10种菊科植物的抗旱性与抗盐性评价
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摘要
为筛选能够应用于干旱地区及盐性土壤的花海植物,以10种具有代表性的菊科植物为材料,利用PEG-6000溶液和盆栽控水法分别在种子萌发期和幼苗期进行干旱胁迫,利用NaCl溶液分别在这两个时期进行盐胁迫,测定供试植物种子的发芽指标、幼苗的质膜相对透性以及抗氧化酶活性等生理指标,通过隶属函数法全面评价10种菊科植物的抗旱性和抗盐性。结果表明:干旱或盐胁迫下,10种测试植物的生理指标变化显著;其中,相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量均增加,但抗性强的品种增幅较小;过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性因物种不同存在差异;抗旱性强弱次序为波斯菊>万寿菊>小丽花>硫华菊>五色菊>向日葵>麦秆菊>矢车菊>勋章菊>异果菊;抗盐性强弱次序为波斯菊>硫华菊>小丽花>万寿菊>五色菊>矢车菊>向日葵>麦秆菊>勋章菊>异果菊。
To screen drought-and salt-resistant flower plants,two experiments were conducted.Drought stress was applied during the seed germination and seedling periods of 10 species from Asteraceae,using PEG-6000 solution and potting water control method. Meanwhile,salt stress was processed using Na Cl solution. The index of seed germination,the relative permeability of plasma membrane and the activity of antioxidant enzymes of the seedlings were measured. Drought resistance and salt resistance of all the species were evaluated with the method of membership function. The results showed that all measured indices changed significantly under drought or salt stress. Under both drought and salt stresses,the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde( MDA) content increased,with the magnitude of enhancement in the species with stronger resistance being smaller. The activities of peroxidase( POD),catalase( CAT),and superoxide dismutase( SOD) differed among species. The drought resistance of different species ranged from strong to weak as following: Cosmos bipinnata > Tagetes erecta > Dahlia pinnate cv. > Cosmos sulphureus > Brachycome iberdifolia > Helianthus annuus > Helichrysum bracteatum > Centaurea cyanus > Gazania rigens > Dimorphotheca sinuata; salt resistance from strong to weak: Cosmos bipinnata > Cosmos sulphureus > Dahlia pinnate cv. > Tagetes erecta > Brachycome iberdifolia >Centaurea cyanus > Helianthus annuus > Helichrysum bracteatum > Gazania rigens > Dimorphotheca sinuata.
To screen drought-and salt-resistant flower plants,two experiments were conducted.Drought stress was applied during the seed germination and seedling periods of 10 species from Asteraceae,using PEG-6000 solution and potting water control method. Meanwhile,salt stress was processed using Na Cl solution. The index of seed germination,the relative permeability of plasma membrane and the activity of antioxidant enzymes of the seedlings were measured. Drought resistance and salt resistance of all the species were evaluated with the method of membership function. The results showed that all measured indices changed significantly under drought or salt stress. Under both drought and salt stresses,the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde( MDA) content increased,with the magnitude of enhancement in the species with stronger resistance being smaller. The activities of peroxidase( POD),catalase( CAT),and superoxide dismutase( SOD) differed among species. The drought resistance of different species ranged from strong to weak as following: Cosmos bipinnata > Tagetes erecta > Dahlia pinnate cv. > Cosmos sulphureus > Brachycome iberdifolia > Helianthus annuus > Helichrysum bracteatum > Centaurea cyanus > Gazania rigens > Dimorphotheca sinuata; salt resistance from strong to weak: Cosmos bipinnata > Cosmos sulphureus > Dahlia pinnate cv. > Tagetes erecta > Brachycome iberdifolia >Centaurea cyanus > Helianthus annuus > Helichrysum bracteatum > Gazania rigens > Dimorphotheca sinuata.
引文
陈爱葵,韩瑞宏,李东洋,等.2010.植物叶片相对电导率测定方法比较研究.广东教育学院学报,30(5):88-91.
董梅.2013.柴达木地区主要树种抗旱耐盐生理研究(博士学位论文).北京:北京林业大学.
杜玉玲,潘晨慧,李丹阳,等.2017.利用隶属函数值法对7种一、二年生花卉耐盐性的综合评价.江苏农业科学,45(6):105-111.
管志勇,陈发棣,滕年军,等.2010.5种菊花近缘种属植物的耐盐性比较.中国农业科学,43(4):787-794.
韩东洺,张喜洋,庞秋颖,等.2017.萌芽菊芋块茎对盐碱土壤胁迫的生理响应.生态学报,37(4):1244-1251.
李合生.2000.植物生理生化实验原理及技术.北京:高等教育出版社.
李鸿渐.1993.中国菊花.南京:江苏科学技术出版社.
刘晶,才华,刘莹,等.2013,两种紫花苜蓿苗期耐盐生理特性的初步研究及其耐盐性比较.草业学报,22(02):250-256.
刘敏,厉悦,汲文宪,等.2016,五种黄色系菊科植物幼苗对干旱胁迫的生理响应及抗旱性评价.北方园艺,40(11):61-67.
罗冬,王明玖,李元恒,等.2015.四种豆科牧草种子萌发和幼苗生长对干旱的响应及抗旱性评价.生态环境学报,24(2):224-230.
米娜,张玉书,蔡福,等.2016.土壤干旱胁迫对作物影响的模拟研究进展.生态学杂志,35(9):2519-2526.
彭玉梅,石国亮,崔辉梅.2013.PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫下不同加工番茄种子萌发期抗旱性评价.种子,32(7):44-49.
秦斐斐,慈敦伟.2017.花生幼苗对重复干旱胁迫的生理响应.生态学报,37(24):8486-8498.
秦文静,梁宗锁.2010.四种豆科牧草萌发期对干旱胁迫的响应及抗旱性评价.草业学报,19(4):61-70.
桑丹,蓝悦,杨凡,等.2017.国内花海景观分类研究.福建林业科技,44(2):129-134.
时丽冉,陈红艳,崔兴国.2010.干旱胁迫对地被菊膜脂过氧化和抗氧化酶活性的影响.北方园艺,34(9):96-98.
孙静,曾俊,王银杰,等.2013.20个切花菊品种抗旱性评价与筛选.南京农业大学学报,36(1):24-28.
孙艳茹,石屹,陈国军,等.2015.PEG模拟干旱胁迫下8种绿肥作物萌发特性与抗旱性评价.草业学报,24(3):89-98.
孙云波,陈翔,陈垣,等.2015.种荚预处理对红芪种子发芽特性的影响.草业学报,24(6):159-167.
田山君,杨世民,孔凡磊,等.2014.西南地区玉米苗期抗旱品种筛选.草业学报,23(1):50-57.
王进,王桔红,张勇,等.2011.苦豆子和披针叶黄华种子萌发和幼苗生长对干旱胁迫的响应.中国生态农业学报,19(4):872-877.
王学奎.2006.植物生理生化实验原理和技术.北京:高等教育出版社.
张翯.2016.DCPTA对玉米苗期耐盐性的调控效应(硕士学位论文).哈尔滨:东北农业大学.
张凤银,陈禅友,胡志辉.2014.PEG-6000胁迫对宿根天人菊种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响.西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,42(1):132-136.
张志焕,韩敏,张逸,等.2016.番茄砧木苗期耐旱性鉴定评价.生态学杂志,35(3):719-725.
张紫薇,庞春花,张永清,等.2017.等渗Na Cl和PEG胁迫及复水处理对藜麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.作物杂志,(1):119-126.
钟莹,吴南生.2015.浅议花海植物景观的营造.南方林业科学,43(4):63-65.
周连城.2010.不同紫云英品种春播萌发期和苗期的抗旱性比较研究(硕士学位论文).湖南:湖南农业大学.
Bai JP,Gao HJ,Yang HY,et al.2016.Comparison of ultrastructural and physiological changes of potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)plantlets subjected to salt and modeling drought stresses.Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,38:182.
Chen Q,Zhang MD,Shen SH.2011.Effect of salt on malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes in seedling roots of Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus L.).Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,33:273-278.
De Souza PI,Egli DB,Bruening WP.1997.Water stress during seed filling and leaf senescence in soybean.Agronomy Journal,89:807-812.
Hussain MI,Lyra DA,Farooq M,et al.2016.Salt and drought stresses in safflower:A review.Agronomy for Sustainable Development,36:1-31.
Long XH,Chi JH,Liu L,et al.2009.Effect of seawater stress on physiological and biochemical responses of five Jerusalem artichoke ecotypes.Pedosphere,19:208-216.
Oxborough K.2004.Imaging of chlorophyll a fluorescence:Theoretical and practical aspects of an emerging technique for the monitoring of photosynthetic performance.Journal of Experimental Botany,55:1195-1205.
Maiti R,Kumari A,Thakur AK,et al.2016.Bioresource and Stress Management.Singapore:Springer.
Shao TY,Li LL,Wu YW,et al.2016.Balance between salt stress and endogenous hormones influence dry matter accumulation in Jerusalem artichoke.Science of the Total Environment,568:891-898.
Xue YF,Liu ZP.2008.Antioxidant enzymes and physiological characteristics in two Jerusalem artichoke cultivars under salt stress.Russian Journal of Plant Physiology,55:776-781.
Yang JC,Zhang JH.2006.Grain filling of cereals under soil drying.New Phytologist,169:223-236.
董梅.2013.柴达木地区主要树种抗旱耐盐生理研究(博士学位论文).北京:北京林业大学.
杜玉玲,潘晨慧,李丹阳,等.2017.利用隶属函数值法对7种一、二年生花卉耐盐性的综合评价.江苏农业科学,45(6):105-111.
管志勇,陈发棣,滕年军,等.2010.5种菊花近缘种属植物的耐盐性比较.中国农业科学,43(4):787-794.
韩东洺,张喜洋,庞秋颖,等.2017.萌芽菊芋块茎对盐碱土壤胁迫的生理响应.生态学报,37(4):1244-1251.
李合生.2000.植物生理生化实验原理及技术.北京:高等教育出版社.
李鸿渐.1993.中国菊花.南京:江苏科学技术出版社.
刘晶,才华,刘莹,等.2013,两种紫花苜蓿苗期耐盐生理特性的初步研究及其耐盐性比较.草业学报,22(02):250-256.
刘敏,厉悦,汲文宪,等.2016,五种黄色系菊科植物幼苗对干旱胁迫的生理响应及抗旱性评价.北方园艺,40(11):61-67.
罗冬,王明玖,李元恒,等.2015.四种豆科牧草种子萌发和幼苗生长对干旱的响应及抗旱性评价.生态环境学报,24(2):224-230.
米娜,张玉书,蔡福,等.2016.土壤干旱胁迫对作物影响的模拟研究进展.生态学杂志,35(9):2519-2526.
彭玉梅,石国亮,崔辉梅.2013.PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫下不同加工番茄种子萌发期抗旱性评价.种子,32(7):44-49.
秦斐斐,慈敦伟.2017.花生幼苗对重复干旱胁迫的生理响应.生态学报,37(24):8486-8498.
秦文静,梁宗锁.2010.四种豆科牧草萌发期对干旱胁迫的响应及抗旱性评价.草业学报,19(4):61-70.
桑丹,蓝悦,杨凡,等.2017.国内花海景观分类研究.福建林业科技,44(2):129-134.
时丽冉,陈红艳,崔兴国.2010.干旱胁迫对地被菊膜脂过氧化和抗氧化酶活性的影响.北方园艺,34(9):96-98.
孙静,曾俊,王银杰,等.2013.20个切花菊品种抗旱性评价与筛选.南京农业大学学报,36(1):24-28.
孙艳茹,石屹,陈国军,等.2015.PEG模拟干旱胁迫下8种绿肥作物萌发特性与抗旱性评价.草业学报,24(3):89-98.
孙云波,陈翔,陈垣,等.2015.种荚预处理对红芪种子发芽特性的影响.草业学报,24(6):159-167.
田山君,杨世民,孔凡磊,等.2014.西南地区玉米苗期抗旱品种筛选.草业学报,23(1):50-57.
王进,王桔红,张勇,等.2011.苦豆子和披针叶黄华种子萌发和幼苗生长对干旱胁迫的响应.中国生态农业学报,19(4):872-877.
王学奎.2006.植物生理生化实验原理和技术.北京:高等教育出版社.
张翯.2016.DCPTA对玉米苗期耐盐性的调控效应(硕士学位论文).哈尔滨:东北农业大学.
张凤银,陈禅友,胡志辉.2014.PEG-6000胁迫对宿根天人菊种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响.西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,42(1):132-136.
张志焕,韩敏,张逸,等.2016.番茄砧木苗期耐旱性鉴定评价.生态学杂志,35(3):719-725.
张紫薇,庞春花,张永清,等.2017.等渗Na Cl和PEG胁迫及复水处理对藜麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.作物杂志,(1):119-126.
钟莹,吴南生.2015.浅议花海植物景观的营造.南方林业科学,43(4):63-65.
周连城.2010.不同紫云英品种春播萌发期和苗期的抗旱性比较研究(硕士学位论文).湖南:湖南农业大学.
Bai JP,Gao HJ,Yang HY,et al.2016.Comparison of ultrastructural and physiological changes of potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)plantlets subjected to salt and modeling drought stresses.Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,38:182.
Chen Q,Zhang MD,Shen SH.2011.Effect of salt on malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes in seedling roots of Jerusalem artichoke(Helianthus tuberosus L.).Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,33:273-278.
De Souza PI,Egli DB,Bruening WP.1997.Water stress during seed filling and leaf senescence in soybean.Agronomy Journal,89:807-812.
Hussain MI,Lyra DA,Farooq M,et al.2016.Salt and drought stresses in safflower:A review.Agronomy for Sustainable Development,36:1-31.
Long XH,Chi JH,Liu L,et al.2009.Effect of seawater stress on physiological and biochemical responses of five Jerusalem artichoke ecotypes.Pedosphere,19:208-216.
Oxborough K.2004.Imaging of chlorophyll a fluorescence:Theoretical and practical aspects of an emerging technique for the monitoring of photosynthetic performance.Journal of Experimental Botany,55:1195-1205.
Maiti R,Kumari A,Thakur AK,et al.2016.Bioresource and Stress Management.Singapore:Springer.
Shao TY,Li LL,Wu YW,et al.2016.Balance between salt stress and endogenous hormones influence dry matter accumulation in Jerusalem artichoke.Science of the Total Environment,568:891-898.
Xue YF,Liu ZP.2008.Antioxidant enzymes and physiological characteristics in two Jerusalem artichoke cultivars under salt stress.Russian Journal of Plant Physiology,55:776-781.
Yang JC,Zhang JH.2006.Grain filling of cereals under soil drying.New Phytologist,169:223-236.