东北地区5个毛樱桃品种果实特性及成分研究
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摘要
针对东北地区现有的5个毛樱桃品种开展了果实特性的研究。结果表明:在果实发育期上红祥珠最短,可作为早熟品种,杂交毛樱桃(F_(1-2))最长,可作为晚熟品种,其余相同;果实颜色(除白果)均为红色,果实形状都为圆形或者近圆形。单果重上杂交毛樱桃(F_(1-2))最重,为5.73 g。通过果实、果核比较计算可食率,其中以杂交毛樱桃(F_(1-2))的最高。内在品质指标以维生素C含量的变异系数最大,其他指标相差不大。综合评价得出果实品质优良顺序为杂交毛樱桃(F_(1-2))>红祥珠>吉祥>毛樱桃(白果)>毛樱桃(红果)。
The fruit characteristics and compositions of 5 Nanking cherry(Prunus tomentosa Thunb.) varieties in northeast China were studied. The results showed that: Hongxiangzhu had the shortest fruit development duration, and this variety could be used as early-maturing variety; hybrid P. tomentosa(F_(1-2)) had the longest fruit development duration, and it could be used as late-maturing variety; the rest varieties had the same fruit development duration; the fruit color of all varieties(except white fruit) was red, and their fruit shape was round or nearly round; the single-fruit weight of hybrid P. tomentosa(F_(1-2)) was the heaviest, being 5.73 g; the edible rate of hybrid P. tomentosa(F_(1-2)) was the highest; among the internal quality indexes of cherry fruits, the vitamin C content possessed the maximum variation coefficient, while there was little difference in variation coefficient among other indexes. The comprehensive evaluation concluded the following fruit quality order of 5 cherry varieties: hybrid P. tomentosa(F_(1-2))> Hongxiangzhu> Jixiang> Nanking cherry(white fruit)> Nanking cherry(red fruit).
The fruit characteristics and compositions of 5 Nanking cherry(Prunus tomentosa Thunb.) varieties in northeast China were studied. The results showed that: Hongxiangzhu had the shortest fruit development duration, and this variety could be used as early-maturing variety; hybrid P. tomentosa(F_(1-2)) had the longest fruit development duration, and it could be used as late-maturing variety; the rest varieties had the same fruit development duration; the fruit color of all varieties(except white fruit) was red, and their fruit shape was round or nearly round; the single-fruit weight of hybrid P. tomentosa(F_(1-2)) was the heaviest, being 5.73 g; the edible rate of hybrid P. tomentosa(F_(1-2)) was the highest; among the internal quality indexes of cherry fruits, the vitamin C content possessed the maximum variation coefficient, while there was little difference in variation coefficient among other indexes. The comprehensive evaluation concluded the following fruit quality order of 5 cherry varieties: hybrid P. tomentosa(F_(1-2))> Hongxiangzhu> Jixiang> Nanking cherry(white fruit)> Nanking cherry(red fruit).
引文
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[17] 贾海慧,张小燕,陈学森,等.甜樱桃和中国樱桃果实性状的比较[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2007,38(2):193-195.
[18] 包九零,乔光,刘沛宇,等.不同品种大樱桃果实品质的评价[J].华中农业大学学报,2016,35(3):12-16.
[19] 吴久赟,刘翔宇,雷静,等.吐鲁番地区11个葡萄品种的设施栽培特性分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2018,46(3):134-141.
[20] 吕秀兰,刘杨青,周永清,等.品种、生态条件对甜樱桃果实经济性状及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2005(3):71-72.
[21] 吴兰坤,黄卫东,战吉成.弱光对大樱桃坐果及果实品质的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2002,7(3):69-74.
[2] 魏立敏,秦岳,高宝宁.毛樱桃资源的开发与利用[J].中国林副特产,2017,147(2):87-88.
[3] 高宝宁,秦岳,魏立敏.寒地多功能果树毛樱桃的种植优势[J].农业与技术,2017,37(6):40.
[4] 吴晓刚,李文远,张昱,等.毛樱桃作砧木嫁接大樱桃初探[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(8):3482-3491.
[5] 彭晶.毛樱桃多糖的分离纯化、结构分析及其抗氧化活性研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2014:1-65.
[6] 高海生,侍朋宝,张建才.毛樱桃酒系列产品的加工工艺研究[J].食品科学,2006(11):378-382.
[7] 高海生,肖月娟,刘秀凤,等.毛樱桃果实营养成分分析研究[J].食品科学,2002(6):110-112.
[8] 孙洪雁,陈雯,孙清荣,等.不同刻芽处理对美早甜樱桃2年生光秃主干萌芽率的影响[J].江西农业学报,2018,30(2):26-29.
[9] 马建军,于凤鸣,张立彬,等.野生毛樱桃生长期矿质营养含量变化与果实生长的关系[J].河北科技师范学院学报,2005,19(2):14-17,57.
[10] 唐世勇,邢英丽,王永杰,等.观赏毛樱桃新品种红祥珠的选育[J].农业科技通讯,2009(5):180-181.
[11] 孙希祥,徐玉芬.毛樱桃新品种吉祥的选育[J].中国果树,2005(5):57.
[12] 蔡宇良,李珊,陈怡平,等.不同甜樱桃品种果实主要内含物测试与分析[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(2):304-310.
[13] 唐巧玉,周毅峰,朱玉昌,等.金橘皮中黄酮类物质的提取及其体外抗氧化活性研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(6):258-261.
[14] Bonilla E P, Akoh C C, Sellappan S, et al. Pehnolicic content and antioxidant capacity of Muscadine grapes[J]. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 2003, 51(18): 5497-5503.
[15] 米热古丽·亚森,周斌,古丽尼沙·热合曼,等.中亚地区引进的几种毛樱桃生长规律及果实品质的评价[J].中国林副特产,2017(6):15-20.
[16] 史洪琴,邹陈,陈荣华.不同樱桃品种果实性状的比较研究[J].北方园艺,2010(11):24-27.
[17] 贾海慧,张小燕,陈学森,等.甜樱桃和中国樱桃果实性状的比较[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2007,38(2):193-195.
[18] 包九零,乔光,刘沛宇,等.不同品种大樱桃果实品质的评价[J].华中农业大学学报,2016,35(3):12-16.
[19] 吴久赟,刘翔宇,雷静,等.吐鲁番地区11个葡萄品种的设施栽培特性分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2018,46(3):134-141.
[20] 吕秀兰,刘杨青,周永清,等.品种、生态条件对甜樱桃果实经济性状及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2005(3):71-72.
[21] 吴兰坤,黄卫东,战吉成.弱光对大樱桃坐果及果实品质的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2002,7(3):69-74.