腐植酸和生物炭配施对饲用甜高粱生长与土壤磷素吸收状况的影响
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摘要
采用腐植酸和生物炭两种调理剂配合施用,共设空白对照、生物炭、腐植酸、腐植酸+生物炭、腐植酸+1/2生物炭、1/2腐植酸+生物炭等6个处理,研究两种调理剂配施对甜高粱生长和土壤磷素吸收状况的影响。结果表明,单施腐植酸和生物炭有利于饲用甜高粱拔节期的生长,对于饲用甜高粱抽穗期,腐植酸和生物炭处理配合施用效果较好,各处理中以1/2腐植酸+生物炭处理效果最佳,能促进高粱茎叶对土壤磷素吸收,提高磷素利用率,减少磷素环境风险。
This experiment used humic acid and biochar two conditioning agents in combination with six treatments including blank control, biochar, humic acid, humic acid + biochar, humic acid + 1/2 biochar, 1/2 humic acid + biochar. The effects of two conditioning agents on the growth of sweet sorghum and soil phosphorus uptake were studied. The results showed that the application of humic acid and biochar alone was beneficial to the growth of sorghum in the elongation stage, and the effect of humic acid and biochar treatment was better in the heading stage of sorghum growth. The treatment with 1/2 humic acid + biochar was the best in all treatments. It could promote the absorption of phosphorus in soil by sorghum stems and leaves, increase the utilization of phosphorus and reduce the environmental risk of phosphorus.
This experiment used humic acid and biochar two conditioning agents in combination with six treatments including blank control, biochar, humic acid, humic acid + biochar, humic acid + 1/2 biochar, 1/2 humic acid + biochar. The effects of two conditioning agents on the growth of sweet sorghum and soil phosphorus uptake were studied. The results showed that the application of humic acid and biochar alone was beneficial to the growth of sorghum in the elongation stage, and the effect of humic acid and biochar treatment was better in the heading stage of sorghum growth. The treatment with 1/2 humic acid + biochar was the best in all treatments. It could promote the absorption of phosphorus in soil by sorghum stems and leaves, increase the utilization of phosphorus and reduce the environmental risk of phosphorus.
引文
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[19]崔凤娟,李岩,王振国,等.种植密度对高粱群体生理指标及产量影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(8):9-14.
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[21]张伟明.生物炭的理化性质及其在作物生产上的应用[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2012.
[22]VACCARO S,ERTANI A,NEBBIOSO A,et al.Humic substances stunulate maize nitrogen assimilation and amino acid metabolism at physiological and molecular level[J].Chemical&biological technologies in agriculture,2015,2(1):1-12.
[23]HUA Q X,LI J Y,ZHOU J M.Enhancement of phosphorus solubility by humic substances in ferrosols[J].Pedosphere,2008,18(4):533-538.
[24]MORALES M,COMERFORD N,GUERRINI I,et al.Sorption and desorption of phosphate on biochar and biochar-soil mixtures[J].Soil use manage,2013,29:306-314.
[2]孔东星,张民,孙娅婷,等.控释磷酸二铵中磷素对大豆生长效应的影响[J].作物杂志,2006,22(6):16-19.
[3]卢树昌,翁福军,王瑞,等.不同处理对设施根结线虫控制和土壤氮磷环境风险的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(4):160-162.
[4]石宁,李彦,井永苹,等.长期施肥对设施菜田土壤氮、磷时空变化及流失风险的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(11):2434-2442.
[5]DEJAGER P C,CLAASSENS A S.Long-term phosphorus desorption kinetics of an acid sand clay soil from Mpumalanga,South Africa[J].Communications in soil science and plant analysis,2005,36(1/2/3):309-319.
[6]项大力,杨学云,孙本华,等.灌溉水平对土磷素淋失的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(1):112-117.
[7]XU G,LU Y,SUN J,et al.Recent advances in biochar applications in agricultural soils:Benefits and environmental implications[J].Clean-soil,air,water,2012,40(10):1093-1098.
[8]翁福军,卢树昌.生物炭在农业领域应用的研究进展与前景[J].北方园艺,2015(8):199-203.
[9]ABIVEN S,HUND A,MARTINSEN V,et al.Biochar amendment increases maize root surface areas and branching:Ashovelomics study in Zambia[J].Plant and soil,2015,395(1):1-11.
[10]OLMO M,ALBURQUERQUE J A,BARRON V,et al.Wheat growth and yield responses to biochar addition under Mediterranean climate conditions[J].Biology and fertility of soils,2014,50(8):1177-1187.
[11]余慧敏,郭熙.生物炭与生物炭基肥利用研究进展[J].天津农业科学,2018,24(12):82-86.
[12]STEVENSON F J.Humus chemistry:genesis,composition,reactions[M].New Jersey:John wiley&sons inc,1994.
[13]陈静,黄占斌.腐植酸在土壤修复中的作用[J].腐植酸,2014(4):30-34,65.
[14]张水勤,袁亮,林治安,等.腐植酸促进植物生长的机理研究进展[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(4):1065-1076.
[15]PICCOLO A,NARDI S,CONCHERI G.Structural characteristics of humic substances as related to nitrate uptake and growth regulation in plant systems[J].Soil biology and biochemistry,1992,24(4):373-380.
[16]CANELLAS L P,OLIVARES F L,OKOROKOVA-FAQANHAA L,et al.Humic acids isolated from earthworm compost enhance root elongation,lateral root emergence,and plasma membrane H+ATPase activity in maize roots[J].Plant physiology,2002,130(4):1951-1957.
[17]CANELLAS L P,PICCOLO A,DOBBSS L B,et al.Chemical composition and bioactivity properties of size-fractions separated from a vennicompost humic acid[J].Chemosphere,2010,78(4):457-466.
[18]卢树昌,陈清,张福锁,等.河北果园主分布区土壤磷素投入特点及磷负荷风险分析[J].中国农业科学,2008(10):3149-3157.
[19]崔凤娟,李岩,王振国,等.种植密度对高粱群体生理指标及产量影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(8):9-14.
[20]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].第3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[21]张伟明.生物炭的理化性质及其在作物生产上的应用[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2012.
[22]VACCARO S,ERTANI A,NEBBIOSO A,et al.Humic substances stunulate maize nitrogen assimilation and amino acid metabolism at physiological and molecular level[J].Chemical&biological technologies in agriculture,2015,2(1):1-12.
[23]HUA Q X,LI J Y,ZHOU J M.Enhancement of phosphorus solubility by humic substances in ferrosols[J].Pedosphere,2008,18(4):533-538.
[24]MORALES M,COMERFORD N,GUERRINI I,et al.Sorption and desorption of phosphate on biochar and biochar-soil mixtures[J].Soil use manage,2013,29:306-314.