多花水仙资源植物学性状与生物学特性研究
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摘要
为选育水仙花新品种,本研究共选择15个多花水仙资源材料,于2017年秋季在漳州进行露地栽培,观测其植物学性状及生物学特性。结果表明:15个水仙资源间的叶长、叶宽、花葶长度、每花葶小花数、小花直径、副冠直径、副冠杯深以及花药长度等有明显差异。萌芽期为10月底至12月底,抽葶期为11月底至翌年1月底,花期从12月初持续到第二年2月底,盛花期延续81d,开花持续天数27～35d。根据花色可分为4大类型,第一类为两色花类型,含7个资源,即Chinese Sacred Lily、Erlicheer、Galilee、Sol、Winter Sun、金三角、云香;第二类为白色花类型,含3个资源,即Znbal、Ziva、崇明(白);第三类为黄色花类型,含3个资源,即Golden rain、Grand SD'or、彩旺;第四类为其他花色类型,仅绿状元1种。按花期可以分为早、中、晚3种类型。通过观察比较,明确了15个资源的植物学性状和生物学特性。
In order to breeding of new narcissus varieties,in this study,15 materials of Narcissus tazetta were cultivated in open field in Zhangzhou in autumn of 2017,and their botanical and biological characteristics were observed.The results showed that the ornamental characteristics of the plants were significant difference among the resources,the plants started bud-bursting from late October to late December,began flower-spiking in late November and ended in late January in the following year,and bloomed from early December to late February in the following year.The flowering period lasts for 81 days.There were 4 major flower colors that included bicolor flower type,white flower type,yellow flower type and other types.According to the florescence,there were three type:early,middle and late.Through observation and comparison,the botanical and biological characteristics of 15 resources were identified.
In order to breeding of new narcissus varieties,in this study,15 materials of Narcissus tazetta were cultivated in open field in Zhangzhou in autumn of 2017,and their botanical and biological characteristics were observed.The results showed that the ornamental characteristics of the plants were significant difference among the resources,the plants started bud-bursting from late October to late December,began flower-spiking in late November and ended in late January in the following year,and bloomed from early December to late February in the following year.The flowering period lasts for 81 days.There were 4 major flower colors that included bicolor flower type,white flower type,yellow flower type and other types.According to the florescence,there were three type:early,middle and late.Through observation and comparison,the botanical and biological characteristics of 15 resources were identified.
引文
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[2]吕柳新.多花水仙(Narcissus tozetta L.)染色体基数x=10和x=11之间进化关系的研究[J].武汉植物学研究,1990(2):107-113.
[3]吕柳新,陈晓静,余小玲,等.水仙品种资源的育种基础研究Ⅰ.多花水仙若干品种类型的细胞学研究[J].福建农学院学报,1989(1):31-36.
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[10]王春彦,罗凤霞,刘薇萍,等.不同荷兰水仙品种在南京地区的物候期及观赏性状与生长特性[J].江苏农业科学,2011(2):247-251.
[11]何炎森,杨敏,林加耕,等.六个国外水仙品种在漳州试种的植物学特征[J].福建热作科技,2011(2):51-53.
[12]何炎森,李瑞美,陈可姗,等.8个多花水仙品种露地栽培的物候期及观赏性状比较[J].福建农业学报,2016(1):31-35.
[13]张程飞,李敏,谢倩,等.九个荷兰水仙品种在福州地区的引种观察[J].北方园艺,2017(15):84-88.
[14]陈燕贤,苏亚北.漳州水仙花新品种“金三角”选育[J].花木盆景(花卉园艺),2002(11):10-11.
[15]陈晓静,申艳红,吕柳新,等.‘云香’水仙新品种选育:发展观赏园艺,建设美丽中国[C]//中国园艺学会.观赏园艺专业委员会2013年学术年会.郑州:中国林业出版社,2013.
[16]华静静.‘黄花水仙2号’三个WD40相关基因克隆及表达分析[D].福州:福建农林大学,2015.
[17]方舟.水仙‘金玉’花芽分化研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2017.
[18]陈段芬,高健,彭镇华.水仙属植物研究进展[J].林业科学,2008(3):140-146.
[19]李科,张游南,李欢,等.‘云香’水仙花香成分分析[J].农业科技与信息(现代园林),2015(4):297-298.
[20]卞阿娜,潘东明.洋水仙在漳州地区的引种筛选研究[J].热带作物学报,2013(8):1444-1449.
[2]吕柳新.多花水仙(Narcissus tozetta L.)染色体基数x=10和x=11之间进化关系的研究[J].武汉植物学研究,1990(2):107-113.
[3]吕柳新,陈晓静,余小玲,等.水仙品种资源的育种基础研究Ⅰ.多花水仙若干品种类型的细胞学研究[J].福建农学院学报,1989(1):31-36.
[4]韩武章,杨尚庞.漳州水仙花产业的现状及发展策略[J].福建热作科技,2014(3):56-59.
[5]邱珊莲,林江波,王伟英,等.漳州水仙花产业现状及发展对策[J].福建农业科技,2013(10):56-58.
[6]施世强,叶如梦.水仙属植物分类及中国水仙资源利用研究现状[J].福建农业科技,2016(4):52-58.
[7]涂淑萍,傅波,喻苏琴.星冠水仙引种栽培及生物学特性研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2001(1):96-98.
[8]陈晓静,吕柳新.福建多花水仙资源[J].福建林学院学报,2006(1):14-17.
[9]陈燕贤,何炎森.适合漳州地区推广的三个水仙花品种[J].中国花卉园艺,2010(24):23.
[10]王春彦,罗凤霞,刘薇萍,等.不同荷兰水仙品种在南京地区的物候期及观赏性状与生长特性[J].江苏农业科学,2011(2):247-251.
[11]何炎森,杨敏,林加耕,等.六个国外水仙品种在漳州试种的植物学特征[J].福建热作科技,2011(2):51-53.
[12]何炎森,李瑞美,陈可姗,等.8个多花水仙品种露地栽培的物候期及观赏性状比较[J].福建农业学报,2016(1):31-35.
[13]张程飞,李敏,谢倩,等.九个荷兰水仙品种在福州地区的引种观察[J].北方园艺,2017(15):84-88.
[14]陈燕贤,苏亚北.漳州水仙花新品种“金三角”选育[J].花木盆景(花卉园艺),2002(11):10-11.
[15]陈晓静,申艳红,吕柳新,等.‘云香’水仙新品种选育:发展观赏园艺,建设美丽中国[C]//中国园艺学会.观赏园艺专业委员会2013年学术年会.郑州:中国林业出版社,2013.
[16]华静静.‘黄花水仙2号’三个WD40相关基因克隆及表达分析[D].福州:福建农林大学,2015.
[17]方舟.水仙‘金玉’花芽分化研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2017.
[18]陈段芬,高健,彭镇华.水仙属植物研究进展[J].林业科学,2008(3):140-146.
[19]李科,张游南,李欢,等.‘云香’水仙花香成分分析[J].农业科技与信息(现代园林),2015(4):297-298.
[20]卞阿娜,潘东明.洋水仙在漳州地区的引种筛选研究[J].热带作物学报,2013(8):1444-1449.