沼泽红假单胞菌PSB06对辣椒根际微生物群落结构的影响
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摘要
生物农药的使用极大地减少了对环境的污染,探究生物农药对致病菌的细菌多样性及群落分布将为后续研究生物农药对致病菌的微生态调控提供理论依据.本研究运用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术分析比较辣椒健康植株与疫病发病植株根际土壤微生物多样性,以及研究沼泽红假单胞菌PSB06对植株根际土壤的微生物多样性影响,探究沼泽红假单胞菌PSB06对辣椒疫病的微生态调控机制.结果显示,在第7 d和第14 d的来自同一处理的根际土壤细菌群落多样性变化没有显著差异,辣椒疫病发病植株根际土壤微生物多样性均小于健康植株根际土壤微生物多样性且喷洒沼泽红假单胞菌PSB06发酵液的土样微生物多样性最高;辣椒疫病发病植株根际土壤中放线菌丰度均小于健康植株且喷洒沼泽红假单胞菌菌剂PSB06的土壤中放线菌的丰度最高.辣椒发病植株与健康植株根际土壤中微生物多样性存在显著差异.施用沼泽红假单胞菌可以改善土壤微生物区系,提高土壤微生物群落丰富性以及土壤中放线菌所占的丰度.
The use of biological pesticide can greatly reduce the soil pollution in the environment. Exploring the effect of biological pesticide on community diversity and distribution of pathogenic bacteria will provide theoretic basis for subsequent researches on biological pesticide micro-ecological control. In order to explore the microbial ecological mechanism of pepper phytophthora blight,this research compared the difference of microbial diversity between rhizosphere soil of infected and healthy plants,and the effects of Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB06 on microbial diversities of plant rhizosphere soil were investigated using Illumina Mi Seq sequencing technology. The results showed that there was less difference in the microbial diversity from the same soil between the seventh day and the fourteenth day. The microbial diversity of rhizosphere soil of healthy plants was higher than that of rhizosphere soil of infected plants. The soil sprayed with Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB06 exhibited the highest diversity. Moreover, the abundance of Actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil of healthy plants was higher than that of infected plants,and the highest abundance of Actinomycetes was observed in the soil sprayed with Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB06. The microbial diversity between rhizosphere soil of infected and healthy plants was significantly different. Spraying Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB06 could significantly alter the microbial community structure of the soil. It could also increase the diversity of microorganism and the abundance of Actinomycetes in the soil.
The use of biological pesticide can greatly reduce the soil pollution in the environment. Exploring the effect of biological pesticide on community diversity and distribution of pathogenic bacteria will provide theoretic basis for subsequent researches on biological pesticide micro-ecological control. In order to explore the microbial ecological mechanism of pepper phytophthora blight,this research compared the difference of microbial diversity between rhizosphere soil of infected and healthy plants,and the effects of Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB06 on microbial diversities of plant rhizosphere soil were investigated using Illumina Mi Seq sequencing technology. The results showed that there was less difference in the microbial diversity from the same soil between the seventh day and the fourteenth day. The microbial diversity of rhizosphere soil of healthy plants was higher than that of rhizosphere soil of infected plants. The soil sprayed with Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB06 exhibited the highest diversity. Moreover, the abundance of Actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil of healthy plants was higher than that of infected plants,and the highest abundance of Actinomycetes was observed in the soil sprayed with Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB06. The microbial diversity between rhizosphere soil of infected and healthy plants was significantly different. Spraying Rhodopseudomonas palustris PSB06 could significantly alter the microbial community structure of the soil. It could also increase the diversity of microorganism and the abundance of Actinomycetes in the soil.
引文
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[2]王未,黄从建,张满成,等.我国区域性水体农药污染现状研究分析[J].环境保护科学,2013,39(5):5-9.Wang X,Huang C J,Zhang M C,et al.Study on status of regional water pollution by pesticides in China[J].Environmental Protection Science,2013,39(5):5-9.
[3]Miller Jr G T.Sustaining the earth:an integrated approach[M].California:Thomson Brooks Cole,1994.
[4]沈德中.污染环境的生物修复[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002.
[5]崔中利,崔利霞,黄彦,等.农药污染微生物降解研究及应用进展[J].南京农业大学学报,2012,35(5):93-102.Cui Z L,Cui L X,Huang Y,et al.Advances and application of microbial degradation in pesticides pollution remediation[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2012,35(5):93-102.
[6]Frster H,Adaskaveg J E,Kim D H,et al.Effect of phosphite on tomato and pepper plants and on susceptibility of pepper to phytophthora root and crown rot in hydroponic culture[J].Plant Disease,1998,82(10):1165-1170.
[7]Xie J H,Cardenas E S,Sammis T W,et al.Effects of irrigation method on Chile pepper yield and Phytophthora root rot incidence[J].Agricultural Water Management,1999,42(2):127-142.
[8]司美茹,薛泉宏,余博,等.辣椒疫霉生防菌的双重筛选[J].植物保护学报,2006,33(1):41-46.Si M R,Xue Q H,Yu B,et al.The selection of biocontrol actinomycetes against Phytophthora capsici by the method assessed inhibiting zones and root-colonizing capacity[J].Acta Phytophylacica Sinica,2006,33(1):41-46.
[9]Roberts D P,Maul J E,Mc Kenna L F,et al.Selection of genetically diverse Trichoderma spp.isolates for suppression of Phytophthora capsici on bell pepper[J].Canadian Journal of Microbiology,2010,56(10):864-873.
[10]刘永亮,尹成林,田叶韩,等.拮抗真菌HTC的鉴定及其对辣椒疫病的生物防治潜力[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(5):437-444.Liu Y L,Yin C L,Tian Y H,et al.Identification of the antagonistic fungus strain HTC and its potential for biocontrol of pepper phytophthora blight[J].Acta Phytophylacica Sinica,2013,40(5):437-444.
[11]Kim H S,Sang M K,Jung H W,et al.Identification and characterization of Chryseobacterium wanjuense strain KJ9C8 as a biocontrol agent of Phytophthora blight of pepper[J].Crop Protection,2012,32:129-137.
[12]Sang M K,Kim K D.Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria suppressive to Phytophthora blight affect microbial activities and communities in the rhizosphere of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)in the field[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2012,62:88-97.
[13]Kim H S,Sang M K,Jeun Y C,et al.Sequential selection and efficacy of antagonistic rhizobacteria for controlling Phytophthora blight of pepper[J].Crop Protection,2008,27(3-5):436-443.
[14]李永强,杨建飞,张平,等.2株塔里木盆地土壤放线菌发酵产物抑菌作用初探[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(5):83-87.Li Y Q,Yang J F,Zhang P,et al.Antifungal activity and control effects of the fermentation products produced by two soil actinomycete strains from Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science),2010,32(5):83-87.
[15]Khan M A,Cheng Z H,Xiao X M,et al.Ultrastructural studies of the inhibition effect against Phytophthora capsici of root exudates collected from two garlic cultivars along with their qualitative analysis[J].Crop Protection,2011,30(9):1149-1155.
[16]武丽娜.光合细菌对水培黄瓜苗期生长的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(11):6409-6410,6477.Wu L N.Influence of PSB(Photosynthetic Bacteria)on the growth of hydroponic cucumber seedlings[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2012,40(11):6409-6410,6477.
[17]Hohmann-Marriott M F,Blankenship R E.The photosynthetic world[M].Netherlands:Springer,2012.3-32.
[18]Adessi A,De Philippis R.Photobioreactor design and illumination systems for H2production with anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria:a review[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2014,39(7):3127-3141.
[19]Abo-Hashesh M,Sabourin-Provost G,Hallenbeck P C.Rr Hyd A is inactive when overexpressed in Rhodospirillum rubrum but can be matured in Escherichia coli[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2013,38(26):11233-11240.
[20]Wu H S,Tsai J J.Separation and purification of coenzyme Q10from Rhodobacter sphaeroides[J].Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers,2013,44(6):872-878.
[21]Zhang S B,Zhu C H,Liu Y,et al.Biodegradation of fenpropathrin by a novel Rhodopseudomonas sp.strain PSB07-8[J].International Journal of Environmental Engineering,2014,6(1):55-67.
[22]Liu G F,Zhou J T,Wang J,et al.Bacterial decolorization of azo dyes by Rhodopseudomonas palustris[J].World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2006,22(10):1069-1074.
[23]Tian Y T,Yue T L,Yuan Y H,et al.Tobacco biomass hydrolysate enhances coenzyme Q10 production using photosynthetic Rhodospirillum rubrum[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(20):7877-7881.
[24]Zhang J,Zhang W X,Li S Z,et al.A two-step fermentation of distillers'grains using Trichoderma viride and Rhodopseudomonas palustris for fish feed[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2013,36(10):1435-1443.
[25]李晶,刘玉荣,贺纪正,等.土壤微生物对环境胁迫的响应机制[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(4):959-967.Li J,Liu Y R,He J Z,et al.Insights into the responses of soil microbial community to the environmental disturbances[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2013,33(4):959-967.
[26]吴林坤,林向民,林文雄.根系分泌物介导下植物-土壤-微生物互作关系研究进展与展望[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(3):298-310.Wu L K,Lin X M,Lin W X.Advances and perspective in research on plant-soil-microbe interactions mediated by root exudates[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2014,38(3):298-310.
[27]Yang Y H,Fang J Y,Ma W H,et al.Large-scale pattern of biomass partitioning across China's grasslands[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography,2010,19(2):268-277.
[28]Wang X,Van Nostrand J D,Deng Y,et al.Scale-dependent effects of climate and geographic distance on bacterial diversity patterns across northern China's grasslands[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2015,91(12),doi:10.1093/femsec/fiv133.
[29]Kong Y.Btrim:a fast,lightweight adapter and quality trimming program for next-generation sequencing technologies[J].Genomics,2014,98(2):152-153.
[30]MagocˇT,Salzberg S L.FLASH:fast length adjustment of short reads to improve genome assemblies[J].Bioinformatics,2011,27(21):2957-2963.
[31]Edgar R C,Haas B J,Clemente J C,et al.UCHIME improves sensitivity and speed of chimera detection[J].Bioinformatics,2011,27(16):2194-200.
[32]Edgar R C.UPARSE:highly accurate OTU sequences from microbial amplicon reads[J].Nature Methods,2013,10(10):996-998.
[33]Mc Kenna P,Hoffmann C,Minkah N,et al.The macaque gut microbiome in health,lentiviral infection,and chronic enterocolitis[J].PLo S Pathogens,2008,4(2):e20.
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