压密试验后破碎岩石的透水系数试验研究
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摘要
通过室内试验研究探讨了破碎岩石压密后试样的透水系数降低.对于田下凝灰岩、来待砂岩、河津凝灰岩、三城目安山岩、本小松安山岩等5种岩石,在MTS伺服试验机下压碎空心钢制圆筒中的岩石试样,并持续加载压密至指定的最大轴向荷载.卸载后将钢制圆筒取出置于自制的试验装置中,利用变水头透水试验求解压密后试样的透水系数.试验结果表明,压密后的岩石试样的透水系数变小,透水系数的对数值与压密试验中的最终的轴向应变成反比例关系,且与压密试验中最大轴向应力/完整岩石单轴抗压强度的比值的对数值成反比例关系.挖掘扰动区内的部分岩石在满足一定的支护条件下,强度恢复和渗透性降低是值得期待的.研究结果可以为建立挖掘扰动区损伤恢复模型提供参考依据.
Strength healing of compacted rock in the Excavation Disturbed Zone(EDZ) has been verified through field observation and laboratory test.Tage tuff,Kimachi sandstone,Kawazu tuff,Sanjome andesite and Honkomatsu andesite were employed to investigate water permeability of the compacted rocks in this study.Firstly,rock specimens were broken in a hollow steel cylinder under the MTS servo testing machine,and then loaded to the predetermined axial load.Following the unloading,the cylinder was placed in the self-made falling head permeability test device.Coefficients of permeability of the compacted rock specimens were obtained through falling head permeability test.From the experimental data,it can be concluded that coefficients of permeability of the compacted rock specimens decrease after the compaction test.There exists an inverse semi-logarithmic relationship between coefficients of permeability of the compacted rock specimens and the ultimate axial strain in the compaction test.Furthermore,there is also an inverse logarithmic relationship between the coefficients of permeability and the ratio of maximum axial stress to uniaxial compressive strength of intact specimens for the five rock types.For some rocks in the EDZ,strength healing and decrease of water permeability were expected after being properly supported.These experimental results may be helpful in building a damage-healing model for rocks in the EDZ.
Strength healing of compacted rock in the Excavation Disturbed Zone(EDZ) has been verified through field observation and laboratory test.Tage tuff,Kimachi sandstone,Kawazu tuff,Sanjome andesite and Honkomatsu andesite were employed to investigate water permeability of the compacted rocks in this study.Firstly,rock specimens were broken in a hollow steel cylinder under the MTS servo testing machine,and then loaded to the predetermined axial load.Following the unloading,the cylinder was placed in the self-made falling head permeability test device.Coefficients of permeability of the compacted rock specimens were obtained through falling head permeability test.From the experimental data,it can be concluded that coefficients of permeability of the compacted rock specimens decrease after the compaction test.There exists an inverse semi-logarithmic relationship between coefficients of permeability of the compacted rock specimens and the ultimate axial strain in the compaction test.Furthermore,there is also an inverse logarithmic relationship between the coefficients of permeability and the ratio of maximum axial stress to uniaxial compressive strength of intact specimens for the five rock types.For some rocks in the EDZ,strength healing and decrease of water permeability were expected after being properly supported.These experimental results may be helpful in building a damage-healing model for rocks in the EDZ.
引文
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[3]雷鸣,羽柴公博,福井胜则,等.压密试验中破碎岩石压密特性的本构方程及数值模拟分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(6):1258-65.LEI Ming,HASHIBA K,FUKUI K,et al.A constitutive equation and numerical simulation analysis for broken rock behaviour in compaction test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(6):1258-65
[4]TAKAHASHI H,IKUCHI K,YOSHIKAWA S,et al.Engineering geology of construction[M].Tokyo:Kajima Press,1985.
[5]SUGIHARA H.A study on rock properties and spatial extent of excavation disturbed zone and its investigation method by means of field tests in soft sedimentary rock[M].Tokyo:The University of Tokyo,2003.
[6]HOU Z M.Mechanical and hydraulic behavior of rock salt in the excavation disturbed zone around underground facilities[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.,2003,40(5):725-738.
[7]INADA Y.Rock mechanics[M].Tokyo:Morikita Press,1997.
[8]ZHANG J,STANDIFIRD W B,ROEGIERS J C,et al.Stress dependent fluid flow and permeability in fractured media:from lab experiments to engineering applications[J].Rock Mech.Rock Engng.,2007,40(1):3-21.
[9]MIN K B,RUTQVIST J,TSANG C F,et al.Stressdependent permeability of fractured rock masses:a numerical study[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.,2004,41(7):1191-1210.
[10]ALKAN H,CINAR Y,PUSCH G.Rock salt dilatancy boundary from combined acoustic emission and triaxial compression tests[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.,2007,44(1):108-120.
[11]俞缙,穆康,李宏,等.砂岩渗透性演化特性的孔隙率分布细观模拟分析[J].工程力学,2014,31(11):124-131.YU Jin,MU Kang,LI Hong,et al.The porosity distribution mesoscopic simulation analysis of the permeability evolution property of sandstone.Engineering Mechanics[J],2014,31(11):124-131.
[12]MOROTO N.Soil mechanics[M].Tokyo:Gendaikogaku Press,1986.
[13]ADACHI T.Soil mechanics[M].Tokyo:Kyoritsu Press,2002.
[14]Civil Engineering Design Division in Kajima Corporation.Fundamental knowledge on civil engineering design[M].Tokyo:Kajima Press,1993.
[15]TERZAGHI P.Soil mechanics[M].Tokyo:Maruzen Press,1969.
[16]ISHIHARA K.Soil mechanics[M].Tokyo:Maruzen Press,1988.
[17]李顺才,缪协兴,陈占清,等.承压破碎岩石非Darcy渗流的渗透特性试验研究口].工程力学,2008,25(4):85-92.LI Shuncai,MIAO Xiexing,CHEN Zhanqing,et al.Experimental study on seepage properties of non-darcy flow in confined broken rocks[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(4):85-92.
[18]韩国锋,王恩志,刘晓丽.压缩带形成过程中渗透性变化试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(5):991-997.HAN Guofeng,WANG Enzhi,LIU Xiaoli.Experimental study of permeability change during compaction bands formation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(5):991-997.
[19]OKUBO S,FUKUI K,SUGITA T.Study on strength recovery of loose zone[J].Journal of MMIJ,2001,117(8):631-638.