构造复杂矿区煤与瓦斯突出瓦斯地质分析
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摘要
为深入认识地质构造带煤与瓦斯突出事故的发生机制,以芦岭矿为例,运用瓦斯地质理论,论述矿区的构造特征和瓦斯地质特征,分析压扭性断层形成过程中构造运动对煤体结构和瓦斯赋存的影响。研究发现,芦岭矿位于逆冲断裂地质构造带上盘,构造松软煤层发育,压扭性断层和层滑构造对矿区影响明显;在挤压应力作用下,压扭性封闭性逆断层区域煤体裂隙发育,应力控制着瓦斯向裂隙发育区运移和聚集,使其成为高压瓦斯富集区;受采掘等作业影响,在煤层暴露的瞬间,压扭性逆断层构造带附近区域煤体内储存的大量承压状态瓦斯和构造松软煤岩混合物被疾速抛出,从而形成煤与瓦斯突出。
In order to deeply understand the mechanism of coal and gas outburst accidents occurred in geological structural belts, Luling coal mine was taken as an example, the structural characteristics and gas geological characteristics of the mining area were discussed on the basis of the gas geological theory. The influence of the geological tectonic movement on coal structure and gas occurrence during the formation of the compresso-shear faults was analyzed. Research shows that Luling coal mine is located in the upper plate of the thrust fault geological structure zone, and develops the soft coal seam, compression torsion fault and layer slip structure have a significant impact on the mining area, that under the action of extrusion stress, the development of fracture zone in the area of the closed reverse fault of the compression and torsion, stress controls the migration and accumulation of gas to the fractured zone, which makes it become a high pressure gas enrichment area, that under the influence of mining and other different working, a large quantity of gas and a mixture of structural soft coal and rock in a coal seam near the compression torsion reverse fault tectonic belt are thrown out quickly at the moment of coal seam exposure, resulting in the formation of coal and gas outburst.
In order to deeply understand the mechanism of coal and gas outburst accidents occurred in geological structural belts, Luling coal mine was taken as an example, the structural characteristics and gas geological characteristics of the mining area were discussed on the basis of the gas geological theory. The influence of the geological tectonic movement on coal structure and gas occurrence during the formation of the compresso-shear faults was analyzed. Research shows that Luling coal mine is located in the upper plate of the thrust fault geological structure zone, and develops the soft coal seam, compression torsion fault and layer slip structure have a significant impact on the mining area, that under the action of extrusion stress, the development of fracture zone in the area of the closed reverse fault of the compression and torsion, stress controls the migration and accumulation of gas to the fractured zone, which makes it become a high pressure gas enrichment area, that under the influence of mining and other different working, a large quantity of gas and a mixture of structural soft coal and rock in a coal seam near the compression torsion reverse fault tectonic belt are thrown out quickly at the moment of coal seam exposure, resulting in the formation of coal and gas outburst.
引文
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[13] 谭敏.逆掩断层控制油气运移聚集机理的探讨[J]. 石油实验地质, 1984,6(2): 108- 117.TAN Min. Approach to the control of thrusting over migration and accumulation of oil and gas[J]. Experimental Petroleum Geology, 1984, 6(2): 108-117.
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[16] 王刚,程卫民,谢军,等. 煤与瓦斯突出过程中煤体瓦斯的作用研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(9): 116-120.WANG Gang, CHENG Weimin, XIE Jun, et al. Study on the effect of gas in the coal and gas outburst[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2010, 20(9): 116-120.
[17] 高魁,刘泽功,刘健,等.构造软煤的物理力学特性及其对煤与瓦斯突出的影响[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(2): 129-133.GAO Kui, LIU Zegong, LIU Jian, et al. Physical and mechanical characteristics of tectonic soft coal and their effects on coal and gas outburst[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2013, 23(2): 129-133.
[18] 梁浩,史宝方.浅谈芦岭煤矿煤与瓦斯突出特征及其防治措施[J].矿业安全与环保,2004,31(5): 71-72.LIANG Hao, SHI Baofang. Discussion on the characteristics of coal and gas outburst and its prevention measures in Luling coal mine[J]. Mining Safety & Environmental Protection, 2004, 31 (5): 71-72.
[2] 何俊,陈新生.地质构造对煤与瓦斯突出控制作用的研究现状与发展趋势[J].河南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2009,28(1): 1-7.HE Jun, CHEN Xinsheng. Research state and its development trends for control function of geological structure to coal and gas outburst [J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University: Natural Science, 2009, 28(1): 1-7.
[3] 韩军,张宏伟,霍丙杰.向斜构造煤与瓦斯突出机理探讨[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(8): 908-913.HAN Jun, ZHANG Hongwei, HUO Bingjie. Discussion of coal and gas outburst mechanism of syncline[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2008, 33(8): 908-913.
[4] 张子敏.瓦斯地质学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2009:3-7.
[5] 张子敏,张玉贵.大平煤矿特大型煤与瓦斯突出瓦斯地质分析[J]. 煤炭学报,2005,30(2): 137-140.ZHANG Zimin, ZHANG Yugui. Investigation into coal-gas outburst occurred in Daping coal mine,by using theories of gas-geology[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(2): 137-140.
[6] WOLD M B, CONNELL L D, CHOI S K. The role of spatial variability in coal seam parameters on gas outburst behavior during coal mining[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology,2008,75(1): 1-14.
[7] 闫江伟,张小兵,张子敏.煤与瓦斯突出地质控制机理探讨[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(7): 1 174-1 178.YAN Jiangwei, ZHANG Xiaobing, ZHANG Zimin. Research on geological control mechanism of coal-gas outburst[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2013, 38(7): 1 174-1 178.
[8] 王麒翔,董国伟,崔俊飞,等.安徽芦岭煤矿Ⅱ88采区瓦斯地质规律[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2012,39(1): 27-31.WANG Qixiang, DONG Guowei, CUI Junfei, et al. Gas-geology principle of Ⅱ88 mining area in the Luling coal mine[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science & Technology, 2012,39(1): 27-31.
[9] 魏国营,姚念岗.断层带煤体瓦斯地质特征与瓦斯突出的关联[J]. 辽宁工程技术大学学报:自然科学版,2012,31(5): 604-608.WEI Guoying, YAO Nian'gang. Characteristic of gas-geology at coal seam fault and its association with coal-gas outburst[J]. Journal of Liaoning Technical University:Natural Science, 2012,31(5): 604-608.
[10] 韩军,张宏伟,张普田.推覆构造的动力学特征及其对瓦斯突出的作用机制[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(2): 247-252.HAN Jun, ZHANG Hongwei, ZHANG Putian. Nappe structure's kinetic features and mechanisms of action to coal and gas outburst[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2012, 37(2): 247-252.
[11] 付晓飞,吕延防,付广,等.正逆掩断层垂向封闭性定量模拟实验及评价方法[J].地质科学,2004,39(2): 223-233.FU Xiaofei, LYU Yanfang, FU Guang, et al. Quantitative simulation experiment and evaluation method for vertical seal of overthrust[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2004, 39(2): 223-233.
[12] 高魁,刘泽功,刘健.复合构造带力学特征及其对瓦斯突出的作用机制[J].中国安全科学学报,2017,27(5): 111-116.GAO Kui, LIU Zegong, LIU Jian. Mechanical characteristics of complex geological structure zone and its effect on gas outburst[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2017, 27(5): 111-116.
[13] 谭敏.逆掩断层控制油气运移聚集机理的探讨[J]. 石油实验地质, 1984,6(2): 108- 117.TAN Min. Approach to the control of thrusting over migration and accumulation of oil and gas[J]. Experimental Petroleum Geology, 1984, 6(2): 108-117.
[14] 张春华,刘泽功,刘健,等.封闭型地质构造诱发煤与瓦斯突出的力学特性模拟试验[J].中国矿业大学学报, 2013, 42(4): 554-559.ZHANG Chunhua, LIU Zegong, LIU Jian, et al. Physical scale modeling of mechanical characteristics of outburst induced by closed geological structure[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2013, 42(4): 554-559.
[15] 高魁,刘泽功,刘健.瓦斯在石门揭构造软煤诱发煤与瓦斯突出中的作用[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(3): 102-107.GAO Kui, LIU Zegong, LIU Jian. Effect of gas on coal and gas outburst induced by rock cross-cut tectonic soft coal uncovering[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2015, 25(3): 102-107.
[16] 王刚,程卫民,谢军,等. 煤与瓦斯突出过程中煤体瓦斯的作用研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(9): 116-120.WANG Gang, CHENG Weimin, XIE Jun, et al. Study on the effect of gas in the coal and gas outburst[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2010, 20(9): 116-120.
[17] 高魁,刘泽功,刘健,等.构造软煤的物理力学特性及其对煤与瓦斯突出的影响[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(2): 129-133.GAO Kui, LIU Zegong, LIU Jian, et al. Physical and mechanical characteristics of tectonic soft coal and their effects on coal and gas outburst[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2013, 23(2): 129-133.
[18] 梁浩,史宝方.浅谈芦岭煤矿煤与瓦斯突出特征及其防治措施[J].矿业安全与环保,2004,31(5): 71-72.LIANG Hao, SHI Baofang. Discussion on the characteristics of coal and gas outburst and its prevention measures in Luling coal mine[J]. Mining Safety & Environmental Protection, 2004, 31 (5): 71-72.