微弧氧化制备黑色膜工艺、着色机制及应用的研究现状与展望
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摘要
微弧氧化技术应用非常广泛,而微弧氧化黑膜作为一种外观美观、实用性良好的表面改性薄膜备受关注。对微弧氧化制备黑色膜采用的着色盐体系进行了总结。微弧氧化涂层黑度与成色物质的浓度、电流密度、微弧氧化电压以及工作时间等因素有关。未来发展方向是着色剂的科学配比,并实现无毒无污染;制备技术方面要开发低能耗微弧方法和工艺,或将微弧氧化与其他表面技术相结合。
The applications of micro-arc oxidation technology are very wide. The micro-arc oxidation black films have beautiful appearance and good application,and are significantly popular in consumption market. In this paper,the black-coloring salt system of black oxide film prepared by micro-arc oxidation was summarized systematically. The blackness of micro-arc oxidation coating was related to various parameters such as the concentration of color forming material,current density,micro-arc oxidation voltage,and working time. Furthermore,the future direction of developments of colorants were scientific formulating and the achievements of non-toxic and non-polluting,while those of preparation technology were to develop low-power micro-arc methods and processes,or to combine the micro-arc oxidation with other surface technologies.
The applications of micro-arc oxidation technology are very wide. The micro-arc oxidation black films have beautiful appearance and good application,and are significantly popular in consumption market. In this paper,the black-coloring salt system of black oxide film prepared by micro-arc oxidation was summarized systematically. The blackness of micro-arc oxidation coating was related to various parameters such as the concentration of color forming material,current density,micro-arc oxidation voltage,and working time. Furthermore,the future direction of developments of colorants were scientific formulating and the achievements of non-toxic and non-polluting,while those of preparation technology were to develop low-power micro-arc methods and processes,or to combine the micro-arc oxidation with other surface technologies.
引文
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[11]金杰,吴继文,李欢,等.镁合金微弧氧化棕黑色膜的制备及性能研究[J].浙江工业大学学报,2015,43(2):133-136.
[12]郝建民,田新宇,陈宏,等.镁合金微弧氧化黑色膜的制备工艺和结构[J].材料热处理学报,2011,32(7):164-168.
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[14]郝建民,陈永楠,陈宏.1060铝合金微弧氧化黑色陶瓷膜显色特性及着色原理[J].表面技术,2014,43(1):44-49.
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[19] YAO Z P,HU B,SHEN Q X,et al. Preparation of black high absorbance and high emissivity thermal control coating on Ti alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology,2014,253:166-170.
[20]牛翱翔.钛合金表面高发射率膜层原位制备及性能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013:7.
[21]吴晓宏,王小东,王锐,等.硫酸亚铁浓度对微弧氧化膜光学性能的影响[J].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学学报,2013,35:80-84.
[22]白晶莹,李思振,郑大江,等.黑色微弧氧化膜的制备及其表征[J].物理化学学报,2016,32(9):2 271-2 279.
[23] LIU X F,LIU G,XIE J X. Preliminary Study on Preparation of Black Ceramic Coating Formed on Magnesium Alloy by Micro-arc Oxidation in Carbon Black Pigment-contained Electrolyte[J]. Procedia Engineering,2012,36:261-269.
[24]鲁成.铝合金黑色微弧氧化陶瓷膜层的制备及性能研究[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2016:5.
[25]王彩丽,赵立新,邵忠财.铝合金、镁合金微弧氧化功能陶瓷膜的研究[J].电镀与环保,2008,28(6):1-4.
[26]沈德久,王玉林,卢立红.铝合金表面微弧氧化自润滑陶瓷覆层[J].材料保护,2000,33(5):51-52.
[27] LIANG J,WANG P,HU L T,et al.Tribological properties of duplex MAO/DLC coatings on magnesium alloy using combined microarc oxidation and filtered cathodic arc deposition[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2007,454-455:164-169.
[28] KWOK S C H,ZHANG W,WAN G J,et al. Hemocompatibility and Anti Bacterial Properties of Silver-Doped Diamond-Like Carbon Prepared by Pulsed Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc eposition[J]. Diamond Relat Mater,2007,16:1 353-1 360.
[29] ZHANG E L,LI F B,WANG H Y,et al. A new antibacterial titanium-copper sintered alloy:Preparation and antibacterial property[J].Materials Science and Engineering C,2013,33(7):4 280-4 287.
[30]杨巍,汪爱英,柯培玲,等. DLC膜厚度对镁基表面DLC/MAO复合膜层性能的影响[J].材料工程,2012(4):94-98.
[31]田钦文,李慕勤,关秉羽.高功率脉冲等离子体清洗对铝合金MAO涂层表面Cr-DLC薄膜摩擦学性能影响:第十二届国际真空冶金与表面工程学术会议论文(摘要)集[C].沈阳:东北大学,2015:113-114.
[32] RACK H J,QAZI J I. Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications[J]. Materials Science and Engineering,2006,26(8):1 269-1 273.
[33] HU B L,WANG K S,HU P,et al.Effect of Lanthanum in Arc Eerosion of Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum Alloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,115(3):696-702.
[34] BANAKH O,JOURNOT T,GAY P A,et al. Synthesis by Anodic-Spark Deposition of Ca-and P-Containing Films on Pure Titanium and Their Biological Response[J]. Applied Surface Science,2016,378:207-215.
[35] SONG H J,KIM J W,KOOK M S,et al. Fabrication of Hydroxyapatite and Ti O2Nanorods on Microarc Oxidized Titanium Surface Using Hydrothermal Treatment[J]. Applied Surface Science,2010,256:7 056-7 061.
[36] XIE G Z,WANG P,YUAN L K,et al. The effect of couplingagent on the microwave properties of the melt-spuniron/earth nano composites[J]. Appl Polym Sci,2009,114(4):2 344-2 347.
[37] LIU F,WANG F P,SHIMIZU T,et al. Formation of Hydroxyapatite on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Microarc Oxidation and Hydro-thermal Treatment[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology,2005,199(2/3):220-224.
[38]王欣宇.微弧氧化膜替代钛基烤瓷冠遮色层的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2007:51-53.
[39]邝春伟.工艺参数对铝合金黑色微弧氧化陶瓷膜成膜规律的影响[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2008:11.
[40]台洪波.镁合金微弧氧化一步着色及电解液寿命研究[D].长春:长春理工大学,2009:3.
[41]严威川,丁宁,王腾.超极本等等在出手[J].电脑爱好者,2012(6):82.
[42]熊伟.铝合金微弧氧化着色及膜层性能研究[D].沈阳:沈阳理工大学,2009:3.
[43]寇钢,白力静,王盼,等. AZ41镁合金黑色微弧氧化陶瓷层的显色、摩擦学和腐蚀特性[J].硅酸盐学报,2015,43(7):991-996.
[44]杜克勤,寇瑾,严川伟.黑色微弧氧化陶瓷膜的制备及其性能研究[J].材料保护,2003,36(6):27-29.
[45] CHEN L,HAN J,YU S X. Preparation technology and anti-corrosion performances of black ceramic coatings formed by micro-arc oxidation on aluminum alloys[J]. Rare Met,2006,25(3):146-148.
[46] LI S Z,BAI J Y,FENG L,et al. Research on micro-arc oxidation coatings with thermal control on magnesium alloy.International Federation for Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering[M]. Amsterdam:Elsevier,2013:138-142.
[47] TANG H,XIN T,SUN Q,et al.Influence of Fe SO4concentration on thermal emissivity of coatings formed on titanium alloy by micro-arc oxidation[J]. Applied Surface Science,2011,257(24):10 839-10 844.
[48] WU X,QIN W,CUI B,et al.The influence of the oxidation time on the optical properties of the ceramic thermal control coating prepared by micro-plasma oxidation[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2007,42(17):7 251-7 255.
[49] WU X,QIN W,CUI B,et al.Black ceramic thermal control coating prepared by micro-arc oxidation[J]. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology,2007,4(3):269-275.
[50]鞠鹏飞,刘冠杰,吴超,等.工艺参数对钛合金微弧氧化涂层热控性能的影响[J].材料保护,2016,49(5):30-33.
[2]黄然然,徐晋勇,高成,等.微弧氧化彩色陶瓷膜的显色着色机理研究进展[J].热加工工艺,2017,46(12):38-43.
[3]崔联合,张军,曹红卫. 6061铝合金微弧氧化着色工艺研究[J].表面技术,2011,40(1):93-95.
[4]崔作兴,王彩丽,邵忠财,等.铝合金黄色微弧氧化膜的制备及其性能[J].材料保护,2009,42(6):4-6.
[5] KOU G,BAI L J,WANG P,et al. Color,Tribological and Corrosion Properties of Black Micro-arc Oxidation Coating on AZ41 Magnesium Alloy[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramics Society,2015,43(7):991-996.
[6]杨丽.镁合金微弧氧化深色膜的制备及性能检测[D].沈阳:沈阳理工大学,2011:3.
[7]王敏.镁锂合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷膜层的制备与性能研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2016:5.
[8]万小芳. AZ91D镁合金黑色陶瓷膜的低能耗微弧氧化制备工艺[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012:12.
[9] LI J M,CAI H,JIANG B. Growth mechanism of black ceramic layers formed by microarc oxidation[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology,2007,201:8 702-8 708.
[10]霍珍珍,郭锋,刘亮,等.铝合金微弧氧化黑色陶瓷膜着色机理[J].材料热处理学报,2014,35(增刊2):158-161.
[11]金杰,吴继文,李欢,等.镁合金微弧氧化棕黑色膜的制备及性能研究[J].浙江工业大学学报,2015,43(2):133-136.
[12]郝建民,田新宇,陈宏,等.镁合金微弧氧化黑色膜的制备工艺和结构[J].材料热处理学报,2011,32(7):164-168.
[13]王建华.铝合金表面蓝色微弧氧化膜的制备工艺及组织结构[D].济南:山东大学,2013:5.
[14]郝建民,陈永楠,陈宏.1060铝合金微弧氧化黑色陶瓷膜显色特性及着色原理[J].表面技术,2014,43(1):44-49.
[15] HWANG I J,SHIN K R,LEE J S,et al. Formation of Black Ceramic Layer on Aluminum Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation in Electrolyte Containing Na2WO4[J]. Materials Transactions,2012,53(3):559-564.
[16] BESPALOVA ZH I,PANENKO I N. Formation of Micro-Arc Coatings on the Surface of D16 Aluminum Alloy[J]. Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry,2013,86(5):635-639.
[17]吴振东,姜兆华,姚忠平,等. LY12铝合金微弧氧化黑色陶瓷结构及耐腐蚀性研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2007,36(2):687-689.
[18]吴振东.铝合金表面原位生长陶瓷膜及摩擦磨损与耐蚀研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2007:6.
[19] YAO Z P,HU B,SHEN Q X,et al. Preparation of black high absorbance and high emissivity thermal control coating on Ti alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology,2014,253:166-170.
[20]牛翱翔.钛合金表面高发射率膜层原位制备及性能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013:7.
[21]吴晓宏,王小东,王锐,等.硫酸亚铁浓度对微弧氧化膜光学性能的影响[J].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学学报,2013,35:80-84.
[22]白晶莹,李思振,郑大江,等.黑色微弧氧化膜的制备及其表征[J].物理化学学报,2016,32(9):2 271-2 279.
[23] LIU X F,LIU G,XIE J X. Preliminary Study on Preparation of Black Ceramic Coating Formed on Magnesium Alloy by Micro-arc Oxidation in Carbon Black Pigment-contained Electrolyte[J]. Procedia Engineering,2012,36:261-269.
[24]鲁成.铝合金黑色微弧氧化陶瓷膜层的制备及性能研究[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2016:5.
[25]王彩丽,赵立新,邵忠财.铝合金、镁合金微弧氧化功能陶瓷膜的研究[J].电镀与环保,2008,28(6):1-4.
[26]沈德久,王玉林,卢立红.铝合金表面微弧氧化自润滑陶瓷覆层[J].材料保护,2000,33(5):51-52.
[27] LIANG J,WANG P,HU L T,et al.Tribological properties of duplex MAO/DLC coatings on magnesium alloy using combined microarc oxidation and filtered cathodic arc deposition[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2007,454-455:164-169.
[28] KWOK S C H,ZHANG W,WAN G J,et al. Hemocompatibility and Anti Bacterial Properties of Silver-Doped Diamond-Like Carbon Prepared by Pulsed Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc eposition[J]. Diamond Relat Mater,2007,16:1 353-1 360.
[29] ZHANG E L,LI F B,WANG H Y,et al. A new antibacterial titanium-copper sintered alloy:Preparation and antibacterial property[J].Materials Science and Engineering C,2013,33(7):4 280-4 287.
[30]杨巍,汪爱英,柯培玲,等. DLC膜厚度对镁基表面DLC/MAO复合膜层性能的影响[J].材料工程,2012(4):94-98.
[31]田钦文,李慕勤,关秉羽.高功率脉冲等离子体清洗对铝合金MAO涂层表面Cr-DLC薄膜摩擦学性能影响:第十二届国际真空冶金与表面工程学术会议论文(摘要)集[C].沈阳:东北大学,2015:113-114.
[32] RACK H J,QAZI J I. Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications[J]. Materials Science and Engineering,2006,26(8):1 269-1 273.
[33] HU B L,WANG K S,HU P,et al.Effect of Lanthanum in Arc Eerosion of Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum Alloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,115(3):696-702.
[34] BANAKH O,JOURNOT T,GAY P A,et al. Synthesis by Anodic-Spark Deposition of Ca-and P-Containing Films on Pure Titanium and Their Biological Response[J]. Applied Surface Science,2016,378:207-215.
[35] SONG H J,KIM J W,KOOK M S,et al. Fabrication of Hydroxyapatite and Ti O2Nanorods on Microarc Oxidized Titanium Surface Using Hydrothermal Treatment[J]. Applied Surface Science,2010,256:7 056-7 061.
[36] XIE G Z,WANG P,YUAN L K,et al. The effect of couplingagent on the microwave properties of the melt-spuniron/earth nano composites[J]. Appl Polym Sci,2009,114(4):2 344-2 347.
[37] LIU F,WANG F P,SHIMIZU T,et al. Formation of Hydroxyapatite on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Microarc Oxidation and Hydro-thermal Treatment[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology,2005,199(2/3):220-224.
[38]王欣宇.微弧氧化膜替代钛基烤瓷冠遮色层的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2007:51-53.
[39]邝春伟.工艺参数对铝合金黑色微弧氧化陶瓷膜成膜规律的影响[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2008:11.
[40]台洪波.镁合金微弧氧化一步着色及电解液寿命研究[D].长春:长春理工大学,2009:3.
[41]严威川,丁宁,王腾.超极本等等在出手[J].电脑爱好者,2012(6):82.
[42]熊伟.铝合金微弧氧化着色及膜层性能研究[D].沈阳:沈阳理工大学,2009:3.
[43]寇钢,白力静,王盼,等. AZ41镁合金黑色微弧氧化陶瓷层的显色、摩擦学和腐蚀特性[J].硅酸盐学报,2015,43(7):991-996.
[44]杜克勤,寇瑾,严川伟.黑色微弧氧化陶瓷膜的制备及其性能研究[J].材料保护,2003,36(6):27-29.
[45] CHEN L,HAN J,YU S X. Preparation technology and anti-corrosion performances of black ceramic coatings formed by micro-arc oxidation on aluminum alloys[J]. Rare Met,2006,25(3):146-148.
[46] LI S Z,BAI J Y,FENG L,et al. Research on micro-arc oxidation coatings with thermal control on magnesium alloy.International Federation for Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering[M]. Amsterdam:Elsevier,2013:138-142.
[47] TANG H,XIN T,SUN Q,et al.Influence of Fe SO4concentration on thermal emissivity of coatings formed on titanium alloy by micro-arc oxidation[J]. Applied Surface Science,2011,257(24):10 839-10 844.
[48] WU X,QIN W,CUI B,et al.The influence of the oxidation time on the optical properties of the ceramic thermal control coating prepared by micro-plasma oxidation[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2007,42(17):7 251-7 255.
[49] WU X,QIN W,CUI B,et al.Black ceramic thermal control coating prepared by micro-arc oxidation[J]. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology,2007,4(3):269-275.
[50]鞠鹏飞,刘冠杰,吴超,等.工艺参数对钛合金微弧氧化涂层热控性能的影响[J].材料保护,2016,49(5):30-33.