6种杀虫剂对蚕豆象成虫的室内毒力测定及田间药效评价
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摘要
蚕豆象严重危害蚕豆生产,常造成蚕豆产量损失,商品价值丧失。为了筛选蚕豆象防治的高效药剂,本研究选用6种常规杀虫剂开展了室内毒力测定和田间药效评价,结果显示,处理48h后,2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME对蚕豆象的毒力最高,5%阿维毒死蜱EC毒力最低,LC50分别为2.451mg/L和23.867mg/L,6种药剂毒力大小排序:2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME>5%啶虫脒EC>10.7%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐WG>5%吡虫啉EC>20%阿维·杀虫单ME>5%阿维·毒死蜱EC;田间防效结果表明,2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME防效最高,5%啶虫脒EC次之,两者防效均在75%以上,显著高于其他药剂。6种药剂防效大小排序:2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME>5%啶虫脒EC>5%吡虫啉EC>10.7%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐WG>5%阿维·毒死蜱EC>20%阿维·杀虫单ME。据此可知,2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯ME对蚕豆象具有较高的毒力和较好的防效,建议在生产中应用,但需注意与其他农药交替使用,避免产生抗药性。
Broad bean weevil,Bruchus rufimanus,the most destructive pest of broad bean crops,often causes yield loss and poor commodity value.In order to seek the most efficient insecticides for broad bean weevil controlling,we carried out indoor toxicity determination and field efficacy evaluation of six insecticides against adults of B.rufimanus.The results showed that the toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin2.5% ME was the most strongest with the LC_(50) value of 2.451 mg/L after the treatments for 48 h,and abamectin·chlorpyrifos 5% EC was most weak with the LC_(50) value of 23.867 mg/L.The toxicity order of six pesticides from high to low was as follows:lambdacyhalothrin 2.5% ME>acetamiprid5% EC>emamectin benzoate 10.7% WG>imidacloprid5% EC>abamectin·monosultap 20% ME>abamectin·chlorpyrifos 5% EC.Field trials showed that lambda-cyhalothrin2.5% ME had the best control effect,acetamiprid 5% EC took the second place,both efficacies were more than 75%,significantly higher than other pesticides.The order of six insecticides control effect from high to low was as follows:lambda-cyhalothrin 2.5% ME>acetamiprid 5% EC>imidacloprid 5% EC>emamectin benzoate 10.7%WG>abamectin·chlorpyrifos 5% EC>abamectin·monosultap20% ME.In conclusion,lambda-cyhalothrin had the best insecticidal activity and the best control effect against B.rufimanus,which can be recommended to be applied in practice.However,it is necessary to pay attention to use alternately with other insecticides for avoiding drug resistance development.
Broad bean weevil,Bruchus rufimanus,the most destructive pest of broad bean crops,often causes yield loss and poor commodity value.In order to seek the most efficient insecticides for broad bean weevil controlling,we carried out indoor toxicity determination and field efficacy evaluation of six insecticides against adults of B.rufimanus.The results showed that the toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin2.5% ME was the most strongest with the LC_(50) value of 2.451 mg/L after the treatments for 48 h,and abamectin·chlorpyrifos 5% EC was most weak with the LC_(50) value of 23.867 mg/L.The toxicity order of six pesticides from high to low was as follows:lambdacyhalothrin 2.5% ME>acetamiprid5% EC>emamectin benzoate 10.7% WG>imidacloprid5% EC>abamectin·monosultap 20% ME>abamectin·chlorpyrifos 5% EC.Field trials showed that lambda-cyhalothrin2.5% ME had the best control effect,acetamiprid 5% EC took the second place,both efficacies were more than 75%,significantly higher than other pesticides.The order of six insecticides control effect from high to low was as follows:lambda-cyhalothrin 2.5% ME>acetamiprid 5% EC>imidacloprid 5% EC>emamectin benzoate 10.7%WG>abamectin·chlorpyrifos 5% EC>abamectin·monosultap20% ME.In conclusion,lambda-cyhalothrin had the best insecticidal activity and the best control effect against B.rufimanus,which can be recommended to be applied in practice.However,it is necessary to pay attention to use alternately with other insecticides for avoiding drug resistance development.
引文
[1]SZAFIROWSKA A.The role of cultivars and sowing date in control of broad bean weevil(Bruchus rufimanus Boheman)in organic cultivation[J].Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin,2012,77:29-36.
[2]FAOSTAT Database[DB/OL].(2018-1-1)http:∥www.fao.org/faostat.
[3]徐淑华.蚕豆象在青海省的适生性风险分析[J].中国植保导刊,2012,32(4):57-58.
[4]姚康,杨长举.蚕豆象的生物学特性[J].昆虫学报,1985,28(1):45-50.
[5]陈新,魏春艳,任炳忠,等.豆象属昆虫检疫重要性概述[J].植物检疫,2013,27(1):63-67.
[6]MEDJDOUB-BENSAAD F,KHELIL M A,HUIGNARD J.Bioecology of broad bean bruchid Bruchus rufimanus Boh.(Coleoptera:Bruchidae)in a region of Kabylia in Algeria[J].African Journal of Agricultural Research,2007,2(9):412-417.
[7]KANIUCZAK Z.Seed damage of field bean(Vicia faba L.var.minor Harz)caused by broad bean weevil(Bruchus rufimanus BOH.)(Coleoptera:Bruchidae)[J].Journal of Plant Protection Research,2004,44:125-130.
[8]陈其瑚.浙江植物病虫志.昆虫篇(第二集)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1993:218-294.
[9]赵万千,丁国卫,杨淑霞,等.6种杀虫剂防治蚕豆象试验初报[J].甘肃农业科技,2006(8):33-34.
[10]李龙,郭延平,杨生华.不同化学药剂对田间蚕豆象的防治效果[J].中国蔬菜,2012(23):29-30.
[11]中华人民共和国农业行业标准.NY/T 1154.6-2006,农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂第6部分:杀虫活性试验浸虫法[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2009.
[12]杨素梅,贾变桃.3种农药制剂对桃蚜的室内毒力测定[J].山西农业科学,2013,41(4):375-376.
[13]HORNE J,BAILEY P.Bruchus pisorum L.(Coleoptera,Bruchidae)control by a knockdown pyrethroid in field peas[J].Crop Protection,1991,10(1):53-56.
[14]于欣,武海斌,张坤鹏,等.19种杀虫剂对桃小食心虫卵的毒力测定[J].山东农业科学,2012,44(5):96-98.
[15]冀禄禄,董宇奎,李照会.四种杀虫剂对七星瓢虫成虫的室内毒力测定[J].山东农业科学,2011,39(5):74-75.
[16]李立.5种常见药剂对刺槐蚜的毒力测定[J].河北林业科技,2012(5):10-11.
[17]BEN-ZE'EV N,Zohary D.Species relationships in the genus Pisum L.[J].Israel Journal of Botany,1973,22:73-91.
[18]CLEMENT S L,WIGHTMAN J A,HARDIE D C,et al.Opportunities for integrated management of insect pests of grain legumes[C]∥KNIGHT R.Linking research and marketing opportunities for pulses in the 21st century.The Netherlands,Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2000:467-480.
[2]FAOSTAT Database[DB/OL].(2018-1-1)http:∥www.fao.org/faostat.
[3]徐淑华.蚕豆象在青海省的适生性风险分析[J].中国植保导刊,2012,32(4):57-58.
[4]姚康,杨长举.蚕豆象的生物学特性[J].昆虫学报,1985,28(1):45-50.
[5]陈新,魏春艳,任炳忠,等.豆象属昆虫检疫重要性概述[J].植物检疫,2013,27(1):63-67.
[6]MEDJDOUB-BENSAAD F,KHELIL M A,HUIGNARD J.Bioecology of broad bean bruchid Bruchus rufimanus Boh.(Coleoptera:Bruchidae)in a region of Kabylia in Algeria[J].African Journal of Agricultural Research,2007,2(9):412-417.
[7]KANIUCZAK Z.Seed damage of field bean(Vicia faba L.var.minor Harz)caused by broad bean weevil(Bruchus rufimanus BOH.)(Coleoptera:Bruchidae)[J].Journal of Plant Protection Research,2004,44:125-130.
[8]陈其瑚.浙江植物病虫志.昆虫篇(第二集)[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1993:218-294.
[9]赵万千,丁国卫,杨淑霞,等.6种杀虫剂防治蚕豆象试验初报[J].甘肃农业科技,2006(8):33-34.
[10]李龙,郭延平,杨生华.不同化学药剂对田间蚕豆象的防治效果[J].中国蔬菜,2012(23):29-30.
[11]中华人民共和国农业行业标准.NY/T 1154.6-2006,农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂第6部分:杀虫活性试验浸虫法[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2009.
[12]杨素梅,贾变桃.3种农药制剂对桃蚜的室内毒力测定[J].山西农业科学,2013,41(4):375-376.
[13]HORNE J,BAILEY P.Bruchus pisorum L.(Coleoptera,Bruchidae)control by a knockdown pyrethroid in field peas[J].Crop Protection,1991,10(1):53-56.
[14]于欣,武海斌,张坤鹏,等.19种杀虫剂对桃小食心虫卵的毒力测定[J].山东农业科学,2012,44(5):96-98.
[15]冀禄禄,董宇奎,李照会.四种杀虫剂对七星瓢虫成虫的室内毒力测定[J].山东农业科学,2011,39(5):74-75.
[16]李立.5种常见药剂对刺槐蚜的毒力测定[J].河北林业科技,2012(5):10-11.
[17]BEN-ZE'EV N,Zohary D.Species relationships in the genus Pisum L.[J].Israel Journal of Botany,1973,22:73-91.
[18]CLEMENT S L,WIGHTMAN J A,HARDIE D C,et al.Opportunities for integrated management of insect pests of grain legumes[C]∥KNIGHT R.Linking research and marketing opportunities for pulses in the 21st century.The Netherlands,Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers,2000:467-480.