硫肥对河西走廊紫花苜蓿植株性状、产量及品质的影响
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摘要
研究了施硫肥S0(0kg/hm2)、S1(16.5kg/hm2)、S2(33.0kg/hm2)、S3(49.5kg/hm2)4个水平对河西走廊紫花苜蓿生物学性状、产量及营养品质的影响。结果表明:S1和S2处理显著增加了紫花苜蓿主茎长和侧茎长,S1的分枝数显著高于S2和S3处理,不同硫肥水平对紫花苜蓿主茎节数和侧茎节数没有显著影响;S3主根粗显著小于S0,S1和S2处理,S1主茎粗显著大于S0和S3处理;S1茎叶比显著低于其他处理的茎叶比;S1和S2显著增加了紫花苜蓿第1茬干草产量,S1的紫花苜蓿第2茬干草产量显著高于S2和S3处理,不同硫水平对紫花苜蓿第3茬干草产量没有显著影响,S1处理的紫花苜蓿总干草产量显著高于其他处理;S0紫花苜蓿粗蛋白含量显著低于其他处理;S1的粗脂肪含量显著高于S3处理;不同硫肥水平对紫花苜蓿粗纤维含量没有显著的影响;S1和S2的粗灰分含量显著高于S0和S3处理;S1中性和酸性洗涤纤维含量在所有处理中最低;S1处理的干物质采食量、可消化干物质和相对饲用价值都显著的低于其他处理。施硫肥水平为16.5kg/hm2时,有利于紫花苜蓿的生长、产量和营养价值的提高,而当硫肥量超过33.0kg/hm2时,紫花苜蓿干草产量和品质开始下降。
The effect of sulfur fertilizer on biological characters,yield and quality of alfalfa(Medicago sativa)was studied in Hexi Corridor,Gansu with 4sulfur fertilizer levels of S0,S1,S2 and S3(0,16.5,33.0and 49.5kg/ha).The results showed that the stem length were higher at S1 and S2levels,the branch number at S1 level was significantly higher than that of S2 and S3,the node number in stem was not significantly different among sulfur levels,the main root diameter was the highest at S3,the main stem diameter at S1 level was significantly higher than that at S0 and S3levels,the stem leaf ratio was highest at S1 level.The dry matter yield of first harvest was higher at S1 and S2levels,the dry matter yield of second harvest at S1 level was significantly higher than that at S2 and S3levels,and it was not significantly different among levels for the third harvest.The total dry matter yield at S1 level was the highest.The crude protein content was the highest at S0 level and the crude fat content at S1 level was significantly higher than that at S3 level.The crude fiber content was not significantly different among different sulfur levels,the crude ash contents at S1 and S2levels were significantly higher than that at S0 and S3levels.The neutral and acid detergent fiber contents at S1 level were the lowest.The DMI,DDM and RFV were the lowest at S1 level.The growth,dry matter yield and quality were better while the sulfur level was 16.5kg/ha.The dry matter yield and quality decreased while sulfur level was over 33.0kg/ha.
The effect of sulfur fertilizer on biological characters,yield and quality of alfalfa(Medicago sativa)was studied in Hexi Corridor,Gansu with 4sulfur fertilizer levels of S0,S1,S2 and S3(0,16.5,33.0and 49.5kg/ha).The results showed that the stem length were higher at S1 and S2levels,the branch number at S1 level was significantly higher than that of S2 and S3,the node number in stem was not significantly different among sulfur levels,the main root diameter was the highest at S3,the main stem diameter at S1 level was significantly higher than that at S0 and S3levels,the stem leaf ratio was highest at S1 level.The dry matter yield of first harvest was higher at S1 and S2levels,the dry matter yield of second harvest at S1 level was significantly higher than that at S2 and S3levels,and it was not significantly different among levels for the third harvest.The total dry matter yield at S1 level was the highest.The crude protein content was the highest at S0 level and the crude fat content at S1 level was significantly higher than that at S3 level.The crude fiber content was not significantly different among different sulfur levels,the crude ash contents at S1 and S2levels were significantly higher than that at S0 and S3levels.The neutral and acid detergent fiber contents at S1 level were the lowest.The DMI,DDM and RFV were the lowest at S1 level.The growth,dry matter yield and quality were better while the sulfur level was 16.5kg/ha.The dry matter yield and quality decreased while sulfur level was over 33.0kg/ha.
引文
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[13]Chesnin L,Yien C H.Turbidimetric determination of available sulfates[J].Soil Science Society of America Proceedings,Madison,1951,15(3):149-151.
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[16]安丹丹,王慧军,刘忠宽,等.不同硫水平对紫花苜蓿产量及生物学性状的影响[J].华北农学报,2007,22:152-155.
[17]刘春艳,刘春安,陈丹,等.硫对大豆产量影响的探讨[J].辽宁农业职业技术学院学报,2004,6(3):16-17.
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[21]汪诗平,王艳芬,姚依群.内蒙古典型草原放牧生态系统硫循环模式的初步研究[J].草地学报,1998,6(4):252-257.
[22]周瑞莲,Pasternak D,赵哈林.沙漠地区盐水灌溉对牧草产量及品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(8):985-989.
[23]田春丽,介晓磊,刘巘,等.硒锌与富啡酸配施对紫花苜蓿产量、营养成分及氨基酸组成的影响[J].草业学报,2014,23(2):66-75.
[24]陈玉香,周道玮,张玉芬.玉米营养成分时空动态应用[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(9):1589-1593.
[25]Rohweder D A,Barnes R F,Jorgensen N.Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality[J].Journal of Animal Science,1978,47(3):747-759.
[2]杨成勇,洪春容,胡萍,等.南方地区紫花苜蓿种植技术[J].草业与畜牧,2007(1):60-62.
[3]郭正刚,张自和,王锁民,等.不同紫花苜蓿品种在黄土高原丘陵区适应性的研究[J].草业学报,2003,12(4):45-50.
[4]李文姚,张岁岐,丁圣彦,等.干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿根系形态变化及与水分利用的关系[J].生态学报,2010,30(19):5140-5150.
[5]潘文杰.基于价值链的甘肃省苜蓿企业发展现状研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2014.
[6]Ceccotti S P,Messick D L.The growing need for sulphur fertilizers in Asia[C]//Proceedings of the international symposium on present and future raw material and fertilizer sulphur requirement for China,1993:25-44.
[7]Messick D L,Morris R J,Gabryszewski J M.Sulfur in crop production and sources to meet future requirements[C]//.Portch S Internationatinal Symposium on the Role of Sulfur.Magnesium and Micro nutrition,1991:10-11.
[8]Withers P J A,Tytherleigh A R J,O′Donnell F M.Effect of sulphur fertilizers on the grain yield and sulphur content of cereals[J].Journal of Agricultural Science,1995,125(3):317-324.
[9]刘艳楠,刘晓静.施肥对两个紫花苜蓿品种生产性能及营养品质的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2014,49(1):111-115.
[10]田新会,杜文华.氮、磷、钾肥对紫花苜蓿种子产量及产量构成因素的影响[J].中国草地学报,2008,30(4):16-20.
[11]Page A L,Miller R H,Keeney D R.Methods of soil analysis,Part 2:Chemical and Microbiological Properties(2nd Ed.).Wisconsin:American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America,1982:885-891.
[12]Olsen S R,Cole C V,Watanabe F S,et al.Estimation of available phosphorus in soil by extraction with sodium bicarbonate[M].Washington:U.S.Department of Agriculture,1954:939.
[13]Chesnin L,Yien C H.Turbidimetric determination of available sulfates[J].Soil Science Society of America Proceedings,Madison,1951,15(3):149-151.
[14]Van Soest P J,Robertson J B,Lewis B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch Polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3583-3597.
[15]陈默君,汪诗平.硫肥对紫花苜蓿生产性能和品质的影响[J].四川草原,1996(2):23-30.
[16]安丹丹,王慧军,刘忠宽,等.不同硫水平对紫花苜蓿产量及生物学性状的影响[J].华北农学报,2007,22:152-155.
[17]刘春艳,刘春安,陈丹,等.硫对大豆产量影响的探讨[J].辽宁农业职业技术学院学报,2004,6(3):16-17.
[18]程亮.季节性栽培紫花苜蓿根系生长与地上部生长关系的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2013.
[19]康爱民,龙瑞军,师尚礼,等.苜蓿的营养与饲用价值[J].草原与草坪,2002(3):31-33.
[20]朱新强,师尚礼,张新颖,等.4份苜蓿材料在3个生态区营养成分含量比较[J].草原与草坪,2011,31(4):5-9.
[21]汪诗平,王艳芬,姚依群.内蒙古典型草原放牧生态系统硫循环模式的初步研究[J].草地学报,1998,6(4):252-257.
[22]周瑞莲,Pasternak D,赵哈林.沙漠地区盐水灌溉对牧草产量及品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(8):985-989.
[23]田春丽,介晓磊,刘巘,等.硒锌与富啡酸配施对紫花苜蓿产量、营养成分及氨基酸组成的影响[J].草业学报,2014,23(2):66-75.
[24]陈玉香,周道玮,张玉芬.玉米营养成分时空动态应用[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(9):1589-1593.
[25]Rohweder D A,Barnes R F,Jorgensen N.Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality[J].Journal of Animal Science,1978,47(3):747-759.