干旱地区土壤养分调查及土壤改良机械研究
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摘要
针对北方干旱坡地雨水存储差、养分贫瘠、耕层浅、作物易倒伏等问题,通过分析国内外土壤改良方法,以河北省干旱半干旱地区为代表,对其典型地块的土壤养分进行丰缺状况调查,提出了机械化土壤改良技术并确定了技术路线,同时设计了悬挂式土壤改良机械。
Aimming at the problems of poor rainwater storage,poor nutrients,shallow cropping,and easy lodging of crops on arid sloping areas in the north,this paper analyzed soil improvement methods at home and abroad,and made a careful investigation and study on the abundance and deficiency situation about the soil nutrients of typical plots,taking the arid and semi-arid regions of Hebei Province as a representative.At the same time,the mechanized soil improvement technology was proposed,the technical road-map was established and a suspended soil improvement machine was designed.
Aimming at the problems of poor rainwater storage,poor nutrients,shallow cropping,and easy lodging of crops on arid sloping areas in the north,this paper analyzed soil improvement methods at home and abroad,and made a careful investigation and study on the abundance and deficiency situation about the soil nutrients of typical plots,taking the arid and semi-arid regions of Hebei Province as a representative.At the same time,the mechanized soil improvement technology was proposed,the technical road-map was established and a suspended soil improvement machine was designed.
引文
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[2]BOLAN N S,ADRIANO D C,NATESAN R,et al.Effects of organic amendments on the reduction and phytoavailability of chromate in mineral soil[J].Journal of environmental quality,2003,32(1):120-128.
[3]PAGLIAI M,VIGNOZZI N,PELLEGRINI S.Soil structure and the effect of management practices[J].Soil&tillage research,2004,79(2):131-143.
[4]张黎明,邓万刚.土壤改良剂的研究与应用现状[J].华南热带农业大学学报,2005,11(2):32-34.
[5]邵玉翠,张余良,李悦,等.天然矿物改良剂在微咸水灌溉土壤中应用效果的研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(4):100-103.
[6]陈义群,董元华.土壤改良剂的研究与应用进展[J].生态环境,2008,17(3):1282-1289.
[7]闫少锋,吴玉柏,俞双恩,等.江苏沿海地区竖井排盐试验研究[J].节水灌溉,2014,2014(8):42-44.
[8]刘长江,李取生,李秀军.深松对苏打盐碱化旱田改良与利用的影响[J].土壤,2007,39(2):306-309.
[9]许翠平,刘洪禄,车建明,等.秸秆覆盖对冬小麦耗水特征及水分生产率的影响[J].灌溉排水,2002,21(3):24-27.
[10]张秋英,李发东,欧国强,等.土壤水对降水和地表覆盖的响应[J].北京林业大学学报,2005,27(5):37-41.
[11]陈素英,张喜英,裴冬,等.玉米秸秆覆盖对麦田土壤温度和土壤蒸发的影响[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(10):171-173.
[12]蔡太义,贾志宽,黄耀威,等.中国旱作农区不同量秸秆覆盖综合效应研究进展I.不同量秸秆覆盖的农田生态环境效应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(5):63-68,74.
[13]TEBRGGE F,BHRNSEN A.Farmers’and experts’opinion on no-tillage in West Europe and Nebraska(USA)[C]//GARCIA-TORRES L,BENITES J,MARTNEZ-VILELA A,et al.Conservation agriculture. Dordrecht,Netherlands:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2003.
[14]鲁向晖,高鹏,王飞,等.宁夏南部山区秸秆覆盖对春玉米水分利用及产量的影响[J].土壤通报,2008,39(6):1248-1251.
[15]刘万锋.盐池县瘠薄盐渍土壤现状及机械化改良措施[J].现代农业科技,2016(3):249,251.
[16]贺长彬,王德成,王光辉,等.天然草地机械化改良技术研究进展[J].农机化研究,2015,37(6):258-263.
[17]于涛.机械化深耕深松技术分析[J].农机使用与维修,2012(5):101-102.
[18]如一.广西五丰机械:以粉垄技术助力中国绿色耕作革命[N].中国工业报,2017-12-05(002).
[19]高连兴,刘俊峰,郑德聪.农业机械化概论[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2011:102.
[20]赵义涛,姜佰文,梁云江.土壤肥料学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014:222,262-265,277.
[21]牛淑卿,唐春梅,屈振华,等.机械化土壤保墒技术的研究与应用[J].农机化研究,2015,37(1):235-237.