棉粕对盐碱胁迫下棉花生理及生长补偿效应
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摘要
为探究棉粕对盐碱胁迫下棉花(Gossypiumhirsutum)的抗盐碱机理,通过田间试验,研究添加不同棉粕用量对8g·kg~(–1)盐碱胁迫下棉花生理及生长的补偿效应。结果表明,添加棉粕能够增加盐碱胁迫下棉花不同器官对K~+的吸收,降低对Na~+的吸收,维持盐碱胁迫下细胞内K~+和Na~+的平衡,显著促进棉花生长,提高叶片叶绿素含量和光合作用效率,有效缓解盐碱胁迫对棉花的伤害。其中,以添加6 000 kg·hm~(–2)棉粕处理的效果最显著,且盐胁迫下棉粕的改良效果较好。主成分分析结果表明,盐碱胁迫下棉花生长生理的主要影响因子为叶片K~+/Na~+比值、根长、鲜重、干重和胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)。
We investigated the salt-tolerant mechanism of cottonseed meal in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum) under salinity-alkalinity stress. Salinity-alkalinity stress of 8 g·kg~(–1) was tested in the field to explore the effect of cottonseed meal dose on the physiology and growth of cotton. Cottonseed meal could increase the absorption of K+ and decrease that of Na~+. K~+ and Na~+ were kept in ion balance in cells under salinity-alkalinity stress. Cottonseed meal could effectively alleviate damage to cotton, significantly promote growth of cotton, and improve chlorophyll content and photosynthesis of leaves. An amount of 6 000 kg·hm~(–2) cottonseed meal was the most significant treatment, and the improvement effect of cottonseed meal under salt stress was better. According to principal component analysis, the K~+/Na~+ ratio in leaves, root length, fresh weight, dry weight and intercellular CO_2 concentration were the main factors involved in salinity-alkalinity stress.
We investigated the salt-tolerant mechanism of cottonseed meal in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum) under salinity-alkalinity stress. Salinity-alkalinity stress of 8 g·kg~(–1) was tested in the field to explore the effect of cottonseed meal dose on the physiology and growth of cotton. Cottonseed meal could increase the absorption of K+ and decrease that of Na~+. K~+ and Na~+ were kept in ion balance in cells under salinity-alkalinity stress. Cottonseed meal could effectively alleviate damage to cotton, significantly promote growth of cotton, and improve chlorophyll content and photosynthesis of leaves. An amount of 6 000 kg·hm~(–2) cottonseed meal was the most significant treatment, and the improvement effect of cottonseed meal under salt stress was better. According to principal component analysis, the K~+/Na~+ ratio in leaves, root length, fresh weight, dry weight and intercellular CO_2 concentration were the main factors involved in salinity-alkalinity stress.
引文
阿曼古丽·买买提阿力,拉扎提·努尔布拉提,高丽丽,张巨松,田立文(2017).盐胁迫对海岛棉和陆地棉幼苗生长及生理特性的影响.植物学报52,465-473.
鲍士旦(2000).土壤农化分析(第3版).北京:中国农业出版社.pp.270-271.
陈俊(2006).碱地肤幼苗抗氧化酶系统对盐碱混合胁迫的生理响应特点.硕士论文.长春:东北师范大学.pp.4-10.
陈琪,石剑华(2013).棉籽饼使用脱毒剂和生物发酵脱毒的营养分析.当代畜禽养殖业(10),6-7,8.
郭凯,巨兆强,封晓辉,李晓光,刘小京(2016).咸水结冰灌溉改良盐碱地的研究进展及展望.中国生态农业学报24,1016-1024.
黄清荣,祁琳,柏新富(2018).根环境供氧状况对盐胁迫下棉花幼苗光合及离子吸收的影响.生态学报38,528-536.
贾玉珍,朱禧月,唐予迪,蔡养廉,林同保,罗先宝,杨兆庚,韩海江(1987).棉花出苗及苗期耐盐性指标的研究.河南农业大学学报21,30-41.
焦伟红(2011).燕麦耐盐碱渗透调节机制研究.硕士论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学.pp.15-20.
李合生,陈华癸(2000).21世纪农林本科生物系列课程改革的研究与实践(上).中国农业教育(4),19-22.
蔺吉祥,李晓宇,唐佳红,张兆军,李卓琳,高战武,穆春生(2011).盐碱胁迫对小麦种子萌发、早期幼苗生长及Na+、K+代谢的影响.麦类作物学报31,1148-1152.
刘玉国,谭兰兰,卞龙,王开勇(2013).盐渍化土壤改良剂的筛选.农业科技与信息(20),48-49,50.
牛花朋,李胜荣,申俊峰,李祯,佟景贵(2006).粉煤灰与若干有机固体废弃物配施改良土壤的研究进展.地球与环境34(2),27-34.
石德成,殷丽娟(1993).盐(NaCl)与碱(Na2CO3)对星星草胁迫作用的差异.植物学报35,144-149.
田长彦,周宏飞,刘国庆(2000).21世纪新疆土壤盐渍化调控与农业持续发展研究建议.干旱区地理23,177-181.
王安平,吕云峰,张军民,赵青余,王加启,田科雄(2010).我国棉粕和棉籽蛋白营养成分和棉酚含量调研.华北农学报25(S1),301-304.
王文杰,贺海升,祖元刚,赵修华,杨磊,关宇,许慧男,于兴洋(2009).施加改良剂对重度盐碱地盐碱动态及杨树生长的影响.生态学报29,2272-2278.
韦本辉,申章佑,周佳,甘秀芹,劳承英,周灵芝,刘斌,胡泊,李艳英(2017).粉垄改造利用盐碱地效果初探.中国农业科技导报19(10),107-112.
翁永玲,宫鹏(2006).土壤盐渍化遥感应用研究进展.地理科学26,369-375.
杨国会,石德成(2011).盐碱胁迫对小冰麦相对生长率及茎叶离子积累的影响.河南农业科学40,45-47,57.
杨淑萍,危常州,梁永超(2010).盐胁迫对不同基因型海岛棉光合作用及荧光特性的影响.中国农业科学43,1585-1593.
员学锋,汪有科,吴普特,冯浩(2005).PAM对土壤物理性状影响的试验研究及机理分析.水土保持学报19(2),37-40.
张华宁,李孟军,郭秀林,张艳敏,刘子会(2017).盐胁迫下不同K+吸收抑制剂对小麦根系K+/Na+比和质膜相关蛋白活性的影响.华北农学报32(5),154-162.
张景云,缪南生,白雅梅,万新建,吕文河(2014).盐胁迫下二倍体马铃薯叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性的变化.作物杂志(5),59-63.
张娜,潘思轶,侯旭杰(2009).棉籽蛋白提取工艺及其主要理化性质研究.食品研究与开发30(7),36-38.
张树文,杨久春,李颖,张养贞,常丽萍(2010).1950s中期以来东北地区盐碱地时空变化及成因分析.自然资源学报25,435-442.
赵可夫,王韶唐(1990).作物抗性生理.北京:农业出版社.pp.300-304.
周志林,唐君,曹清河,赵冬兰,张安(2017).NaCl胁迫对甘薯植株体内K+、Na+和Cl-含量及生长的影响.中国农业科技导报19(4),17-23.
罗宾BA(陈恺元等译)(1983).棉花生理学.上海:上海科学技术出版社.pp.116-118.
Boscaiu M,Estrelles E,Soriano P,Vicente O(2005).Effects of salt stress on the reproductive biology of the halophyte Plantago crassifolia.Biol Plant 49,141-143.
Jalees MM,Khan MZ,Saleemi MK,Khan A(2011).Effects of cottonseed meal on hematological,biochemical and behavioral alterations in male Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica).Pak Vet J 31,211-214.
Li RL,Shi FC,Fukuda K,Yang YL(2010).Effects of salt and alkali stresses on germination,growth,photosynthesis and ion accumulation in alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.).Soil Sci Plant Nutr 56,725-733.
Munns R(2002).Comparative physiology of salt and water stress.Plant Cell Environ 25,239-250.
Nedjimi B,Daoud Y(2009).Ameliorative effect of CaCl2 on growth,membrane permeability and nutrient uptake in Atriplex halimus subsp.schweinfurthii grown at high(NaCl)salinity.Desalination 249,163-166.
Schroeder JI,Ward JM,Gassmann W(1994).Perspectives on the physiology and structure of inward-rectifying K+channels in higher plants:biophysical implications for K+uptake.Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 23,441-471.
?tefani?PP,Koffler T,Adler G,Bar-Zvi D(2013).Chloroplasts of salt-grown Arabidopsis seedlings are impaired in structure,genome copy number and transcript levels.PLo S One 8,e82548.
Wang LW,Showalter AM,Ungar IA(2005).Effects of intraspecific competition on growth and photosynthesis of Atriplex prostrata.Aquat Bot 83,187-192.
Zhang JT,Mu CS(2009).Effects of saline and alkaline stresses on the germination,growth,photosynthesis,ionic balance and anti-oxidant system in an alkali-tolerant leguminous forage Lathyrus quinquenervius.Soil Sci Plant Nutr 55,685-697.
Zhang TB,Zhan XY,Kang YH,Wan SQ,Feng H(2017).Improvements of soil salt characteristics and nutrient status in an impermeable saline-sodic soil reclaimed with an improved drip irrigation while ridge planting Lycium barbarum L.J Soils Sediments 17,1126-1139.
鲍士旦(2000).土壤农化分析(第3版).北京:中国农业出版社.pp.270-271.
陈俊(2006).碱地肤幼苗抗氧化酶系统对盐碱混合胁迫的生理响应特点.硕士论文.长春:东北师范大学.pp.4-10.
陈琪,石剑华(2013).棉籽饼使用脱毒剂和生物发酵脱毒的营养分析.当代畜禽养殖业(10),6-7,8.
郭凯,巨兆强,封晓辉,李晓光,刘小京(2016).咸水结冰灌溉改良盐碱地的研究进展及展望.中国生态农业学报24,1016-1024.
黄清荣,祁琳,柏新富(2018).根环境供氧状况对盐胁迫下棉花幼苗光合及离子吸收的影响.生态学报38,528-536.
贾玉珍,朱禧月,唐予迪,蔡养廉,林同保,罗先宝,杨兆庚,韩海江(1987).棉花出苗及苗期耐盐性指标的研究.河南农业大学学报21,30-41.
焦伟红(2011).燕麦耐盐碱渗透调节机制研究.硕士论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学.pp.15-20.
李合生,陈华癸(2000).21世纪农林本科生物系列课程改革的研究与实践(上).中国农业教育(4),19-22.
蔺吉祥,李晓宇,唐佳红,张兆军,李卓琳,高战武,穆春生(2011).盐碱胁迫对小麦种子萌发、早期幼苗生长及Na+、K+代谢的影响.麦类作物学报31,1148-1152.
刘玉国,谭兰兰,卞龙,王开勇(2013).盐渍化土壤改良剂的筛选.农业科技与信息(20),48-49,50.
牛花朋,李胜荣,申俊峰,李祯,佟景贵(2006).粉煤灰与若干有机固体废弃物配施改良土壤的研究进展.地球与环境34(2),27-34.
石德成,殷丽娟(1993).盐(NaCl)与碱(Na2CO3)对星星草胁迫作用的差异.植物学报35,144-149.
田长彦,周宏飞,刘国庆(2000).21世纪新疆土壤盐渍化调控与农业持续发展研究建议.干旱区地理23,177-181.
王安平,吕云峰,张军民,赵青余,王加启,田科雄(2010).我国棉粕和棉籽蛋白营养成分和棉酚含量调研.华北农学报25(S1),301-304.
王文杰,贺海升,祖元刚,赵修华,杨磊,关宇,许慧男,于兴洋(2009).施加改良剂对重度盐碱地盐碱动态及杨树生长的影响.生态学报29,2272-2278.
韦本辉,申章佑,周佳,甘秀芹,劳承英,周灵芝,刘斌,胡泊,李艳英(2017).粉垄改造利用盐碱地效果初探.中国农业科技导报19(10),107-112.
翁永玲,宫鹏(2006).土壤盐渍化遥感应用研究进展.地理科学26,369-375.
杨国会,石德成(2011).盐碱胁迫对小冰麦相对生长率及茎叶离子积累的影响.河南农业科学40,45-47,57.
杨淑萍,危常州,梁永超(2010).盐胁迫对不同基因型海岛棉光合作用及荧光特性的影响.中国农业科学43,1585-1593.
员学锋,汪有科,吴普特,冯浩(2005).PAM对土壤物理性状影响的试验研究及机理分析.水土保持学报19(2),37-40.
张华宁,李孟军,郭秀林,张艳敏,刘子会(2017).盐胁迫下不同K+吸收抑制剂对小麦根系K+/Na+比和质膜相关蛋白活性的影响.华北农学报32(5),154-162.
张景云,缪南生,白雅梅,万新建,吕文河(2014).盐胁迫下二倍体马铃薯叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性的变化.作物杂志(5),59-63.
张娜,潘思轶,侯旭杰(2009).棉籽蛋白提取工艺及其主要理化性质研究.食品研究与开发30(7),36-38.
张树文,杨久春,李颖,张养贞,常丽萍(2010).1950s中期以来东北地区盐碱地时空变化及成因分析.自然资源学报25,435-442.
赵可夫,王韶唐(1990).作物抗性生理.北京:农业出版社.pp.300-304.
周志林,唐君,曹清河,赵冬兰,张安(2017).NaCl胁迫对甘薯植株体内K+、Na+和Cl-含量及生长的影响.中国农业科技导报19(4),17-23.
罗宾BA(陈恺元等译)(1983).棉花生理学.上海:上海科学技术出版社.pp.116-118.
Boscaiu M,Estrelles E,Soriano P,Vicente O(2005).Effects of salt stress on the reproductive biology of the halophyte Plantago crassifolia.Biol Plant 49,141-143.
Jalees MM,Khan MZ,Saleemi MK,Khan A(2011).Effects of cottonseed meal on hematological,biochemical and behavioral alterations in male Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica).Pak Vet J 31,211-214.
Li RL,Shi FC,Fukuda K,Yang YL(2010).Effects of salt and alkali stresses on germination,growth,photosynthesis and ion accumulation in alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.).Soil Sci Plant Nutr 56,725-733.
Munns R(2002).Comparative physiology of salt and water stress.Plant Cell Environ 25,239-250.
Nedjimi B,Daoud Y(2009).Ameliorative effect of CaCl2 on growth,membrane permeability and nutrient uptake in Atriplex halimus subsp.schweinfurthii grown at high(NaCl)salinity.Desalination 249,163-166.
Schroeder JI,Ward JM,Gassmann W(1994).Perspectives on the physiology and structure of inward-rectifying K+channels in higher plants:biophysical implications for K+uptake.Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 23,441-471.
?tefani?PP,Koffler T,Adler G,Bar-Zvi D(2013).Chloroplasts of salt-grown Arabidopsis seedlings are impaired in structure,genome copy number and transcript levels.PLo S One 8,e82548.
Wang LW,Showalter AM,Ungar IA(2005).Effects of intraspecific competition on growth and photosynthesis of Atriplex prostrata.Aquat Bot 83,187-192.
Zhang JT,Mu CS(2009).Effects of saline and alkaline stresses on the germination,growth,photosynthesis,ionic balance and anti-oxidant system in an alkali-tolerant leguminous forage Lathyrus quinquenervius.Soil Sci Plant Nutr 55,685-697.
Zhang TB,Zhan XY,Kang YH,Wan SQ,Feng H(2017).Improvements of soil salt characteristics and nutrient status in an impermeable saline-sodic soil reclaimed with an improved drip irrigation while ridge planting Lycium barbarum L.J Soils Sediments 17,1126-1139.