激光直接金属沉积工艺能效的田口试验研究
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摘要
为了研究金属激光直接沉积工艺过程中工艺参量对工艺能效的影响,采用自主研发的HCX60五轴激光复合制造机床开展工艺能效田口试验,并对其结果进行了信噪比分析、极差分析以及方差分析,得到激光功率、送粉量、扫描速率、提升量以及搭接率对工艺能效的影响主次关系,提出了工艺因素优化组合。结果表明,送粉量对工艺能效的影响最为显著,最佳参量组合为激光功率P=500W,送粉量f=28g/min,扫描速率v=600mm/min,提升量h=0.6mm和搭接率λ=30%。这为研究增材制造工艺参量对工艺能效的作用及影响规律提供了理论借鉴和实验基础。
In order to study influence of direct metal laser deposition process parameters on the process efficiency,a selfdeveloped HCX60 five-axis laser composite manufacturing center was adopted to carry out Taguchi experiment for process efficiency. Signal-to-noise ratio analysis,range analysis and variance analysis were used to analyze the results. The influence of laser power,powder feed rate,scanning rate,lifting capacity and overlap ratio on process energy efficiency was discussed and the optimum combination of technological factors was put forward. The results show that,powder feeding rate is the most significant parameter for the process of energy efficiency. The best combination of parameters is laser power P of 500 W,powder feeding rate f of 28 g/min,scanning speed v of 600 mm/min,lifting capacity h of 0. 6 mm and overlap rate λ of 30%. The research provides theoretical and experimental grounds for further studying the effect of process parameters on process energy efficiency and its influence rule.
In order to study influence of direct metal laser deposition process parameters on the process efficiency,a selfdeveloped HCX60 five-axis laser composite manufacturing center was adopted to carry out Taguchi experiment for process efficiency. Signal-to-noise ratio analysis,range analysis and variance analysis were used to analyze the results. The influence of laser power,powder feed rate,scanning rate,lifting capacity and overlap ratio on process energy efficiency was discussed and the optimum combination of technological factors was put forward. The results show that,powder feeding rate is the most significant parameter for the process of energy efficiency. The best combination of parameters is laser power P of 500 W,powder feeding rate f of 28 g/min,scanning speed v of 600 mm/min,lifting capacity h of 0. 6 mm and overlap rate λ of 30%. The research provides theoretical and experimental grounds for further studying the effect of process parameters on process energy efficiency and its influence rule.
引文
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[7]XUE H,KUMAR V,SUTHERLAND J W.Material flows and environmental impacts of manufacturing systems via aggregated input-output models[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2007,15(13/14):1349-1358.
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[9]CHOI A C K,KAEBERNICK H,LAI W H.Manufacturing processes modelling for environmental impact assessment[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,1997,70(1/3):231-238.
[10]BHUSHAN R K.Optimization of cutting parameters for minimizing power consumption and maximizing tool life during machining of Al alloy Si C particle composites[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2013,39(1):242-254.
[11]DRAGANESCU F,GHEORGHE M,DOICIN C V.Models of machine tool efficiency and specific consumed energy[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2003,141(1):9-15.
[12]YAN J H,FENG C H,LI L.Sustainability assessment of machining process based on extension theory and entropy weight approach[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2014,71(5/8):1419-1431.
[13]FRANCO A,ROMOLI L.Characterization of laser energy consumption in sintering of polymer based powders[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2012,212(4):917-926.
[14]PASTRAS G,FYSIKOPOULOS A,STAVROPOULOS P,et al.An approach to modelling evaporation pulsed laser drilling and its energy efficiency[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2014,72(9/12):1227-1241.
[15]LI W,KARA S.An empirical model for predicting energy consumption of manufacturing processes:a case of turning process[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,2011,B225(9):1636-1646.
[16]MORI M,FUJISHIMA M,INAMASU Y,et al.A study on energy efficiency improvement for machine tools[J].CIRP Annals—Manufacturing Technology,2011,60(1):145-148.
[17]LI L,YAN J,XING Z.Energy requirements evaluation of milling machines based on thermal equilibrium and empirical modelling[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2013,52(4):113-121.
[18]GUO Y,DUFLOU J R,LAUWERS B.Energy-based optimization of the material stock allowance for turning-grinding process sequence[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2014,75(1):503-513.
[19]HUANG Zh T,YANG J,Zh ANG Ch Y,et al.Energy-oriented CNC milling process modelling and parameter optimization[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,27(18):2524-2532(in Chinese).
[20]SHI B F,ZHANG A F,QI B L,et al.Influence of heat accumulation on microstructure and property of Ti-6Al-4V in laser direct forming[J].Laser Technology,2016,40(1):29-32(in Chinese).
[21]ZHANG D Q,LIU X D,ZHANG W B,et al.Study on effect of scanning path on quality of single laser cladding layer[J].Hot Working Technology,2016,45(20):149-152(in Chinese).