会仙喀斯特湿地野生荸荠微量元素及营养成分分析
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摘要
应用微波消解—电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)和氨基酸分析仪等仪器测定了桂林会仙喀斯特湿地野生植物荸荠中微量元素,氨基酸以及常规营养成分含量在其球茎和顶芽中的分布差异。结果表明,荸荠含有丰富的营养成分,粗蛋白、粗脂肪、蔗糖、总淀粉、微生素B1、微生素B2和微生素C,表现为球茎>顶芽,黄酮和葡萄糖,表现为顶芽>球茎。4种常量元素中,Ca、K和Na元素含量表现为球茎>顶芽,Mg元素含量表现为顶芽>球茎,Fe、Zn、Cr、Cu、Mn、Se、Sr、Si、Ba、Cd、Ni、Pb等12种微量元素含量均表现为球茎>顶芽,As元素未检测出。荸荠顶芽和球茎中含有18种丰富的游离氨基酸,天门冬氨酸含量最高,除苯丙氨酸、蛋氨酸、缬氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸和脯氨酸在顶芽高于球茎部之外,其他12种游离氨基酸含量均为球茎部>顶芽。会仙喀斯特湿地野生植物荸荠可适合作为药用植物来进行引种驯化和人工繁育栽培。
In this research,microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry( ICP-AES),the measure of automatic analysing amino acids and other instruments were used to study the trace elements,amino acids content and nutrient components of Eleocharis dulcis in Huixian Karst Wet lands at Guilin city. The results showed that there were more nutritive components of crude protein,crude fat,sucrose,total starch and vitamin C in corm than apical bud,much more flavone and glucose in apical bud on the contrary. The common elements content of calcium,potassium and sodium in corm were much higher than that in apical bud. The trace elements content of zinc,manganese,iron,copper,cadmium,nickel,chrome,plumbum,barium,selenium,strontium and silicon were also much higher in corm,trace element arsenic was undetected. There were eighteen kinds of free amino acid in Eleocharis dulcis. Similarly,there were more twelve free amino acids in corm than apical bud with the exception of Phe,Met,Val,Gly,Ala and Pro. Wild plant Eleocharis dulcis in Huixian Karst Wet lands is a kind of medical plant with good healthful effect. It has great potential economic benefit for us through artificial cultivation and breeding cultivation in the future.
In this research,microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry( ICP-AES),the measure of automatic analysing amino acids and other instruments were used to study the trace elements,amino acids content and nutrient components of Eleocharis dulcis in Huixian Karst Wet lands at Guilin city. The results showed that there were more nutritive components of crude protein,crude fat,sucrose,total starch and vitamin C in corm than apical bud,much more flavone and glucose in apical bud on the contrary. The common elements content of calcium,potassium and sodium in corm were much higher than that in apical bud. The trace elements content of zinc,manganese,iron,copper,cadmium,nickel,chrome,plumbum,barium,selenium,strontium and silicon were also much higher in corm,trace element arsenic was undetected. There were eighteen kinds of free amino acid in Eleocharis dulcis. Similarly,there were more twelve free amino acids in corm than apical bud with the exception of Phe,Met,Val,Gly,Ala and Pro. Wild plant Eleocharis dulcis in Huixian Karst Wet lands is a kind of medical plant with good healthful effect. It has great potential economic benefit for us through artificial cultivation and breeding cultivation in the future.
引文
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[3]田昌海,王世清,高晨曦.山慈菇中6种微量元素的测定[J].微量元素与健康研究,2009,(01):31-32.
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[14]李建武,萧能,余瑞元,等著.生物化学实验原理和方法[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1994.302-305.
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[16]孔德荣,马然,褚楠,等.6种湖产食用植物营养素含量分析[J].济宁医学院学报,1998,(04):53-54.
[17]牛凤兰,李晨旭,董威严,等.四种水生植物中无机元素和维生素C的研究[J].食品科学,2001,(01):78-79.
[18]黄凯丰,时政,王莹,等.慈姑的营养保健成分研究[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(3):444-446
[19]朱芳坤,曲黎,范文秀.7种水生蔬菜微量元素的测定及比较[J].光谱实验室,2011,(05):2501-2503.
[20]中华人民共和国国家标准—饲料卫生标准GB13078-91.2001.
[2]沈育伊,周玉恒,陈海珊,等.贝加尔唐松草微量元素和氨基酸含量测定[J].广东农业学,2012,(14):116-118.
[3]田昌海,王世清,高晨曦.山慈菇中6种微量元素的测定[J].微量元素与健康研究,2009,(01):31-32.
[4]田柱萍,何邦平,王小燕,等.中药材的药效与其所含微量元素关系的研究进展[J].微量元素与健康研究,2005,22(4):54-56.
[5]杨慧生,王利美.荸荠高产栽培技术[J].江西农业科技,1986,(5):23-24.
[6]Li M,Midmore DJ.Estimating the genetic relationships of Chinese water chestnut[Eleocharis dulcis(Burm.f.)Hensch]Cultivated in Australia,using random amplified polymorphic DNAs(RAPDs)[J].The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology,1999,74(2):224-231.
[7]李双梅,柯卫东,刘义满,等.荸荠开花结实习性观察[J].长江蔬菜,2009,(16):56-57.
[8]陈丽娟,蔡炳华,江文,等.荸荠新品种桂蹄2号的选育[J].中国蔬菜,2011,(14):96-98.
[9]杭玲,黄卓忠,廖首发,等.荸荠脱毒及组培快繁技术研究与应用[J].江苏农业科学,2007,(6):143-144.
[10]李正涛,张文武.荸荠淀粉的生产及其利用[J].农牧产品开发,1999,(4):11-12.
[11]陈青,王海燕.荸荠棕色素的提取及稳定性的研究[J].贵州大学学报(自然科学版),1999,16(2):136-139.
[12]何照范,张迪清.保健食品化学及其检测技术[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,1997.
[13]黄云华.不同倍性甜荞的遗传比较及快速繁殖研究[D].贵州:贵州师范大学,2009.
[14]李建武,萧能,余瑞元,等著.生物化学实验原理和方法[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1994.302-305.
[15]蔡德所,马祖陆著.会仙岩溶湿地生态系统研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2012.126.
[16]孔德荣,马然,褚楠,等.6种湖产食用植物营养素含量分析[J].济宁医学院学报,1998,(04):53-54.
[17]牛凤兰,李晨旭,董威严,等.四种水生植物中无机元素和维生素C的研究[J].食品科学,2001,(01):78-79.
[18]黄凯丰,时政,王莹,等.慈姑的营养保健成分研究[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(3):444-446
[19]朱芳坤,曲黎,范文秀.7种水生蔬菜微量元素的测定及比较[J].光谱实验室,2011,(05):2501-2503.
[20]中华人民共和国国家标准—饲料卫生标准GB13078-91.2001.