基于农机自动化的悬挂犁耕深自动控制研究
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摘要
农作物的生长主要依赖于田块,因此进行农业生产时,田块的耕作质量是影响农作物产量的重要因素。目前,国内进行田块耕作时主要是通过手动控制的悬挂犁来实现,因手动控制时易导致耕深的不均匀,耕作质量无法满足农作物生长的需求。为此,基于农机自动化的发展趋势,开发了一种悬挂犁的耕深自动控制系统。耕深控制系统可以按照具体功能分为检测装置、控制装置和执行装置3个部分。工作时,通过电位器实时获取耕深数据,将耕深信号并发送给PIC16F883单片机及其外围电路控制装置,进行数据分析,并将耕深的修正值指令发送给步进电机和驱动电路执行装置,调节悬挂犁的升降和耕作深度。对该系统自动控制的悬挂犁耕田作业时间、实测耕深、耕深范围数据与手动控制条件下所测数据相比较表明:该自动控制系统可实现悬挂犁在各种田块条件耕作下的耕作深度的精准调节,提高了田块耕作质量,延长农机使用寿命,通用性较好,具有较广阔的应用前景。
The growth of crops depends on the terraces,so agricultural production,the quality of farming plots are important factors affecting crop production. Current time domestically mainly through farming plots manually controlled suspension plow achieved by manual control easily lead to uneven,deep tillage farming quality can not meet the needs of crop growth,which we based on the development trend of agricultural automation,developed a suspension plow tillage depth of the automatic control system,the entire system can follow the tillage depth control function is divided into specific detection means,the control means and execution means these three parts,tillage depth data real-time access via potentiometer,the tillage depth signal and sent to the PIC16F883 MCU and its peripheral circuit control device,data analysis,and sends tillage depth correction value command to the stepping motor drive circuit and actuator,adjustable suspension and lifting plow tillage depth. The system automatically controlled suspension plowed working time,found deep tillage,tillage depth range of data compared to manual control conditions the measured data,found that the automatic control system can be realized in a variety of hanging plow plots under the condition farming tillage depth fine adjustment,improve quality and extend farming plots agricultural life,common good,has a more broad application prospects.
The growth of crops depends on the terraces,so agricultural production,the quality of farming plots are important factors affecting crop production. Current time domestically mainly through farming plots manually controlled suspension plow achieved by manual control easily lead to uneven,deep tillage farming quality can not meet the needs of crop growth,which we based on the development trend of agricultural automation,developed a suspension plow tillage depth of the automatic control system,the entire system can follow the tillage depth control function is divided into specific detection means,the control means and execution means these three parts,tillage depth data real-time access via potentiometer,the tillage depth signal and sent to the PIC16F883 MCU and its peripheral circuit control device,data analysis,and sends tillage depth correction value command to the stepping motor drive circuit and actuator,adjustable suspension and lifting plow tillage depth. The system automatically controlled suspension plowed working time,found deep tillage,tillage depth range of data compared to manual control conditions the measured data,found that the automatic control system can be realized in a variety of hanging plow plots under the condition farming tillage depth fine adjustment,improve quality and extend farming plots agricultural life,common good,has a more broad application prospects.
引文
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[3]刘丽,杨丽娟.农业机械自动化的现状与推进模式研究[J].吉林农业,2014(5):37.
[4]阿依丁·克扎突拉,吴明涛,何培祥,等.耕深自动调节控制系统[J].农机化研究,2013,35(3):160-163.
[5]吴维雄,马荣朝.悬挂犁耕机组耕深自动控制的研究[J].农机化研究,2007(9):77-79,97.
[6]聂友红,康杰,何家慧,等.耕深自动调节控制系统设计与试验研究[J].农机化研究,2015,37(2):143-145.
[7]谢光珍,曾财宝.悬挂犁作业质量差的原因分析及处理技术[J].南方农机,2010(4):30-31.