光照强度对欧李果实成熟期及品质的影响
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摘要
为了解光照强度对欧李果实品质的影响,选取5年生欧李农大6号为试验材料,用遮阳网设置了2种光照处理:自然光照39%(T1),自然光照18%(T2),同时以100%全光照为对照,确定不同光照处理下欧李的果实发育时期,并测定各时期平均单果质量、纵径、横径、pH值以及还原糖、可滴定酸、总黄酮、总酚和单宁的含量。结果表明,遮阴可延迟欧李果实的成熟期,T1,T2处理分别使欧李果实成熟期延迟了13,18 d;经遮阴处理的欧李果实,相比于对照,在不同的果实发育时期平均单果质量、纵径、横径均降低,成熟期时,T2与CK有显著差异,T1与CK无显著差异;随着遮阴程度的增大,果实内含物中的还原性糖、总黄酮、总酚、单宁含量在不同果实发育时期呈下降趋势,成熟期时表现显著差异,可滴定酸含量随着生长发育呈上升趋势;与全光照相比,遮阴使成熟期欧李果皮颜色变浅,果实品质降低。
To understand the effect of light intendsity on the fruit quality of Chinese dwarf cherry, five years of 'Nongda 6 was used as the experimental material. The experiment setted up three light intensity treatments(CK, 100% for sunlight, T1, 39% for sunlight,T2,18% for sunlight), and the development period of Chinese dwarf cherry, average single fruit quality, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, pH value, contents of reducing sugar, titratable acid, total flavonoid, total phenol, and tannin under different light intensity were determined. The results showed that shading could delay the ripening period of Chinese dwarf cherry, and T1 and T2 treatments delayed the ripening period of Chinese dwarf cherry by 13, 18 d, respectively. Compared with the control, the average single fruit quality,longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of the Chinese dwarf cherry with shading treatments decreased at fruit developmental stages. And at the maturation stage, T2 and CK were significantly difference, T1 and CK were not significantly different. With the increase of shading degree, the contents of reducing sugar, total flavonoids, total phenols and tannin reduced at Chinese dwarf cherry developmental stages, and there were significant difference in ripening period. But the titratable acid content increased with the growth and development, resulting in a reduction in fruit quality.
To understand the effect of light intendsity on the fruit quality of Chinese dwarf cherry, five years of 'Nongda 6 was used as the experimental material. The experiment setted up three light intensity treatments(CK, 100% for sunlight, T1, 39% for sunlight,T2,18% for sunlight), and the development period of Chinese dwarf cherry, average single fruit quality, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, pH value, contents of reducing sugar, titratable acid, total flavonoid, total phenol, and tannin under different light intensity were determined. The results showed that shading could delay the ripening period of Chinese dwarf cherry, and T1 and T2 treatments delayed the ripening period of Chinese dwarf cherry by 13, 18 d, respectively. Compared with the control, the average single fruit quality,longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of the Chinese dwarf cherry with shading treatments decreased at fruit developmental stages. And at the maturation stage, T2 and CK were significantly difference, T1 and CK were not significantly different. With the increase of shading degree, the contents of reducing sugar, total flavonoids, total phenols and tannin reduced at Chinese dwarf cherry developmental stages, and there were significant difference in ripening period. But the titratable acid content increased with the growth and development, resulting in a reduction in fruit quality.
引文
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[14]孟祥云,王枝翠,王雨歌,等.地面遮阴对新疆红地球葡萄果实着色的影响[J].果树学报,2014,31(1):60-65.
[15]郝建博.遮光对桃树光合特性及果实品质的影响[D].保定:河北农业大学,2015.
[16]唐明,孙晓焱,刘意,等.遮阴对环境温度、梨树光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2013,42(3):14-17.
[17]李勃,李晨,李秀杰,等.遮阴对‘夏黑’葡萄叶幕微环境、叶片质量及果实品质的影响[J].中国果树,2017(5):45-48.
[18]龚云池,徐季娥,张淑珍.光照强度对鸭梨果实品质的影响[J].山西果树,1982(2):13-15.
[19]韦兰英.不同遮阴强度对猕猴桃“桂海4号”光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].广西科学,2009,16(3):326-330.
[2]李卫东,贾玉奎,徐军.中国“一带一路”战略下的欧李沙产业展望[J].中国野生植物资源,2016,35(6):1-4.
[3]曹琴,杜俊杰,刘和,等.野生欧李营养特性分析[J].中国野生植物资源,1999(1):34-35.
[4]李晓亮.欧李的营养成分测定与分析[J].农学学报,2015,5(8):97-100.
[5]常虹,兰彦平,周家华,等.欧李花色苷的分离及其鉴定[J].食品科学,2011,32(9):59-63.
[6] LI W,LI O,ZHANG A,et al. Genotypic diversity of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of Chinese dwarf cherry(Cerasus humilis(Bge.)Sok.)in China[J]. Scientia Horticulturae,2014,175(1):208-213.
[7]穆霄鹏,杜俊杰,杜俊民.钙果种仁油的提取及成分分析[J].食品科技,2012(12):140-143.
[8]杜俊杰,曹琴,杜俊民.栽培技术与分析测定野生欧李的人工驯化栽培[J].中国野生植物资源,1992(4):40-42.
[9]白泽华.不同立地条件及叶型野生欧李的植物学特性及抗旱性研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2015.
[10]王鹏飞,薛晓芳,穆晓鹏,等.不同酸度欧李果实有机酸积累特性与相关代谢酶活性分析[J].中国园艺文摘,2016,46(1):4101-4109.
[11]王鹏飞,曹琴,何永波,等.欧李果实发育期糖和酸组分及其含量的动态变化特性[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(7):1411-1416.
[12]姜英淑,陈书明,王秋玉,等.碳酸盐和干旱胁迫对欧李生理特性的影响[J].林业科学,2009,45(3):19-23.
[13]肖啸,刘建珍,宋立琴,等.遮光处理对欧李生长结果的影响[J].经济林研究,2011,29(4):96-100.
[14]孟祥云,王枝翠,王雨歌,等.地面遮阴对新疆红地球葡萄果实着色的影响[J].果树学报,2014,31(1):60-65.
[15]郝建博.遮光对桃树光合特性及果实品质的影响[D].保定:河北农业大学,2015.
[16]唐明,孙晓焱,刘意,等.遮阴对环境温度、梨树光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2013,42(3):14-17.
[17]李勃,李晨,李秀杰,等.遮阴对‘夏黑’葡萄叶幕微环境、叶片质量及果实品质的影响[J].中国果树,2017(5):45-48.
[18]龚云池,徐季娥,张淑珍.光照强度对鸭梨果实品质的影响[J].山西果树,1982(2):13-15.
[19]韦兰英.不同遮阴强度对猕猴桃“桂海4号”光合特性及果实品质的影响[J].广西科学,2009,16(3):326-330.