生态旅游与生态博物馆:日本的经验
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摘要
日本为应对东京一极化和乡村人口持续外流而引起的乡村地区过疏化问题,开展了各种社会活动和建设事业。在此进程中,乡村地区的区域资源特性日益被重视,生态旅游则被视为城乡沟通的桥梁而不断被推进。生态博物馆因能够发挥区域资源优势的作用而从法国引入了日本,旨在守护原生态、培育特色农作物和传承"生活生产"技能与文化。文章介绍了生态博物馆所经历的四个阶段发展,指出生态博物馆要与生态旅游融合发展,以达到"地方创生"的目的。
In order to cope with the depopulation of rural area caused by the polarization of Tokyo and constant outflow of rural population, Japan has taken all kinds of social activities and construction measures. Ecotourism has been carried forward for it is regarded as a bridge of urban-rural communication. In this process, the regional resource feature of rural area is increasingly prominent. Japan adopted Eco-museum from France as a way to exploit regional resource advantage. With the aim of protect and cultivate ecological environment, feature crops and production skill and culture, Eco-museum has experienced 4 stages of development. The article points out that to reach the goal of local living creation, it is necessary to combine the development of Eco-museum and Eco-travel.
In order to cope with the depopulation of rural area caused by the polarization of Tokyo and constant outflow of rural population, Japan has taken all kinds of social activities and construction measures. Ecotourism has been carried forward for it is regarded as a bridge of urban-rural communication. In this process, the regional resource feature of rural area is increasingly prominent. Japan adopted Eco-museum from France as a way to exploit regional resource advantage. With the aim of protect and cultivate ecological environment, feature crops and production skill and culture, Eco-museum has experienced 4 stages of development. The article points out that to reach the goal of local living creation, it is necessary to combine the development of Eco-museum and Eco-travel.
引文
[1]山崎光博,小山善彦,大島順子.グリーンツーリズム[Z].家の光協会,1993.山崎光博,小山善彦,大岛顺子.绿色旅游[Z].家之光学会,1993.
[2]井原滿明.農山村における「エコミュージアム」と「グリーンツーリズム」の融合展開[C]//日本建築学会研究懇談会.都市と農村の共生を目指して-中山間地域の自立と援助.日本建築学会,1999.井原满明.农村山村融合开展的"生态博物馆"和"绿色旅游"[C]//日本建筑学会研究座谈会.以都市和农村共生为目标——中山间地区的自立和援助.日本建筑学会,1999.
[3]新井重三.実践エコミュージアム入門:21世紀のまちおこし[M].牧野出版,1995.新井重三.时间生态博物馆入门:21世纪的城市发展[M].牧野出版,1995.
[4]财東北研究センター.東北における新しいグリーンツーリズムの展開に向けて[Z],1996.(财)东北研究中心.东北新型绿色旅游事业的开展[Z],1996.
[5]井原滿明.地域が元気になる観光/地域資源を生かした地域づくり-環境と経済の統合に向けて[J].月刊自治労,2008(2).井原满明.让地区更有活力的观光/灵活利用地区资源的地区建设——环境和经济的整合[J].自治劳月刊,2008(2).
(1)出自英国18世纪后半叶诗人威廉柯珀(William Cowper)。
[2]井原滿明.農山村における「エコミュージアム」と「グリーンツーリズム」の融合展開[C]//日本建築学会研究懇談会.都市と農村の共生を目指して-中山間地域の自立と援助.日本建築学会,1999.井原满明.农村山村融合开展的"生态博物馆"和"绿色旅游"[C]//日本建筑学会研究座谈会.以都市和农村共生为目标——中山间地区的自立和援助.日本建筑学会,1999.
[3]新井重三.実践エコミュージアム入門:21世紀のまちおこし[M].牧野出版,1995.新井重三.时间生态博物馆入门:21世纪的城市发展[M].牧野出版,1995.
[4]财東北研究センター.東北における新しいグリーンツーリズムの展開に向けて[Z],1996.(财)东北研究中心.东北新型绿色旅游事业的开展[Z],1996.
[5]井原滿明.地域が元気になる観光/地域資源を生かした地域づくり-環境と経済の統合に向けて[J].月刊自治労,2008(2).井原满明.让地区更有活力的观光/灵活利用地区资源的地区建设——环境和经济的整合[J].自治劳月刊,2008(2).
(1)出自英国18世纪后半叶诗人威廉柯珀(William Cowper)。