魔芋白绢病病原菌生物学特性及中药提取物药物筛选
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摘要
采集陕南的魔芋白绢病发病组织进行病原菌分离,对分离菌株进行魔芋组织和植株的致病性验证,并经形态特征和ITS rDNA鉴定为半知菌亚门真菌齐整小核菌(Athelia rolfsii),该菌生长温度为10~37℃,最适温度为30℃,pH 4.0~10.0,最佳pH为7.0。厚朴酚、和厚朴酚、胡椒碱、蛇床子4种中药提取物对白绢病菌丝和菌核均有抑制作用,其中厚朴酚、和厚朴酚的抑制效果最好,对菌丝抑制率达100%。研究结果为魔芋白绢病的生物防治提供了一种新途径。
To identify and characterize the pathogen causing A.konjac southern blight in southern Shaanxi,the pathogen was collected and identificated as Athelia rolfsii according to morphological characteristics and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer(rDNA-ITS)sequences.The suitable temperatures for its growth were 10℃to 37℃its optimum temperature was at 30℃.A.rolfsii grew well at a pH range of 4.0 to 10.0 with the optimum pH at 7.0.Four traditional Chinese medicine extracts,magnolol,honokiol,piperine,cnidium had inhibitory effect on mycelium and sclerotia of A.konjac southern blight pathogen.Magnolol and honokiol showed the best inhibitory effect,which its inhibition rate was 100%.The results provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of A.konjac southern blight.
To identify and characterize the pathogen causing A.konjac southern blight in southern Shaanxi,the pathogen was collected and identificated as Athelia rolfsii according to morphological characteristics and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer(rDNA-ITS)sequences.The suitable temperatures for its growth were 10℃to 37℃its optimum temperature was at 30℃.A.rolfsii grew well at a pH range of 4.0 to 10.0 with the optimum pH at 7.0.Four traditional Chinese medicine extracts,magnolol,honokiol,piperine,cnidium had inhibitory effect on mycelium and sclerotia of A.konjac southern blight pathogen.Magnolol and honokiol showed the best inhibitory effect,which its inhibition rate was 100%.The results provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of A.konjac southern blight.
引文
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[18]茹水江,王汉荣,王连平,等.白术白绢病病原生物学特性及其防治药剂筛选[J].浙江农业学报,2007(6):439-443.RU SH J,WANG H R,WANG L P,et al.Biological characteristics of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz and its fungicide screening[J].Acta Agricultural Zhejiangensis,2007(6):439-443.
[19]靳子斌,陈友乾,李建国.安康市耕地土壤养分现状及施肥对策[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(7):313-314.JIN Z B,CHEN Y Q,LI J G.Status of soil nutrients in cultivated land and fertilization strategies in Ankang city[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2016,44(7):313-314.
[20]李松.汉中市土壤养分空间变异及耕地地力评价研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.LI S.Study on spatial variability of soil nutrients and quantitative evaluation of cultivated land fertility in Hanzhong[D].Yangling Shaanxi:Northwest A&F University,2016.
[21]陈阳峰,钟晓红.中国中草药源农药的应用开发进展[J].农药,2013,52(10):717-720.CHEN Y F,ZHONG X H.Progress of application development in Chinese herbal pesticides in China[J].Pesticides,2013,52(10):717-720.
[22]张勇,唐方.厚朴酚药理作用的最新研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2012,37(23):3526-3530.ZHANG Y,TANG F.Advance in latest studies on pharmacological effects of magnolol[J].China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,2012,37(23):3526-3530.
[23]天津药物研究院.植物活性成分辞典[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2001.Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research.Plant Active Constituent Database[M].Beijing:China Medico Pharmacdogical Sciences and Technology Publishing House,2001.
[24]孔苗,冯晓元,李文生,等.和厚朴酚对水果采后致腐真菌的抑制作用[J].保鲜与加工,2005,28(3):10-12.KONG M,FENG X Y,LI W SH,et al.Inhibitory action of honokiol on rot causing fungi in postharvest fruit[J].Storage&Process,2005,28(3):10-12.
[2]高蓓,卫海燕,郭彦龙,等.基于层次分析法和GIS的秦岭地区魔芋潜在分布研究[J].生态学报,2015,35(21):7108-7116.GAO B,WEI H Y,GUO Y L,et al.Potenal distribution of amorphophallus rivieri in the Qinling Mountains based on analytic hierarchy process and geographic information system[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(21):7108-7116.
[3]李丽,屠莉,肖迪,等.鸢尾白绢病发生动态与综合防治研究[J].中国植保导刊,2016,36(8):26-32.LI L,TU L,XIAO D,et al.Study on occurring dynamics of iris southern blight and its integrated control[J].China Plant Protection,2016,36(8):26-32.
[4]黄雅俊,宋会鸣,丁佩,等.16%井冈·噻呋SC防治铁皮石斛白绢病药效评价[J].农药,2017,56(5):372-373.HUANG Y J,SONG H M,DING P,et al.Efficacy evaluation of validamycin-thifluzamide 16%SC against Selerotium rolfsii on Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo[J].Pesticides,2017,56(5):372-373.
[5]梁君,张科立,张珂莹,等.铁皮石斛白绢病防治药剂筛选试验[J].浙江农业科学,2015,56(6):839-842.LIANG J,ZHANG K L,ZHANG K Y,et al.Screening test of sclerotium disease prevention and cure on Dendrobium candidum[J].Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences,2015,56(6):839-842.
[6]陆燕,李澄,陈志德,等.解淀粉芽孢杆菌41B-1对花生白绢病的生防效果[J].中国油料作物学报,2016,38(4):487-494.LU Y,LI CH,CHEN ZH D,et al.Biological control activities of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 41B-1against Sclerotium rolfsii[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2016,38(4):487-494.
[7]El-KATATNY M,GUDELJ M,ROBRA K H.Characterization of a chitinase and an endo-beta-1,3-glucanase from Trichoderma harzianum Rifai T24involved in control of the phytopathogen Sclerotium rolfsii[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2001,6(1/2):137-143.
[8]张献强,黎起秦,甘启范,等.防治茉莉白绢病的药剂筛选研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(10):5152-5154.ZHANG X Q,LI Q Q,GAN Q F,et al.Screening fungicides for controlling jasmine Sclerotium rolfsii blight[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2010,38(10):5152-5154.
[9]严希,田山君,裴芸,等.几种中药提取液对番茄病害病原真菌的抑制效果[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(20):129-134.YAN X,TIAN SH J,PEI Y,et al.Inhibition of different Chinese medicine extracts on tomato disease pathogenic fungi[J].Journal of Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2017,45(20):129-134.
[10]裴庆慧,王玥,刘宇莹,等.5种中药材乙醇提取物对植物病原真菌的抑制作用研究[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(15):90-95.PEI Q H,WANG Y,LIU Y Y,et al.Inhibition of five Chinese medicinal herb extracts against plant pathogen fungi[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2016,37(15):90-95.
[11]魏景超.真菌鉴定手册[M],上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979.WEI J CH.Fungus Identification Manual[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Scientific&Technical Publishers,1979.
[12]戴芳澜.中国真菌总汇[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.DAI F L.China Fungus Confluence[M].Beijing:Science Press,1979.
[13]金苹,高晓余.白绢病的研究[J].农业灾害研究,2011,1(1):14-22.JIN P,GAO X Y.Research and overview of southern blight[J].Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology,2011,1(1):14-22.
[14]战徊旭,王静,王凤龙,等.四川省烟草白绢病病原菌的分离鉴定及其生物学特性[J].烟草科技,2014(1):85-88.ZHAN H X,WANG J,WANG F L,et al.Identification of pathogen of tobacco southern blight(Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)in Sichuan and its biological characteristics[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2014(1):85-88.
[15]徐炜.岚皋县魔芋软腐病和白绢病病原菌的分离鉴定和生物防控初探[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.XU W.Isolation and identification of the soft rot and Sclerotium rolfsii of Amorphophallus konjac and study of biological control in Langao couty[D].Yangling Shaanxi:Northwest A&F University,2011.
[16]马琼,万佐玺,秦恩华,等.魔芋白绢病病原菌的分离鉴定[J].湖北民族学院学报(自然科学版),2006,24(1):97-100.MA Q,WAN Z X,QIN E H,et al.The separation and identification of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.causing Amorphophallus konjac white rot[J].Journal of Hubei Institute for Nationalities(Natural Science Edition),2006,24(1):97-100.
[17]王雅,黄思良,何朋朋,等.芝麻白绢病病原菌的分离鉴定及其生物学特性[J].中国油料作物学报,2013,35(1):84-91.WANG Y,HUANG S L,HE P P,et al.Identification and characterization of sesame southern blight pathogen[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2013,35(1):84-91.
[18]茹水江,王汉荣,王连平,等.白术白绢病病原生物学特性及其防治药剂筛选[J].浙江农业学报,2007(6):439-443.RU SH J,WANG H R,WANG L P,et al.Biological characteristics of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz and its fungicide screening[J].Acta Agricultural Zhejiangensis,2007(6):439-443.
[19]靳子斌,陈友乾,李建国.安康市耕地土壤养分现状及施肥对策[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(7):313-314.JIN Z B,CHEN Y Q,LI J G.Status of soil nutrients in cultivated land and fertilization strategies in Ankang city[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2016,44(7):313-314.
[20]李松.汉中市土壤养分空间变异及耕地地力评价研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.LI S.Study on spatial variability of soil nutrients and quantitative evaluation of cultivated land fertility in Hanzhong[D].Yangling Shaanxi:Northwest A&F University,2016.
[21]陈阳峰,钟晓红.中国中草药源农药的应用开发进展[J].农药,2013,52(10):717-720.CHEN Y F,ZHONG X H.Progress of application development in Chinese herbal pesticides in China[J].Pesticides,2013,52(10):717-720.
[22]张勇,唐方.厚朴酚药理作用的最新研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2012,37(23):3526-3530.ZHANG Y,TANG F.Advance in latest studies on pharmacological effects of magnolol[J].China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,2012,37(23):3526-3530.
[23]天津药物研究院.植物活性成分辞典[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2001.Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research.Plant Active Constituent Database[M].Beijing:China Medico Pharmacdogical Sciences and Technology Publishing House,2001.
[24]孔苗,冯晓元,李文生,等.和厚朴酚对水果采后致腐真菌的抑制作用[J].保鲜与加工,2005,28(3):10-12.KONG M,FENG X Y,LI W SH,et al.Inhibitory action of honokiol on rot causing fungi in postharvest fruit[J].Storage&Process,2005,28(3):10-12.