一种遥感器光轴微振动姿态解算方法
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摘要
静止轨道高光谱遥感器积分时间较长且谱段较多,成像品质受高频微振动影响较大,若要提高空间分辨率,则需准确地对其光轴微振动进行探测,并指导稳像系统进行矫正。针对光轴微振动探测问题,文章首先提出了一种将像移探测与微振动姿态解算相结合的探测方法,可对遥感器光轴沿俯仰、滚转方向高频微振动进行探测;其次以符合空间分辨率要求的遥感图像作为参考图像,基于摄影测量方法建立了一系列与参考图像存在确定光轴姿态差的测试图像,将参考图像与测试图像作为输入,并对其采样间光轴姿态差进行解算;最后对仿真结果进行了分析,由仿真结果可知该方法可以有效地对10μrad以下的光轴微振动进行探测。
Because the hyperspectral remote sensor on stationary orbit has long integration time and many spectral bands, the image quality is greatly influenced by high frequency micro vibration. In order to improve the spatial resolution, the optical axis micro vibration should be detected accurately to guide rectifying the image stabilization system. In view of the detection problem of the optical axis micro vibration, a detection method was firstly proposed, combining image motion detection with micro vibration attitude determination, which can be used to detect the high frequency micro vibration along the pitching and the rolling directions of the optical axis. Secondly, taking the remote sensing image which conforms to the spatial resolution requirements, as the reference image, a series of test images which have the defined optical axial attitude difference with the reference images are established based on photogrammetry. Taking the reference and test images as input, the optical axis attitude difference in the sampling interval is computed by this algorithm. Finally, the simulation results are analyzed. From the simulation results, one can know that the method is effective to detect the high frequency micro vibration of the optical axis below 10?rad.
Because the hyperspectral remote sensor on stationary orbit has long integration time and many spectral bands, the image quality is greatly influenced by high frequency micro vibration. In order to improve the spatial resolution, the optical axis micro vibration should be detected accurately to guide rectifying the image stabilization system. In view of the detection problem of the optical axis micro vibration, a detection method was firstly proposed, combining image motion detection with micro vibration attitude determination, which can be used to detect the high frequency micro vibration along the pitching and the rolling directions of the optical axis. Secondly, taking the remote sensing image which conforms to the spatial resolution requirements, as the reference image, a series of test images which have the defined optical axial attitude difference with the reference images are established based on photogrammetry. Taking the reference and test images as input, the optical axis attitude difference in the sampling interval is computed by this algorithm. Finally, the simulation results are analyzed. From the simulation results, one can know that the method is effective to detect the high frequency micro vibration of the optical axis below 10?rad.
引文
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[2]张丽,汤恩生,许敬旺.空间相机像移补偿方法研究[J].航天返回与遥感,2007,28(3):19-22.ZHANG Li,TANG Ensheng,XU Jingwang.Studies on the Image Motion Compensation Methods of Space Camera[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2007,28(3):19-22.(in Chinese)
[3]李浩洋,刘兆军,徐彭梅.浅谈空间光学遥感器稳像技术[J].航天返回与遥感,2010,31(6):52-57.LI Haoyang,LIU Zhaojun,XU Pengmei.An Overview on Image Stabilization Method of Space-born Remote Sensing Systems[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2010,31(6):52-57.(in Chinese)
[4]赵红颖,金宏,熊经武.电子稳像技术概述[J].光学精密工程,2001,9(4):353-359.ZHAO Hongying,JIN Hong,XIONG Jingwu.An Introduction to Electronic Image Stabilization Technology[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2001,9(4):353-359.(in Chinese)
[5]林萌萌.基于惯性测量单元的船用星敏感器定位/姿态方法研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,2014.LIN Mengmeng.Research on Positioning/Attitude Algorithm of Star Sensor for Ship Basing on Ineritial Measurement Unit[D].Harbin Engineering University,2014.(in Chinese)
[6]安文吉.某三轴稳定卫星姿态确定及控制系统研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,2007.AN Wenji.Attitude Determination and Control System of A Three-axis Stabilized Satellite[D].Harbin Engineering University,2007.(in Chinese)
[7]葛任伟,吴清文,王运,等.基于联合变换相关器的像移测量方法研究[J].计算机仿真,2010,27(3):215-219.GE Renwei,WU Wenqing,WANG Yun.The Study of Image Motion Measurement Based on Joint Transform Correlator[J].Computer Simulation,2010,27(3):215-219.(in Chinese)
[8]许博谦,郭永飞,王刚.测量空间相机像移量的联合变换相关器的改进[J].光学精密工程,2014,22(6):1418-1423.XU Boqian,GUO Yongfei,WANG Gang.Improvement of Joint Transform Correlator for Measurement of Space Camera Image Motion[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2014,22(6):1418-1423.(in Chinese)
[9]徐巧玉.大型装备在线三维视觉测量系统关键技术研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,2007.XU Qiaoyu.Study of the Key Technologies of Online 3D Vision Measurement System for Large-scale Equipments[D].Harbin Engineering University,2007.(in Chinese)
[10]满益云,陈世平.一种实时测量卫星运动像移的新方法[J].航天返回与遥感,2003,24(3):24-29.MAN Yiyun,CHEN Shiping.An Innovative Method for the Real Time Measurements of Image Shift Due to the Motion of the Satellite[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2003,24(3):24-29.(in Chinese)
[11]JANSCHEK K,BOGE T,DYBLENKO S,et al.Image Based Attitude Determination Using an Optical Correlator[C]//Spacecraft Guidance,Navigation and Control Systems,2000.
[12]TCHERNYKH V,DYBLENKO S V,JANSCHEK K,et al.Optical-correlator-based System for the Real-time Analysis of Image Motion in the Focal Plane of an Earth Observation Camera[J].Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,2000,4113(1):S321-S322.
[13]TCHERNYKH V,HARNISCH B.Compensation of Focal Plane Image Motion Perturbations with Optical Correlator in Feedback Loop[J].SPIE,Sensors,Systems,and Next-generation Satellite VIII,2004,5570:1-23.
[14]葛鹏.基于联合变换光学相关器的图像位移矢量探测技术[D].浙江大学,2012.GE Peng.Image Displacement Measurement Based on Joint Transform Optical Correlator[D].Zhejiang University,2012.(in Chinese)
[15]LONGUET-HIGGINS H C.A Computer Algorithm for Reconstructing a Scene from Two Projections[J].Nature,1981,293(5828):133-135.
[16]蒋正新,施国梁.矩阵理论及其应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1988.JIANG Zhengxin,SHI Guoliang.Matrix Theor and its Analysis[M].Beijing:Beihang Univrsity Press,1988.(in Chinese)
[17]HARTLEY R I.Estimation of Relative Camera Positions for Uncalibrated Cameras[C]//European Conference on Computer Vision.Springer-Verlag,1992:579-587.
[18]李福东.航空远距离倾斜摄影相机扫描稳像及像移补偿技术研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,2015.LI Fudong.Research on Scanning&Motion Compensation of Airborne Camera for Long Range Oblique Photography[D].Harbin Engineering University,2015.(in Chinese)
[19]李延伟,远国勤.面阵彩色航空遥感相机前向像移补偿机构精度分析[J].光学精密工程,2012,20(11):2439-2443.LI Yanwei,YUAN Guoqin.Accuracy Analysis of Forward Image Displacement Compensation Divece for Aerial Scan Color CCD Camera[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2012,20(11):2439-2443.(in Chinese)
[20]VELLA F,CASTORINA A,MANCUSO M,et al.Digital Image Stabilization by Adaptive Block Motion Vectors Filtering[J].IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,2002,48(3):796-801.
[21]MORIMOTO C,CHELLAPPA R.Evaluation of Image Stabilization Algorithms[C]//IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing.IEEE,1998:2789-2792.