基于DOE的整车气动优化减阻研究
|
摘要
以国内某款运动型多用途汽车(SUV)作为研究对象,应用DOE的方法,通过软件STAR-CCM+,采用Realizable k-ε湍流模型,对整车底部进行了减阻方案研究。采用试验优化设计的方法,运用极差分析法对仿真数据进行了分析,找到最佳减阻方案。研究表明,最佳减阻方案的整车阻力系数相对于原始模型有大幅降低,降幅达6.09%,前轮挡风板对整车阻力系数的影响最大,后轮挡风板对整车阻力系数的影响最小。通过对整车外流场的分析,阐明了减阻机理。
We choose a sport utility vehicle(SUV) as the research object. Applying the DOE method and the software STAR-CCM+, and using a realizable k-ε turbulence model, we study the drag reduction scheme at the bottom of vehicle. Through the DOE method, the optimal drag reduction scheme is determined. The simulation results show that the vehicle drag coefficient of the optimal drag reduction scheme is greatly reduced by 6.09% compared to the original model. The front wheel windshield has the greatest impact on the vehicle drag coefficient, and the rear wheel windshield has the smallest impact on the vehicle drag coefficient. Through the analysis of outflow field of vehicle, the drag reduction mechanism is clarified.
We choose a sport utility vehicle(SUV) as the research object. Applying the DOE method and the software STAR-CCM+, and using a realizable k-ε turbulence model, we study the drag reduction scheme at the bottom of vehicle. Through the DOE method, the optimal drag reduction scheme is determined. The simulation results show that the vehicle drag coefficient of the optimal drag reduction scheme is greatly reduced by 6.09% compared to the original model. The front wheel windshield has the greatest impact on the vehicle drag coefficient, and the rear wheel windshield has the smallest impact on the vehicle drag coefficient. Through the analysis of outflow field of vehicle, the drag reduction mechanism is clarified.
引文
[1] ROBERT J, ENGLAR. Development of Pneumatic Aero-dynamic Devices to Improve the Performance, Economics, and Safety of Heavy Vehicles [J]. SAE, 2000,(1):2208.
[2] 杨志刚,沙潇,贾青.车轮宽度对轿车风阻的影响[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(11):1682-1688,1732. YANG Zhigang, SHA Xiao, JIA Qing. Influence of Wheel Width on Vehicle Aerodynamic Drag [J]. Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science Edition), 2014,42(11):1682-1688,1732.
[3] WASCHLE A. The Influence of Rotating Wheels on Vehicle Aerodynamics-numerical and Experimental Investigations [J]. Aerodynamics, 2007,(1):0107.
[4] 王晓明,赵又群.车轮旋转对汽车流场影响的模拟研究[J].汽车科技,2009,(4):40-42. WANG Xiaoming, ZHAO Youqun. Research on Influence of Rotating Wheels on Flow Field Around Vehicle [J]. Auto Sutech, 2009,(4):40-42.
[5] 肖能,王小碧,王伟民,等.前扰流板对机舱进气量和车辆气动阻力的影响研究[J].汽车工程,2014,36(10):1254-1257. XIAO Neng, WANG Xiaobi, WANG Weimin, et al. A Study on the Influence of Front Spoiler Height on the Air Inflow of Engine Compartment and the Drag Coefficient of Vehicle [J]. Automotive Engineering, 2014,36(10):1254-1257.
[6] SEBBEN S. Numerical Simulation of a Car Underbody: Effect of Front-wheel Deflectors [J]. SAE International, 2004.
[7] 田思.Ahmed模型射流主动控制气动减阻策略研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2016. TIAN Si. Strategy Reasearch on Active Flow Control of Ahmed Model to Reduce Aerodynamic Drag with Steady Jet [D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2016.
[8] VERSTEEG H K, MALALASEKERA W. An Introduction to Comptational Fluid Dynamics: The Finite Volume Method [M]. New York: Wiley, 1995.
[9] 李凤蔚.空气与气体动力学引论[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2007. LI Fengwei. Introduction to Air and Gas Dynamics [M]. Xi'an: Northwestern Polytechnical University Press, 2007.
[10] MAKOESKI FT, KIM SE. Advances in External-aero Simu-lation of Ground Vehicles Using the Steady RANS Equations [C]. SAE World Congress, 2000,(1):0484.
[11] 田思,吴敏,朱玲,等.方背式MIRA模型射流主动控制气动减阻研究[J]. 重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,(5):89-96. TIAN Si, WU Min, ZHU Ling, et al. Research on Active Flow Control of Square-back MIRA Model to Reduce Aerodynamic Drag with Steady Jet [J]. Journal of Chongqing University of Technology (Natural Science Edition) , 2018,(5):89-96.
[12] 谷正气,林肖辉,李伟平,等.车轮辐板形状对汽车气动阻力影响分析[J].科技导报,2011(6):57-61. GU Zhengqi, LIN Xiaohui, LI Weiping, et al. Effect of the Shape of Wheel Spokes on Vehicle Aerodynamic Performance [J]. Science & Technology Review, 2011,(6):57-61.
[13] MOEN E R, MEON R D, YOUNG T R. DOE for Accele-rated Learning and Better Vehicle Performance [C]. Motorsports Engineering Conference & Exposition, 1998.
[2] 杨志刚,沙潇,贾青.车轮宽度对轿车风阻的影响[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(11):1682-1688,1732. YANG Zhigang, SHA Xiao, JIA Qing. Influence of Wheel Width on Vehicle Aerodynamic Drag [J]. Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science Edition), 2014,42(11):1682-1688,1732.
[3] WASCHLE A. The Influence of Rotating Wheels on Vehicle Aerodynamics-numerical and Experimental Investigations [J]. Aerodynamics, 2007,(1):0107.
[4] 王晓明,赵又群.车轮旋转对汽车流场影响的模拟研究[J].汽车科技,2009,(4):40-42. WANG Xiaoming, ZHAO Youqun. Research on Influence of Rotating Wheels on Flow Field Around Vehicle [J]. Auto Sutech, 2009,(4):40-42.
[5] 肖能,王小碧,王伟民,等.前扰流板对机舱进气量和车辆气动阻力的影响研究[J].汽车工程,2014,36(10):1254-1257. XIAO Neng, WANG Xiaobi, WANG Weimin, et al. A Study on the Influence of Front Spoiler Height on the Air Inflow of Engine Compartment and the Drag Coefficient of Vehicle [J]. Automotive Engineering, 2014,36(10):1254-1257.
[6] SEBBEN S. Numerical Simulation of a Car Underbody: Effect of Front-wheel Deflectors [J]. SAE International, 2004.
[7] 田思.Ahmed模型射流主动控制气动减阻策略研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2016. TIAN Si. Strategy Reasearch on Active Flow Control of Ahmed Model to Reduce Aerodynamic Drag with Steady Jet [D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2016.
[8] VERSTEEG H K, MALALASEKERA W. An Introduction to Comptational Fluid Dynamics: The Finite Volume Method [M]. New York: Wiley, 1995.
[9] 李凤蔚.空气与气体动力学引论[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2007. LI Fengwei. Introduction to Air and Gas Dynamics [M]. Xi'an: Northwestern Polytechnical University Press, 2007.
[10] MAKOESKI FT, KIM SE. Advances in External-aero Simu-lation of Ground Vehicles Using the Steady RANS Equations [C]. SAE World Congress, 2000,(1):0484.
[11] 田思,吴敏,朱玲,等.方背式MIRA模型射流主动控制气动减阻研究[J]. 重庆理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,(5):89-96. TIAN Si, WU Min, ZHU Ling, et al. Research on Active Flow Control of Square-back MIRA Model to Reduce Aerodynamic Drag with Steady Jet [J]. Journal of Chongqing University of Technology (Natural Science Edition) , 2018,(5):89-96.
[12] 谷正气,林肖辉,李伟平,等.车轮辐板形状对汽车气动阻力影响分析[J].科技导报,2011(6):57-61. GU Zhengqi, LIN Xiaohui, LI Weiping, et al. Effect of the Shape of Wheel Spokes on Vehicle Aerodynamic Performance [J]. Science & Technology Review, 2011,(6):57-61.
[13] MOEN E R, MEON R D, YOUNG T R. DOE for Accele-rated Learning and Better Vehicle Performance [C]. Motorsports Engineering Conference & Exposition, 1998.