfalfa,the influences of3 nitrogen forms(NO_3~--N,NH_4~+-N and NO_3~--N:NH_4~+-N was 1:1) and 3 nitrogen levels(0,105,210mg·L~(-1)) on nitrogen metabolism at different growth stages of 'Gannong No.3' alfalfa was studied with sand culture method.The results showed that the nodule number,nodule weight,nitrogenase activity,nitrate nitrogen content,ammonium nitrogen content,nitrate reductase activity and nitrogen content of'Gannong No.3' Varity under different treatments of nitrogen forms were significantly higher than those of CK.The mixed nitrogen had the best effect on alfalfa nodule number,nodule weight,nitrogenase activity and nitrogen content,followed by NH_4~+-N,NO_3~--N was the worst.The 7 tested indexes of 210 mg·L~(-1) nitrogen treatments were higher than those of 105 mg·L~(-1) nitrogen treatments with all nitrogen forms.The nodule number,nodule weight,nitrogenase activity and nitrogen content of alfalfa were the highest in 210 mg·L~(-1) mixed nitrogen treatment;the nitrate nitrogen content and nitrate reductase activity of alfalfa were the highest in 210 mg·L~(-1)NO_3~--N treatment;the ammonium nitrogen content of alfalfa was the highest in 210 mg·L~(-1) NH_4~+-N treatment.All tested indexes increased first and then decreased with the development of reproductive period except the nitrogen content of alfalfa decreased during reproductive period.There were significant positive correlations between nodule number and nodule weight;and among nodule number,nodule weight and nitrogenase activity.
引文
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[10]刘艳楠,刘晓静.施肥与刈割对不同紫花苜蓿品种生产性能的影响[J].草原与草坪,2013,33(3):69-73
[11]苏亚丽,张力君,孙启忠,等.水肥耦合对敖汉苜蓿营养成分的影响[J].草地学报,2011,19(5):823-824
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[13]Giddens J.Nitrogen application to new and established stands of alfalfa[J].Agronomy Journal,1959,51(9):574
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[15]张琴,张磊,魏世清,等.钙离子对紫花苜蓿及苜蓿根瘤菌耐酸能力的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(6):1231-1236
[16]孙建光,张燕春,徐晶,等.高效固氮芽孢杆菌筛选及其生物学特性EJ].中国农业科学,2009,42(6):2043-2051
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[20]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2000
[21]王学奎.榱物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006
[22]邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000
[23]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000
[24]王树起,韩晓增,乔云发,等.施氮对大豆根瘤生长和结瘤固氮的影响[J].华北农学报,2009,29(2):76-179
[25]董守坤,刘丽君,孙聪姝,等.利用15N标记研究氮素水平对大豆根瘤生长的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(4):985-988
[26]王华静,吴良欢,陶勤南.氮形态对植物生长和品质的影响及其机理[J].科技通报,2005,21(1):50-55
[27]张宏,张桂芝,王晓明,等.大豆生育期间根瘤菌固氮活性动态及共生固氮量的估测[J].土壤通报,1984.(5):219-222
[28]汪晓丽,封克,盛海君,等.不同水稻基因型苗期NO_3吸收动力学特征及其受吸收液中NH_4~+的影响[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(11):1306-1311
[29]Samuelson M E,Ohlen E,Larsson C M.Nitrate regulation of nitrate uptake and nitrate reductase expression in barely grown at different nitrate:Ammonium rations at constant relative nitrogen addition rate[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1995,94(2):54-260
[30]张磊,宋秋来,马春梅,等.大豆叶片硝酸还原酶活性动态研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(6):73-76
[31]张瑞朋,杨德忠,傅连舜,等,氮素对不同来源大豆氮代谢相关指标的影响[J].大豆科学,2007,26(5):718-722
[32]刘晓静,刘艳楠.供氮水平对不同紫花苜蓿产量及品质的影响[J].草地学报,2013,7(4):702-707
[33]王玲玲,杜吉到,郑殿峰.大豆源库流关系的研究进展[J].大豆科学,2009,28(1):167-171
[34]许长蔼.植物体内NO_3可给性对硝酸还原酶活性的调节[J].植物生理学通讯,1991,27(3):173-178
[2]Ailing M J,Boland G,Willson J H.Relation between acid proteinase activity and redistribution of nitrogen during grain development in wheat[J].Plant Physiol,1976.3(6):721-730
[3]宋海星,王学立,王开运.不同节位玉米叶片硝态氮含量及硝酸还原醉活性[J].陕西农业科学,2005(3):72-74
[4]Kaushal T,Onda M,Ito S,et al.Effect of deep placement of slow release fertilizer(Lime nitrogen)applied at different rates on Growth,N_2 fixation and yield of soybean[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2006,192(6):417-426
[5]宋海星,申斯乐,闫石.硝态氮与氨态氮对大豆幼苗生长及氮素积累的影响[J].大豆科学,1995,16(2):178-180
[6]严君,韩晓增,王守宇.等.不同氮素形态对大豆根瘤生长及固氮的影响[J].大豆科学,2009,28(4):674-677
[7]Saravitz C H,Chaillou S,Musset J.Influence of nitrate on uptake of ammonium by nitrogen-depleted soybean:Is the effect located in roots or shoots[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1994,45(11),1575-1584
[8]陈磊,朱月林,杨立飞,等.氮素形态配比对菜用大豆籽粒膨大过程中氮碳同化的影响[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(2):323329
[9]李丽,李宁,盛建东,等.施氮量和种植密度对紫花苜蓿生长及种子产量的影响[J].草地学报,2012,20(1):54-58
[10]刘艳楠,刘晓静.施肥与刈割对不同紫花苜蓿品种生产性能的影响[J].草原与草坪,2013,33(3):69-73
[11]苏亚丽,张力君,孙启忠,等.水肥耦合对敖汉苜蓿营养成分的影响[J].草地学报,2011,19(5):823-824
[12]John L G,Gilbert H A.The effect of different fertility levels on yield,persistence,and chemical composition of alfalfa[J].Agronomy Journal,1958,50(6):291-294
[13]Giddens J.Nitrogen application to new and established stands of alfalfa[J].Agronomy Journal,1959,51(9):574
[14]张积样。李松.紫花苜蓿NP肥配施研究[J].草业科学,1990,7(4):70-72
[15]张琴,张磊,魏世清,等.钙离子对紫花苜蓿及苜蓿根瘤菌耐酸能力的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(6):1231-1236
[16]孙建光,张燕春,徐晶,等.高效固氮芽孢杆菌筛选及其生物学特性EJ].中国农业科学,2009,42(6):2043-2051
[17]蒯佳林,刘晓静,李文卿.不同氮素水平对接种根瘤菌紫花苜蓿生长特性的影响[J].草原与草坪,2010,31(3):56-59
[18]姚拓,张德罡,胡自治.高寒地区燕麦根际联合固氮菌研究Ⅰ:固氮菌分离及鉴定[J].草业学报,2004,i3(2):106-111
[19]Tang C,HinsingerPJ,Drevon J,etal.Phosphorus deficiency impairs early nodule functioning and enhances proton release in Roots of Medicago truncatula L[J].Annals of Botany,2001,88(1):131-138
[20]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2000
[21]王学奎.榱物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006
[22]邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000
[23]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000
[24]王树起,韩晓增,乔云发,等.施氮对大豆根瘤生长和结瘤固氮的影响[J].华北农学报,2009,29(2):76-179
[25]董守坤,刘丽君,孙聪姝,等.利用15N标记研究氮素水平对大豆根瘤生长的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(4):985-988
[26]王华静,吴良欢,陶勤南.氮形态对植物生长和品质的影响及其机理[J].科技通报,2005,21(1):50-55
[27]张宏,张桂芝,王晓明,等.大豆生育期间根瘤菌固氮活性动态及共生固氮量的估测[J].土壤通报,1984.(5):219-222
[28]汪晓丽,封克,盛海君,等.不同水稻基因型苗期NO_3吸收动力学特征及其受吸收液中NH_4~+的影响[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(11):1306-1311
[29]Samuelson M E,Ohlen E,Larsson C M.Nitrate regulation of nitrate uptake and nitrate reductase expression in barely grown at different nitrate:Ammonium rations at constant relative nitrogen addition rate[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1995,94(2):54-260
[30]张磊,宋秋来,马春梅,等.大豆叶片硝酸还原酶活性动态研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(6):73-76
[31]张瑞朋,杨德忠,傅连舜,等,氮素对不同来源大豆氮代谢相关指标的影响[J].大豆科学,2007,26(5):718-722
[32]刘晓静,刘艳楠.供氮水平对不同紫花苜蓿产量及品质的影响[J].草地学报,2013,7(4):702-707
[33]王玲玲,杜吉到,郑殿峰.大豆源库流关系的研究进展[J].大豆科学,2009,28(1):167-171
[34]许长蔼.植物体内NO_3可给性对硝酸还原酶活性的调节[J].植物生理学通讯,1991,27(3):173-178