采空区群残采充填方案稳定性分析
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摘要
为研究残采条件下的采空区群失稳响应控制,借助采空区群动力响应模型与类框架结构模型,从动力响应及应力响应这2个方面分析采空区群失稳控制效果。以某大型金属矿山4个中段12个单元采空区组成的采空区群为例,研究残矿回采工程中完全充填(方案I)与不完全充填(方案II)下采空区群的失稳响应控制。研究结果表明:方案I经充填处理后,拉应力分布范围整体上移,主要集聚在1 570 m中段顶板处,1 420 m中段底板处拉应力集聚现象基本消除;方案II经充填处理后,其拉应力集聚被缓解,保持在稳定范围之内;方案I经充填处理后,采空区群各中段顶板位移及速度响应大幅度下降,达到较好的充填效果;方案II经充填处理后,采空区群各中段顶板位移及速度响应也明显降低,且其降幅与方案I的降幅基本持平;空区群采用方案II充填后,所形成新的采空区群系统具有较强稳定性,考虑到时间成本及资金等情况,采取方案II对关键空区进行初步充填处理更具有可行性。
To study the unstable response control of goaf group under the condition of residual mining, the effect of the unstable control of goaf group was investigated from dynamic response and stress response using the dynamic response model and the analogous frame structure model. Taking the goaf group composed of 12 unit goafs of 4 middle sections in a large metal mine as research object, the unstable response control of goaf group in the residual mining engineering was studied under complete backfilling scheme(scheme I) and incomplete backfilling scheme(scheme II). The results show that the tensile stress distribution range is shifted up after the treatment of complete backfilling, with the main concentration being at the roof of 1 570 m middle section, and the phenomenon of tensile stress concentration is basically eliminated at the floor of 1 420 m middle section. Under the incomplete backfilling scheme, the tensile stress concentration can be relieved and kept within a stable range. The displacement and velocity response of each middle section roof of the goaf group reduce greatly and have good effect under complete backfilling scheme. After the treatment of incomplete backfilling, the displacement and velocity response of each middle section roof of the goaf group reduce significantly, and the decrease is basically the same as that of scheme I. The new goaf group system formed by the incomplete backfilling scheme has good stability. Taking into account the time cost and the fund, it is more feasible to adopt a preliminary backfilling scheme for the key goaf.
To study the unstable response control of goaf group under the condition of residual mining, the effect of the unstable control of goaf group was investigated from dynamic response and stress response using the dynamic response model and the analogous frame structure model. Taking the goaf group composed of 12 unit goafs of 4 middle sections in a large metal mine as research object, the unstable response control of goaf group in the residual mining engineering was studied under complete backfilling scheme(scheme I) and incomplete backfilling scheme(scheme II). The results show that the tensile stress distribution range is shifted up after the treatment of complete backfilling, with the main concentration being at the roof of 1 570 m middle section, and the phenomenon of tensile stress concentration is basically eliminated at the floor of 1 420 m middle section. Under the incomplete backfilling scheme, the tensile stress concentration can be relieved and kept within a stable range. The displacement and velocity response of each middle section roof of the goaf group reduce greatly and have good effect under complete backfilling scheme. After the treatment of incomplete backfilling, the displacement and velocity response of each middle section roof of the goaf group reduce significantly, and the decrease is basically the same as that of scheme I. The new goaf group system formed by the incomplete backfilling scheme has good stability. Taking into account the time cost and the fund, it is more feasible to adopt a preliminary backfilling scheme for the key goaf.
引文
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[14]付建新,宋卫东,谭玉叶.考虑卸荷应力路径的深部采空区失稳局部能量释放判别准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(2):217-224.FU Jianxin,SONG Weidong,TAN Yuye.Criterion of local energy release of gob destabilization in deep mines under unloading stress path[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(2):217-224.
[15]郑怀昌,李明.界壳理论在采空区失稳判定与危害控制研究中的应用探讨[J].黄金,2005,12(26):19-22.ZHENG Huaichang,LI Ming.Discussion on the application of boundary theory in determination of instability of mined-out area and damage control[J].Gold,2005,12(26):19-22.
[16]蔡美峰,李玉民,来兴平,等.大柳塔煤矿采空区动力失稳机理[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(1):1-4.CAI Meifeng,LI Yumin,LAI Xingping,et al.Mechanism of dynamic destabilization of mined-out area during mining in Daliuta Coal Mine[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2009,28(1):1-4.
[17]周宗红,侯克鹏,任凤玉.跑马坪铅锌矿采空区稳定性分析及控制方法[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(6):863-867.ZHOU Zonghong,HOU Kepeng,REN Fengyu.Stability analysis of large-scale mined-out area and its control methods in Paomaping lead-zinc deposit[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(6):863-867.
[18]姜立春,王国伟,吴爱祥.采空区群动力响应的类层间剪切模型法研究[J].工程设计学报,2017,24(3):256-263.JIANG Lichun,WANG Guowei,WU Aixiang.Research on the method of similar layer shearing model for dynamic responses of goaf group[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Design,2017,24(3):256-263.
[19]姜立春,曾俊佳,王国伟.水平采空区群离散多自由度动力响应模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(1):59-67.JIANG Lichun,ZENG Junjia,WANG Guowei.A discrete dynamic response model with multiple degrees of freedom for horizontal goaf group[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(1):59-67.
[20]余伟健,冯涛,王卫军,等.充填开采的协作支撑系统及其力学特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(增1):2803-2813.YU Weijian,FENG Tao,WANG Weijun,et al.Coordination support systems in mining with filling and Mechanical behavior[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(Suppl 1):2803-2813.
[2]KONICEK P,SOUCEK K,STAS L,et al.Long-hole distress blasting for rock burst control during deep underground coal mining[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2013,61:141-153.
[3]黄平路,陈从新.露天和地下联合开采引起矿山岩层移动规律的数值模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增2):4037-4043.HUANG Pinglu,CHEN Congxin.Numerical simulation research on rock movement caused by surface mining and underground mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(Suppl 2):4037-4043.
[4]焦文宇,尚振华.巨大复杂群采空区稳定性数值模拟及治理措施研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2016,36(6):1-4.JIAO Wenyu,SHANG Zhenhua.Study on numerical simulation of the stability and treatment measures for the huge complicated goaf group[J].Mining Research&Development,2016,36(6):1-4.
[5]李俊平,肖旭峰,冯长根.采空区处理方法研究进展[J].中国安全科学学报,2012,22(3):48-54.LI Junping,XIAO Xufeng,FENG Changgen.Progress in developing methods for dealing with forsaken stope[J].China Safety Science Journal,2012,22(3):48-54.
[6]冯福康,郭宏德,王宜勇,等.大规模采空区治理与关键单体数值模拟研究[J].黄金,2016,37(1):30-38.FENG Fukang,GUO Hongde,WANG Yiyong,et al.Research on treatment and key monomer numerical simulation of large-scale mined-out areas[J].Gold,2016,37(1):30-38.
[7]李俊平,彭作为,周创兵,等.木架山采空区处理方案研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(22):3884-3892.LI Junping,PENG Zuowei,ZHOU Chuangbing,et al.Study on schemes for disposing abandoned stope in Mujia Hill[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(22):3884-3892.
[8]王啟明,徐必根,唐绍辉,等.我国金属非金属矿山采空区现状与治理对策分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2009,29(4):63-68.WANG Qiming,XU Bigen,TANG Shaohui,et al.The actual state of mined-out areas in metallic and nonmetallic mines and the countermeasures for the treatment of the mined-out areas in China[J].Mining Research&Development,2009,29(4):63-68.
[9]尚振华,唐绍辉,焦文宇,等.基于FLAC 3D模拟的大规模采空区破坏概率研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(S2):3000-3006.SHANG Zhenhua,TANG Shaohui,JIAO Wenyu,et al.Failure probability of goaf in large-scale based on simulation of FLAC3D[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(S2):3000-3006.
[10]姜立春,肖康,吴爱祥.基于刚架结构模型法的采空区群失稳分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(S2):4204-4210.JIANG Lichun,XIAO Kang,WU Aixiang.Goaf group instability analysis based on rigid frame structure model method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(S2):4204-4210.
[11]夏开宗,陈从新,刘秀敏,等.基于突变理论的石膏矿矿柱-护顶层支撑体系的破坏分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(S2):3837-3845.XIA Kaizong,CHEN Congxin,LIU Xiumin,et al.Study of the failure of pillar-roof system in gypsum mines based on catastrophe theory[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(S2):3837-3845.
[12]黄昌富,田书广,吴顺川,等.基于突变理论和广义H-B强度准则的采空区顶板稳定性分析[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(S2):330-337.HUANG Changfu,TIAN Shuguang,WU Shunchuan,et al.Stability analysis of goaf roof based on catastrophe theory and generalized H-B failure criterion[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(S2):330-337.
[13]李俊平,王晓光,王红星,等.某铅锌矿采空区处理与卸压开采方案研究[J].安全与环境学报,2015,15(1):137-141.LI Junping,WANG Xiaoguang,WANG Hongxing,et al.Proposal for rational disposal of the abandoned-stope and relief of the mining pressure for a lead-zinc mine[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2015,15(1):137-141.
[14]付建新,宋卫东,谭玉叶.考虑卸荷应力路径的深部采空区失稳局部能量释放判别准则[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(2):217-224.FU Jianxin,SONG Weidong,TAN Yuye.Criterion of local energy release of gob destabilization in deep mines under unloading stress path[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(2):217-224.
[15]郑怀昌,李明.界壳理论在采空区失稳判定与危害控制研究中的应用探讨[J].黄金,2005,12(26):19-22.ZHENG Huaichang,LI Ming.Discussion on the application of boundary theory in determination of instability of mined-out area and damage control[J].Gold,2005,12(26):19-22.
[16]蔡美峰,李玉民,来兴平,等.大柳塔煤矿采空区动力失稳机理[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2009,28(1):1-4.CAI Meifeng,LI Yumin,LAI Xingping,et al.Mechanism of dynamic destabilization of mined-out area during mining in Daliuta Coal Mine[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2009,28(1):1-4.
[17]周宗红,侯克鹏,任凤玉.跑马坪铅锌矿采空区稳定性分析及控制方法[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(6):863-867.ZHOU Zonghong,HOU Kepeng,REN Fengyu.Stability analysis of large-scale mined-out area and its control methods in Paomaping lead-zinc deposit[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(6):863-867.
[18]姜立春,王国伟,吴爱祥.采空区群动力响应的类层间剪切模型法研究[J].工程设计学报,2017,24(3):256-263.JIANG Lichun,WANG Guowei,WU Aixiang.Research on the method of similar layer shearing model for dynamic responses of goaf group[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Design,2017,24(3):256-263.
[19]姜立春,曾俊佳,王国伟.水平采空区群离散多自由度动力响应模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(1):59-67.JIANG Lichun,ZENG Junjia,WANG Guowei.A discrete dynamic response model with multiple degrees of freedom for horizontal goaf group[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(1):59-67.
[20]余伟健,冯涛,王卫军,等.充填开采的协作支撑系统及其力学特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(增1):2803-2813.YU Weijian,FENG Tao,WANG Weijun,et al.Coordination support systems in mining with filling and Mechanical behavior[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(Suppl 1):2803-2813.