摘要
为制定出一套更适宜于陕西汉中烟区烟蚜防治技术规程,2015—2016年采用黄皿诱蚜法及系统调查法,分别对有翅蚜迁飞扩散规律及烟蚜田间消长规律进行了系统调查。结果表明:(1)烟蚜一般在桃树及冬蔬菜上越冬。以卵越冬的烟蚜,2月底至3月初孵化为干母,一般在桃树上繁殖3代,3月底至4月初出现有翅蚜;(2)有翅蚜迁飞始于4月初,5月上中旬有翅蚜向烟田迁飞,行孤雌胎生繁殖后代,以无翅蚜表现种群,蚜群数量最高峰出现在7月上中旬,8月以后数量逐渐下降,9月迁回桃树及十字花科蔬菜继续为害;(3)汉中烟区烟蚜天敌主要有烟蚜茧蜂、食蚜蝇及瓢虫,其中烟蚜茧蜂为优势种群,约占调查总数的88.68%,自然寄生率约为29.03%。
The paper aims to make a set of suitable technical regulations for controlling Myzus persicae in tobacco planting areas of Hanzhong, Shaanxi. We carried out the study on the migration dynamics of alateaphids by yellow pan trap method and on the population dynamics of M. persicae by systematic investigationmethod from 2015 to 2016. The results showed that:(1) M. persicae usually went through winter on peachtrees and winter vegetables; eggs of M. persicae hatched into fundatrixes between the end of February andearly March, then reproduced 3 generations on peach trees, alate aphids occurred from late March to earlyApril;(2) alate aphids began to transfer in early April, and transferred to tobacco fields in early and middleof May and bred with virginogenia; the number of aphids had a peak in early and middle of July, anddeclined after August, then moved back to peach and cruciferous vegetables in September;(3) the naturalenemies of M. persicae mainly included Aphidius gifuensis, Aeva pyrastri and Coccinellidae. Aphidius gifuensis was the domaint population, which accounted for 88.68% of the total and gained 29.03% natural parasitic rate.
引文
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