基于STM32+FPGA的微型车床嵌入式数控系统研究与设计
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摘要
针对基于PC的数控系统的自身不足及其在微型机床上应用的缺陷,对基于STM32+FPGA的硬件架构和UC/OS-III实时操作系统的嵌入式数控系统进行了研究和设计。通过搭建双核心控制的硬件架构,研究和分析了电源电路、时钟电路等主控板中重要的硬件系统。研究并分析了实时嵌入式操作系统UC/OS-III的特点,设计了数控系统中译码、刀补、插补等应用软件,并分析了基于UC/OS-III操作系统的任务调度和时序配合方案。最后与微型车床机械架构进行适配与联调,经过实际的切削试验证明,该嵌入式数控系统实时性强,时序准确,车削过程稳定,插补轨迹精准,具有一定的开放性并极大地降低了整个车床系统的造价和占地面积,具有较好的应用前景。
Aiming at the deficiency of PC-based CNC system and its application in micro machine tool,the hardware architecture based on STM32+FPGA and the embedded CNC system based on UC/OS-iii realtime operating system were studied and designed. By building the hardware architecture of dual-core control,the important hardware systems in the main control board such as power circuit and clock circuit are studied and analyzed. This paper studied and analyzed the characteristics of the real-time embedded operating system UC/OS-iii,designed the application software such as decoding,cutter complement and interpolation in the numerical control system,and analyzed the task scheduling and timing coordination scheme based on UC/OS-iii operating system. Finally adaptation and alignment with micro lathe machine architecture,after the actual cutting experiments,it proves that the real-time embedded CNC system is strong,the timing is accurate,turning process is stable,interpolation track is precise,and has certain openness and greatly reduce the cost and covers an area of the whole of the lathe system,has a good application prospect.
Aiming at the deficiency of PC-based CNC system and its application in micro machine tool,the hardware architecture based on STM32+FPGA and the embedded CNC system based on UC/OS-iii realtime operating system were studied and designed. By building the hardware architecture of dual-core control,the important hardware systems in the main control board such as power circuit and clock circuit are studied and analyzed. This paper studied and analyzed the characteristics of the real-time embedded operating system UC/OS-iii,designed the application software such as decoding,cutter complement and interpolation in the numerical control system,and analyzed the task scheduling and timing coordination scheme based on UC/OS-iii operating system. Finally adaptation and alignment with micro lathe machine architecture,after the actual cutting experiments,it proves that the real-time embedded CNC system is strong,the timing is accurate,turning process is stable,interpolation track is precise,and has certain openness and greatly reduce the cost and covers an area of the whole of the lathe system,has a good application prospect.
引文
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[2]安治国,刘奇,卢飞.微型移动龙门式铣床结构优化设计[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2017(3):134-136.
[3]黄纪刚,方辉,蒋滔.桌面数控车床结构的优化设计[J].中国科技论文. 2016,11(10):1143-1146.
[4]张升,程祥,杨先海.超精密桌面微细铣削机床的研制[J].机械设计与制造,2014(1):110-112.
[5]汤耀年.基于PC的开放式数控系统设计[J].煤炭技术,2012,31(6):197-198.
[6]刘朝华,戴怡,石秀敏.基于PC机的开放式数控系统的设计[J].天津工程师范学院学报,2005,15(4):31-33.
[7]李宏伟.基于MC68332的嵌入式数控系统开发平台的研究[J]. 2002.
[8]王涛,王太勇,许爱芬.嵌入式实时操作系统在数控系统设计中的应用[J].计算机工程,2008,34(4):250-251.
[9]白建华,潘振锋,周红飞.基于嵌入式Linux的实时数控系统[J].机电工程,2008,25(5):12-15.
[10]王涛,王太勇,许爱芬.嵌入式实时操作系统在数控系统设计中的应用[J].计算机工程,2008,34(4):250-251.
[11]胥京宇. ST32位Cortex-M3内核微控制器挑战MCU市场[J].世界产品与技术,2007(7):99.
[12]陈柯勋,王晓毅,薛辉.基于FPGA的数据采集器设计及可靠性分析[J].科技资讯,2017,15(24):7-8.
[13]胡友水.μC/OS-Ⅱ在AT91X40单片机上的移值[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,ZW3(12):69-70.
[14]朱晓洁,舒志兵.基于ARM+FPGA的嵌入式数控系统[J].机床与液压,2008,36(7):311-313.
[15]华茂发,曹锦江.实现经济型CNC系统C刀补建立与撤消的算法研究[J].现代制造工程,2007(2):37-39.
[16]金中波,张百臣,韩霞.逐点比较法直线插补原理及其改进算法分析[J].机械工程师,2009(3):126-128.
[17]游明琳,潘阳.逐点比较法插补轨迹php仿真实现[J].现代制造技术与装备,2009(5):65-66.
[18]凡进军,刘让贤,郭紫贵.基于VC++数控插补仿真的研究[J].机械工程师,2010(5):88-90.
[19]徐虎.基于FPGA与STM32的液晶检测电路设计[J].电子设计工程,2016,24(5):87-88.
[20]何海涛. UC/OS-Ⅱ中优先级抢占的时间片调度算法的实现[J].计算机系统应用,2009,18(11):73-75.