地基微波辐射计反演产品在青海省东部适应性研究
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摘要
利用2013年青海省东部西宁站(08:00和20:00两个时次)探空观测资料和同址MP-3000A型微波辐射计反演数据,分析了该地区大气温度和相对湿度的垂直分布特征,讨论了微波辐射计的反演效果,并对温度偏差较大的月份进行偏差订正。结果表明:①从高度来看,微波辐射计对低层温湿度反演明显优于高层。微波辐射计反演和探空探测年平均温度相关系数随高度上升基本呈现递减的趋势,最大在近地面,为0. 988;最小在距地10 km处,为0. 529,且通过了0. 01水平的显著性检验。而年平均相对湿度相关系数仅3. 0 km以下通过了0. 01水平的显著性检验。②从季节来看,春、夏、秋季温湿度的微波辐射计反演与探空吻合度明显好于冬季。春、夏、秋季温度相关系数均通过0. 01水平的显著性检验。春、夏、秋季相对湿度的相关系数在地面到2. 0 km处通过0. 01水平的显著性检验,而冬季在1. 5 km以下通过0. 01水平的显著性检验。③应用订正方程对温度偏差较大的月份进行了偏差订正,效果较好。
The vertical distribution characteristics of temperature and relative humidity( RH) in Xining region were analyzed using the data of radiosonde( at 08: 00 and 20: 00,BT) and the corresponding MP-3000 A microwave radiometer over Xining in east Qinghai Province in 2013. The inversion effect of the microwave radiometer was discussed,and the correction of temperature in the months with high deviation was made. The results are as follows:(1) The inversion of low-layer temperature and RH from the microwave radiometer was obviously superior to that of high layer. The correlation coefficient of annual mean temperature was in a decrease trend with the increase of height. The maximum value( 0. 988) occurred at the surface layer,and the minimum one( 0. 529) at 10 km height from the ground. The correlation coefficient of annual mean RH below 3 km height passed a significance test at 0. 01 level;(2) In spring,summer and autumn,the matching of temperature and RH between microwave radiometer and radiosonde was significantly better than that in winter. The correlation coefficients of temperature passed a significant test at 0. 01 level in the three seasons. The correlation coefficients of RH in the three seasons were passed the significance test from the ground surface to 2 km height,but the correlation coefficient of RH in winter was passed below 1. 5 km;(3) The correction equation was used to correct the bias in the months with large temperature deviation,and the effect was good.
The vertical distribution characteristics of temperature and relative humidity( RH) in Xining region were analyzed using the data of radiosonde( at 08: 00 and 20: 00,BT) and the corresponding MP-3000 A microwave radiometer over Xining in east Qinghai Province in 2013. The inversion effect of the microwave radiometer was discussed,and the correction of temperature in the months with high deviation was made. The results are as follows:(1) The inversion of low-layer temperature and RH from the microwave radiometer was obviously superior to that of high layer. The correlation coefficient of annual mean temperature was in a decrease trend with the increase of height. The maximum value( 0. 988) occurred at the surface layer,and the minimum one( 0. 529) at 10 km height from the ground. The correlation coefficient of annual mean RH below 3 km height passed a significance test at 0. 01 level;(2) In spring,summer and autumn,the matching of temperature and RH between microwave radiometer and radiosonde was significantly better than that in winter. The correlation coefficients of temperature passed a significant test at 0. 01 level in the three seasons. The correlation coefficients of RH in the three seasons were passed the significance test from the ground surface to 2 km height,but the correlation coefficient of RH in winter was passed below 1. 5 km;(3) The correction equation was used to correct the bias in the months with large temperature deviation,and the effect was good.
引文
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[9]杨莲梅,李霞,赵玲,等.MP-3000A型地基微波辐射计探测性能及其在乌鲁木齐降水天气中的初步应用[J].干旱气象,2013,31(3):570-578.[Yang Lianmei,Li Xia,Zhao Ling,et al.Detection performance of MP-3000A ground-based microwave radiometer and its preliminary application during rainfall processes in Urumqi[J].Journal of Arid Meteorology,2013,31(3):570-578.]
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[11]李建强,李新生,董文晓,等.RPG-HATPRO微波辐射计反演的温度和湿度数据适用性分析[J].气象与环境学报,2017,33(6):89-95.[Li Jianqiang,Li Xinsheng,Dong Wenxiao,et al.Applicability analysis of air temperature and humidity data retrieved from a RPG-HATPRO microwave radiometer[J].Journal of Meteorology and Environment,2017,33(6):89-95.]
[12]焦洋,游庆龙,林厚博,等.1979-2012年青藏高原地区地面气温时空分布特征[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(2):283-291.[Jiao Yang,You Qinglong,Lin Houbo,et al.Spatiotemporal distribution of surface temperature over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1979 to 2012[J].Arid Zone Research,2016,33(2):283-291.]
[13]商沙沙,廉丽姝,马婷,等.近54 a中国西北地区气温和降水的时空变化特征[J].干旱区研究,2018,35(1):68-76.[ShangShasha,Lian Lishu,Ma Ting,et al.Spatiotemporal variation of temperature and precipitation in Northwest China in recent 54 years[J].Arid Zone Research,2018,35(1):68-76.]
[14]李娜.西北半干旱区基于微波辐射计的大气温湿廓线遥感研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2014.[Li Na.Remote-sensing of Atmospheric Temperature and Humidity Profiles Based on Microwave Radiometer in Semi-Arid Area of Northwest China[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2014.]
[15]刘建忠,张蔷.微波辐射计反演产品评价[J].气象科技,2010,38(3):325-331.[Liu Jianzhong,Zhang Qiang.Evaluation and analysis of retrieval products of ground-based microwave radiometers[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2010,38(3):325-331.]
[16]卢会国,李国平,蒋娟萍,等.阳江国际探空试验的GPS、探空、微波辐射计水汽资料对比分析[J].气象科技,2014,42(1):158-163.[Lu Huiguo,Li Guoping,Jiang Juanping,et al.A comparative analysis of vapor data between GPS/MET radiosonde and microwave radiometer from Yangjiang International Radiosonde intercomparison[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2014,42(1):158-163.]
[17]王帅辉,韩志刚,姚志刚,等.基于CloudSat资料的中国及周边地区云垂直结构统计分析[J].高原气象,2010,30(1):38-52.[Wang Shuaihui,Han Zhigang,Yao Zhigang,et al.Analysis on cloud vertical structure over China and its neighborhood based on cloudsat data[J].Plateau Meteorology,2010,30(1):38-52.]
[18]林乐科,张业荣,赵振维,等.微波辐射计探测大气剖面的相关向量机算法[J].电波科学学报,2009,24(1):90-94.[Lin Leke,Zhang Yerong,Zhao Zhenwei,et al.Retrieving atmosphere profiles by microwave radiometer based on RVM[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2009,24(1):90-94.]
[19]赵玲,马玉芬,张广兴,等.MP-3000A微波辐射计的探测原理及误差分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2009,3(5):54-57.[Zhao Ling,Ma Yufen,Zhang Guangxing,et al.The principle and error analysis of microwave radiometer MP-3000A[J].Desert and Oasis Meteorology,2009,3(5):54-57.]
[20]车云飞,马舒庆,杨玲,等.云对地基微波辐射计反演湿度廓线的影响[J].应用气象学报,2015,26(2):193-202.[Che Yunfei,Ma Shuqing,Yang Ling,et al.Cloud influence on atmospheric humidity profile retrieval by ground-based microwave radiometer[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology Science,2015,26(2):193-202.]
[21]陈哲.中国探空气球水平漂移总体特征分析[J].气象,2010,36(2):22-27.[Chen Zhe.Characteristics of the overall sounding data drift in China[J].Meteorological Monthly,2010,36(2):22-27.]
[2]刘红燕,李炬,曹晓彦,等.遥感大气结构的地基12通道微波辐射计测量结果分析[J].遥感技术与应用,2007,22(2):222-229.[Liu Hongyan,Li Ju,Cao Xiaoyan,et al.Characteristics of the atmosphere remote sensed by the ground-based 12-channel radiometer[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2007,22(2):222-229.]
[3]刘建忠,何晖,张蔷.不同时次地基微波辐射计反演产品评估[J].气象科技,2012,40(3):332-339.[Liu Jianzhong,He Hui,Zhang Qiang.Evaluation and analysis of retrieval products of ground-based microwave radiometers at different times[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2012,40(3):332-339.]
[4]李娜,张武,陈艳,等.基于微波辐射计的大气温湿廓线遥感探测[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2015,51(1):61-71.[Li Na,Zhang Wu,Chen Yan,et al.Remote-sensing of atmospheric temperature and relative humidity profiles based on microwave radiometer[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences Edition),2015,51(1):61-71.]
[5]刘红燕,王迎春,王京丽,等.由地基微波辐射计测量得到的北京地区水汽特性的初步分析[J].大气科学,2009,33(2):388-396.[Liu Hongyan,Wang Yingchun,Wang Jingli,et al.Preliminary analysis of the characteristics of precipitable water vapor measured by the ground-based 12-channel microwave radiometer in Beijing[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2009,33(2):388-396.]
[6]张文刚,徐桂荣,廖可文,等.地基微波辐射计探测精度的变化特征分析[J].暴雨灾害,2017,36(4):373-381.[Zhang Wengang,Xu Guirong,Liao Kewen,et al.Analysis on variation of ground-based microwave radiometer measurement accuracy[J].Torrential Rain and Disasters,2017,36(4):373-381.]
[7]王黎俊,孙安平,刘彩红,等.地基微波辐射计探测在黄河上游人工增雨中的应用[J].气象,2007,33(11):28-33.[Wang Lijun,Sun Anping,Liu Caihong,et al.Application of ground-based microwave radiometer detection to precipitation enhancement in the upper of the Yellow River[J].Meteorological Monthly,2007,33(11):28-33.]
[8]姚俊强,杨青,韩雪云,等.乌鲁木齐夏季水汽日变化及其与降水的关系[J].干旱区研究,2013,30(1):67-73.[Yao Junqiang,Yang Qing,Han Xueyun,et al.Analysis on daily variation of water vapor and its relationship with rainfall in Urumqi in summer[J].Arid Zone Research,2013,30(1):67-73.]
[9]杨莲梅,李霞,赵玲,等.MP-3000A型地基微波辐射计探测性能及其在乌鲁木齐降水天气中的初步应用[J].干旱气象,2013,31(3):570-578.[Yang Lianmei,Li Xia,Zhao Ling,et al.Detection performance of MP-3000A ground-based microwave radiometer and its preliminary application during rainfall processes in Urumqi[J].Journal of Arid Meteorology,2013,31(3):570-578.]
[10]李军霞,李培仁,晋立军,等.地基微波辐射计在遥测大气水汽特征及降水分析中的应用[J].干旱气象,2017,35(5):767-775.[Li Junxia,Li Peiren,Jin Lijun,et al.Remote sensing of precipitable water vapor feature and application in precipitation analysis by using ground-based microwave radiometer[J].Journal of Arid Meteorology,2017,35(5):767-775.]
[11]李建强,李新生,董文晓,等.RPG-HATPRO微波辐射计反演的温度和湿度数据适用性分析[J].气象与环境学报,2017,33(6):89-95.[Li Jianqiang,Li Xinsheng,Dong Wenxiao,et al.Applicability analysis of air temperature and humidity data retrieved from a RPG-HATPRO microwave radiometer[J].Journal of Meteorology and Environment,2017,33(6):89-95.]
[12]焦洋,游庆龙,林厚博,等.1979-2012年青藏高原地区地面气温时空分布特征[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(2):283-291.[Jiao Yang,You Qinglong,Lin Houbo,et al.Spatiotemporal distribution of surface temperature over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1979 to 2012[J].Arid Zone Research,2016,33(2):283-291.]
[13]商沙沙,廉丽姝,马婷,等.近54 a中国西北地区气温和降水的时空变化特征[J].干旱区研究,2018,35(1):68-76.[ShangShasha,Lian Lishu,Ma Ting,et al.Spatiotemporal variation of temperature and precipitation in Northwest China in recent 54 years[J].Arid Zone Research,2018,35(1):68-76.]
[14]李娜.西北半干旱区基于微波辐射计的大气温湿廓线遥感研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2014.[Li Na.Remote-sensing of Atmospheric Temperature and Humidity Profiles Based on Microwave Radiometer in Semi-Arid Area of Northwest China[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2014.]
[15]刘建忠,张蔷.微波辐射计反演产品评价[J].气象科技,2010,38(3):325-331.[Liu Jianzhong,Zhang Qiang.Evaluation and analysis of retrieval products of ground-based microwave radiometers[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2010,38(3):325-331.]
[16]卢会国,李国平,蒋娟萍,等.阳江国际探空试验的GPS、探空、微波辐射计水汽资料对比分析[J].气象科技,2014,42(1):158-163.[Lu Huiguo,Li Guoping,Jiang Juanping,et al.A comparative analysis of vapor data between GPS/MET radiosonde and microwave radiometer from Yangjiang International Radiosonde intercomparison[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2014,42(1):158-163.]
[17]王帅辉,韩志刚,姚志刚,等.基于CloudSat资料的中国及周边地区云垂直结构统计分析[J].高原气象,2010,30(1):38-52.[Wang Shuaihui,Han Zhigang,Yao Zhigang,et al.Analysis on cloud vertical structure over China and its neighborhood based on cloudsat data[J].Plateau Meteorology,2010,30(1):38-52.]
[18]林乐科,张业荣,赵振维,等.微波辐射计探测大气剖面的相关向量机算法[J].电波科学学报,2009,24(1):90-94.[Lin Leke,Zhang Yerong,Zhao Zhenwei,et al.Retrieving atmosphere profiles by microwave radiometer based on RVM[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2009,24(1):90-94.]
[19]赵玲,马玉芬,张广兴,等.MP-3000A微波辐射计的探测原理及误差分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2009,3(5):54-57.[Zhao Ling,Ma Yufen,Zhang Guangxing,et al.The principle and error analysis of microwave radiometer MP-3000A[J].Desert and Oasis Meteorology,2009,3(5):54-57.]
[20]车云飞,马舒庆,杨玲,等.云对地基微波辐射计反演湿度廓线的影响[J].应用气象学报,2015,26(2):193-202.[Che Yunfei,Ma Shuqing,Yang Ling,et al.Cloud influence on atmospheric humidity profile retrieval by ground-based microwave radiometer[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology Science,2015,26(2):193-202.]
[21]陈哲.中国探空气球水平漂移总体特征分析[J].气象,2010,36(2):22-27.[Chen Zhe.Characteristics of the overall sounding data drift in China[J].Meteorological Monthly,2010,36(2):22-27.]